RESUMO
Objective:To summarize the features of stenosis or premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus and to investigate the perinatal management strategies.Methods:Three cases diagnosed with stenosis or premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus in Peking University First Hospital between January 2022 and June 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical features and perinatal management strategies were summarized.Results:Fetal cardiac abnormalities (right heart enlargement and tricuspid regurgitation) were detected in the three cases by routine prenatal ultrasound at the gestational weeks of 24, 30 and 23, respectively. Fetal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of stenosis or premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus and no other structural anomalies were detected. All three pregnant women denied taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Case 1 and case 2 underwent emergency cesarean section due to suspected fetal cardiac dysfunction with a cardiovascular profile score of 6 and 5. The two neonates were transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit and discharged with good prognosis (normal cardiac function) on the 56th and 42nd day after birth. During a close monitoring, the stenosis of fetal ductus arteriosus improved in case 3 and a full-term neonate was delivered at 38 weeks by elective cesarean section because of a history of cesarean section.Conclusions:In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, attention should be drawn to the fetal ductus arteriosus during ultrasound imaging, especially when right heart enlargement and tricuspid regurgitation were detected. For fetuses with suspected ductus arteriosus stenosis, a close monitor of the ductus arteriosus and the ultrasound findings indicating cardiac dysfunction is needed and the cardiovascular profile score should also be involved. Fetuses with premature closure of the ductus arteriosus should be delivered promptly and the postnatal cardiac outcomes are good.
RESUMO
The foramen ovale (FO) is an important intra-atrium communication in fetuses.FO restriction or closure in fetuses with or without congenital heart defects can cause hemodynamics abnormality in utero.Fetal echocardiography plays an irreplaceable role in diagnosis of disease about FO.Progresses of ultrasound in fetuses with restricted or premature closed FO were reviewed in this article.
RESUMO
La constricción y el cierre del conducto arterioso fetal tienen una prevalencia desconocida, debido a que la mayoría de estos casos no tiene trascendencia clínica, pero se sospecha que muchos de ellos no son detectados por falta de experiencia del ultrasonografista. Presentamos el caso de una gestante quien recibe una dosis de metamizol y a la evaluación ultrasonográfica se encuentra regurgitación tricuspídea fetal. Ante la evaluación del conducto arterioso se halla constricción del mismo. Se realiza una revisión sobre la asociación entre la insuficiencia tricuspídea y la permeabilidad del conducto arterioso. La lección de este caso es que el hallazgo de insuficiencia tricuspídea debe motivar la evaluación del conducto arterioso por una persona entrenada u optar por la referencia a un centro de mayor experiencia.
Both fetal ductus arteriosus constriction and closure have an unknown prevalence because most of these cases have no clinical significance, but there is a suspicion that many of them are not detected due to lack of training of the sonographer. We report the case of a pregnant woman who received a dose of metamizole and the fetal echocardiographic examination showed tricuspid regurgitation. We review the association between tricuspid regurgitation and ductus arteriosus patency. The lesson of this case is that the finding of tricuspid regurgitation should prompt evaluation of the ductus arteriosus by a trained person or either opts for referral to a center with more experienced professionals.