Septopremaxillary ligament traction system: a review

Over the years, several animal studies have been conducted concerning the role of cartilaginous nasal septum, septopremaxillary ligament in midfacial growth. Most of the studies utilized non primate animal models at first and then more recently in primates such as chimpanzee. Proper choice of animal model to extrapolate from is critical for successful experimental design. Although nonhuman primates are phylogenetically closer to humans than other mammalian groups for better extrapolation to human condition, not all the craniofacial experiments require primate models. Renewed interests in understanding the influence of septopremaxillary ligament resection on midfacial growth led to many in vitro experiments on animal models. Recently systematic review of relevant animal experiment is regarded as a prerequisite for the conduct of the new clinical trials. Despite this fact, the literature addressing this topic in humans and systematic review on the effect of the septopremaxillary ligament is scarce. The more recent studies show that the maxillary labial frenum encloses the septopremaxillary ligament and forms an important constituent of septopremaxillary traction system. The biomechanical force mediating through the septopremaxillary ligament, maxillary labial frenum and nasolabial muscles results in stimulating their effects on sagital growth of the maxilla. The main purpose of this review is to update and extend the knowledge of the role of septopremaxillary traction system on the midfacial growth by synthesizing the available literature involving the septopremaxillary ligament resection in experimental models. If this review could synthesize the results of relevant research, a change in the therapeutic notions can also be expected.

Bilateral cleft lip repair with simultaneous premaxillary setback and primary limited rhinoplasty / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: Functional closure of the orbicularis oris muscle and esthetic reconstruction of nasolabial components are impossible in patients with severely deformed premaxilla. Here, we review a surgical strategy for patients with unremedied premaxilla retrospectively. RESULTS: Vomerine ostectomy and premaxillary setback with nasolabial repair were performed in 12 patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate. The mean age of patients was 21.7 months. The extent of ostectomy varied between 3 and 11 mm. There were no serious complications from defective perfusion to the premaxilla or the philtral flap. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 25 months. Proper positioning of the premaxilla and satisfactory nasolabial esthetics were achieved in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: We performed nasolabial repair after premaxillary setback without jeopardizing the premaxillary segment or the philtral flap. Our surgical strategy could be recommended in poor socio-economic circumstances due to the cost effectiveness of limiting the number of surgeries.

Ridge Augmentation Using Vascularized Interpositional Periosteal- Connective Tissue (VIP-CT) in Conjunction with Anterior Implant Placement in Maxilla: Report of Three Cases / 대한치주과학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of augmentation of the alveolar ridge is to restore absorbed alveolar ridges for future implant site or esthetic prosthodontic restoration. The present clinical report describes the anterior maxillary augmentation cases using a soft tissue rotated palatal flap, and considers various problems of before and after surgery. Method: First & second patients were treated by vascularized interpositional periosteal-connective tissue(VIP-CT) flap for horizontal soft tissue augmentation. Especially second patient was progressed with bone grafting at the same time. Third patient was treated by the same flap with bone graft and implant placement in single tooth missing premaxillary area. RESULT: The obtained horizontal augmentation width measured 0.5~2.7 mm. CONCLUSION: This technique constitutes a viable approach for augmentation the anterior sector of alveolar ridge with the placement of dental implants. But it needs correct diagnosis preparation and careful surgery skill.

Redescrição e osteologia de Bryconamericus exodon Eigenmann, 1907 (Ostariophysi, Characiformes, Characidae) / Redescription and osteology of Bryconamericus exodon Eigenmann, 1907 (Ostariophysi, Characiformes, Characidae)

Apresenta-se a redescrição de Bryconamericus exodon Eigenmann (1907), espécie-tipo do gênero, uma descrição osteológica da espécie, uma comparação com outras espécies de Characiformes e comentários sobre seu relacionamento com outros caracídeos. Bryconamericus exodon é facilmente distinta de todas as demais espécies do gênero por possuir os lobos superior e inferior da nadadeira caudal castanho-escuros; aproxima-se das espécies de Bryconamericus com corpo alongado e baixo, menos de 30 por cento do comprimento padrão, boca terminal e dentes da série externa do pré-maxilar desalinhados. Compartilha com outros Characidae um palatino fenestrado, perfurado ou adelgaçado, em sua porção médio-anterior, e um pós-cleitro 3 alongado e com aproximadamente a mesma largura em toda sua extensão, sinapomorfias adicionais para os Characidae com ii, 8 raios na nadadeira dorsal e quatro dentes na série interna do pré-maxilar.

The redescription of B. exodon Eigenmann (1907), type species of Bryconamericus, an osteological description for the species, a comparison with other characiform fishes, and comments about its relationships among other characids are presented. Bryconamericus exodon is easily distinguished from other species in the genus by possessing upper and lower caudal-fin lobes dark brown; it is proximate to other Bryconamericus species that possess: an elongated and low body, its depth less than 30 percent of standard length, mouth terminal, and teeth of external premaxillary series not aligned. Furthermore it shares with other Characidae a palatine fenestrate, perforated or shallowed in its medial, anterior, portion, and a third postcleithrum elongated and equally wide along its entire length, character states proposed as additional synapomorphies for the characids with ii, 8 dorsal-fin rays and four teeth in the internal premaxillary series.