RESUMO
Objective:To analyze some problems identified in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in hospitals and put forward corresponding strategies in order to provide reference for other hospitals.Methods:This paper analyzes some problems identified in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in hospitals.Results:The common problems identified in the research include: too many steps in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, market information is asymmetry, there is also risks of leakage and infringement, lack of professional institutions and specialized talents. Several strategies to solve these problems were proposed.Conclusions:The management department needs to create a good external environment to adapt to the transformation of achievements. That is to integrate the intellectual property layout and the transformation of achievements; optimize the transformation model; implement the whole process of security supervision to protect the confidentiality; improve the construction of transformation platform; strengthen the construction of professional talent team. This can promote the "bench-to-bed" transition of medical scientific research, as well as assure the long-term development of scientific and technological innovation.
RESUMO
La sintomatología depresiva es frecuente en el embarazo y repercute en el posparto y en el vínculo madre-bebé. Se reportan los resultados de una intervención grupal de 5 sesiones para reducir la sintomatología depresiva y promover una adecuada sensibilidad materna. Participaron 134 embarazadas con antecedentes de depresión (grupo experimental = 88 y grupo control = 46). Se evaluó sintomatología depresiva (Inventario para la Depresión de Beck), resolución de problemas sociales (Inventario de Resolución de Problemas Sociales Abreviado), sensibilidad materna, cooperatividad infantil y riesgo vincular (Índice Experimental de Relación Niño-Adulto) en ambos grupos. Se observó una reducción significativa de la sintomatología depresiva, así como un incremento de las habilidades para la resolución de problemas sociales en el grupo intervenido. Este grupo muestra también puntajes significativamente mayores en sensibilidad materna y cooperatividad infantil, así como menores frecuencias de riesgo vincular en la evaluación postintervención. Se discute la relevancia de desarrollar estrategias de intervención durante el embarazo, considerando su impacto en la sensibilidad materna, en la calidad de las interacciones madre-bebé y en las habilidades de las madres para resolver problemas.
Depressive symptoms are frequently observed during pregnancy, and these affect the mother and her relationship with her baby during the post-partum period. Results are reported on a 5-session group intervention for reducing depressive symptoms and promoting maternal sensitivity. The participants included 134 pregnant women with a history of depression (experimental group = 46 and control group = 88). Depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), social problem-solving strategies (Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised), maternal sensitivity, infant cooperativeness and bonding risk (Child-Adult Relatinoship Experimental Index) were assessed in both groups. The group intervened showed a significant reduction of depressive symptoms and an improvement of social problem-solving strategies. This group also shows significantly higher scores in maternal sensitivity, and infant cooperativeness, as well as lower frequencies of bonding risk in the post-intervention assessment. The importance of considering intervention strategies during pregnancy, including its impact on maternal sensitivity, the quality of mother-baby interactions and the problem-solving abilities of the mothers, is discussed.
RESUMO
O estudo dos processos cognitivos complexos, nas quais se inclui a resolução de problemas, reveste-se de grande importância quando se reportam à construção de competências pelos estudantes do Ensino Superior Este estudo recorre a um design quase - experimental, com um grupo de estudantes submetidos a sessões de treino de resolução de problemas de matemática e um grupo de controle, no sentido de comparar as estratégias de resolução de problemas utilizadas por uns e por outros. A amostra é constituída por 72 estudantes a frequentar cursos de licenciatura. Os resultados mostram que as sessões de treino aumentam a rapidez da resolução e diminuem a existência de erros na mesma. No entanto, o contato prévio com problemas de natureza similar parece limitar os estudantes na escolha da estratégia de resolução a ser usada, o que diminui a eficácia da resposta em termos da utilização de alternativas de resolução mais diretas, intuitivas e rápidas de resolução dos problemas. São discutidas as implicações dos resultados encontrados, no que diz respeito à capacidade de transposição das estratégias de resolução a problemas congêneres
The study of complex cognitive processes, in which problem solving is included, is of great importance since they relate to building skills in college students. This study uses a quasi experimental design, with a group of students submitted to training sessions of problem solving in mathematics and a control group, to compare the problem solving strategies used by the two groups. The sample consists of 72 higher students.The results show that the training sessions increase the speed of resolution and decrease the existence of errors. However, previous contact with problems of a similar nature seems to limit the students in choosing the resolution strategy to use, which reduces the effectiveness of the response in terms of the use of a more direct, intuitive and fast resolution of the problems. The implications of the findings are discussed with regard to the capacity of transposing solving strategies to similar problems