NO/NOS system in prostate cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Via activating G-protein receptor transduction pathways,nitric oxide (NO),an important signal molecule,has a complex and diverse role which is closely related with activity and gene expression of nitric oxide synthetase (NOS).NO is involved in tumor related events such as cellular proliferation,migration,especially the angiogenic process,and it is closely related with the occurrence and progression of prostate cancer.NO donors and NOS inhibitors have anti-cancer and radio-chemotherapy enhancement roles.

Laparoendoscopic single-site radical prostatectomy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To verify the safety and feasibility of applying laparoendoscopic singlesite radical prostatectomy (LESS-LRP) in the treatment of prostate cancer. Methods From Sept. to Dec. 2010, LESS-LRP was used to treat 2 early stage prostate cancer patients. The LESS-LRP was preformed through extra-peritoneal approach by using standard laparoscopic instruments and a 5 mm flexible laparoscope. This technique were evaluated in respects of operative time, estimated blood loss, intraoperative complications, drainage time, post-operative pain score (VAPS), post-operative hospital stay, pathological results and post-operative PSA levels. Results All procedures of the 2cases were completed with LESS-LRP without conversion to standard laparoscopic or open radical prostatectomy. The operative times for LESS-LRP were 280 and 285 min, estimated blood loss were 400 and 200 ml, respectively. There was no severe intraoperative complication. The drainage times were 2 and 6 d, the VAPS in the first post-operative day were 1 and 0, and post-operative hospital stay were 14 and 7 d. There was no secondary bleeding or wound infection. The 2 prostate cancer cases were all in pathological stage pT2c N0 M0. Surgical margins of the specimens were negative. The first case showed PSA of 0. 033 ng/ml 1 month after the surgery. Conclusion LESS-LRP can be an exploratory option in clinical for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Radiation therapy 45 patients with prostate carcinoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the outcome , side effects and prognosis of prostate carcinoma treated with external radiotherapy. Methods From 1990 to 1999, a total of 45 prostate carcinoma patients were treated. Four cases were lost during follow up. Forty one patients underwent orchiectomy before radiation therapy , 29 received orchiectomy combined with hormone treatment. All patients received conventional radiation therapy with a median dose of 68.3 ?Gy (50.4 75.9?Gy), 1.8 2.0?Gy per fraction, five fractions weekly. Results The median follow up duration was 28 months (1 111 months). The overall 5 year survival was 76.4% and the 5 year disease specific survival was 76.5%. In terms of acute GI side effects, the frequencies of Grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ reactions were 53.5%, 7.0% and 9.3% while Grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ , acute GU side effects were 41.9% and 4.7%, respectively. For the long term deleterious effects,Grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ in GI late complications were 16.7% and 7.1% and the GU late morbidities of Grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ or Ⅲ were 23.8%, 4.8% and 2.4%, respectively. Regional lymph node metastasis was closely correlated with both overall survival (P= 0.002 ) and disease specific survival (P= 0.002 ). Multivariate analysis revealed, only regional lymph node metastasis was of prognostic value to predict the overall survival and disease specific survival. Conclusion The outcome of radiation therapy for patients with T 2 T 4 prostate carcinoma is satisfactory with the side effects tolerable to most patients.