Instrumentos actuales para la medición de la bipolaridad en la infancia y adolescencia: análisis de sus aspectos metodológicos / Current tools for the assessment of bipolarity in childhood and adolescence: analysis of methodological aspects

El siguiente artículo revisa los principales instrumentos psicométricos utilizados para la evaluación de sintomatología asociada al trastorno bipolar infantil (TBPI). Se efectúa una revisión de la metodología asociada a la construcción del Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School - Age Children (KSADS), la Escala de Manía de Young (Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS]) y del Child Mania Rating Scale (CMRS), analizando los indicadores y procedimientos estadísticos. Destacan las ventajas psicométricas del YMRS en el ámbito clínico y del CRMS en la investigación en torno a explorar el diagnóstico del trastorno bipolar en niños y adolescentes. Se discute la importancia de desarrollar investigación y trabajos que aborden el desarrollo de instrumentos para detectar sintomatología y epidemiología asociada a trastornos psiquiátricos, sobre todo para el caso del TBPI, cuya prevalencia en la población nacional es desconocida.

This paper reviews the main psychometric instruments used for assessment of symptoms associated with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). A thorough review of the methodological issues associated with the construction of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School - Age Children (KSADS), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Child Mania Rating Scale (CMRS), analyzing the indicators and statistical procedures. Highlights YMRS psychometric advantages in clinical contexts and CRMS in research, both around exploring the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. We discuss the importance of developing research and papers that address the development of tools to detect and symptoms associated with psychiatric epidemiology, especially in the case of PBD, whose prevalence in the national population is unknown.

Autoestima e autoconceito físico em adultos jovens: estudo exploratório com vista à validação da versão brasileira do physical self perception profile / Self-esteem and physical self in young adults: exploratory study for the validation of brazilian version of physical self perception profile

O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar as características psicométricas da versão Brasileira do Physical Self Perception Profile – o PSPPb – no que respeita à sua validade e fiabilidade, e ainda aferir a sua adequação para a administração generalizada no Brasil. Participaram do estudo 401 adultos (idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 60 anos), 201 do sexo feminino e 200 do sexo masculino, com média de 23,45 ± 6,1 anos e 25,55 ± 8,54 anos respectivamente. Foram seguidos procedimentos standard para a tradução e adaptação transcultural do instrumento. Os dados foram analisados com recurso à Análise Fatorial Exploratória e revelaram uma estrutura fatorial mais semelhante à descrita na versão original obtida na população americana e diferente da encontrada em Portugal com a versão Portuguesa (PSPPp). A estatística descritiva e as correlações existentes entre as diferentes escalas corroboram os resultados de estudos anteriores, tendo o PSPPb demonstrado boa consistência interna com valores de Alfa de Cronbach na sua maioria superiores a 0,75. Tais resultados demonstram boas evidências que apontam no sentido de uma potencial validação do PSPPb tendo por base o modelo original de quatro subescalas; no entanto, são necessários mais estudos, com outras amostras da população Brasileira, de modo a possibilitar uma análise mais aprofundada da sua validade fatorial antes que se possa recomendar a sua utilização plena.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Physical Self Perception Profile - the PSPPb - with respect to their validity and reliability, and also to assess their suitability for general administration in Brazil. The study involved 401 adults (aged 18 to 60 years), 201 female and 200 male, mean 23.45 ± 6.1 years and 25.55 ± 8.54 years respectively. We followed standard procedures for translation and cultural adaptation of the instrument. Data was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis that revealed a factor structure similar to the one described in the original version of the instrument with U.S. population and different from the one found with the Portuguese version (PSPPp) in Portugal. Descriptive statistics and correlations between the different scales corroborate results from previous studies, with PSPPb showing good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha values of Cronbach mostly above .75. The present study demonstrates good evidence pointing towards a potential validation PSPPb based on the original model of four subscales, however, more studies are needed with other samples of the Brazilian population, to enable further analyses of its factorial validity before being recommend for full use.

Caracterización psicométrica del psychopathy checklist: youth version (PCL:YV) en adolescentes chilenos / Psychometric characterization of the psychopathy checklist: youth version (PCL:YV) in Chilean adolescents

Esta investigación determinó las características psicométricas del Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV; Forth, Kosson & Hare, 2003) en una muestra de 30 adolescentes chilenos, varones, infractores de ley. El análisis de confiabilidad arrojó un alfa = 0.41 para la escala total e indicadores más elevados para sus cuatro facetas (alfa entre 0.53 y 0.76). La validez concurrente establecida en relación a las escalas del Inventario Clínico para Adolescentes de Millon (MACI; Millon, 1993) mostró relaciones significativas moderadas entre el puntaje total del PCL:YV y las escalas del MACI relacionadas con el constructo de psicopatía. Además, se evaluó su relación con dos escalas de psicopatía desarrolladas conceptualmente con ítems del MACI. Los resultados indican que el PCL:YV presenta indicadores de confiabilidad y validez suficientemente adecuados para continuar su estudio en muestras chilenas con el fin de utilizarlo, en un futuro cercano, en la toma de decisiones profesionales relativas a jóvenes infractores de ley.

This research was aimed to determine the psychometric characteristics of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV; Forth, Kosson & Hare, 2003) in a sample of 30 Chilean male, juvenile offenders. Reliability analysis showed an alpha = 0.41for the total scale and higher indexes for its four facets (alpha between 0.53 and 0.73). The concurrent validity with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI; Millon, 1993) showed significant associations among the total PCL:YV score and MACI scales related to the psychopathy construct. Besides, the association with two psychopathy scales that were conceptually developed by taking selected MACI items, was assessed. Results indicate that the PCL:YV presents reliability and validity indexes good enough to continue its study in Chilean samples to be use, in the near future, for taking professional decisions with relation to juvenile offenders.

IADL Indexs Used in Korea. Relationship Among Korean Version of Lawton IADL Index, Korean Version of Bathel ADL Index and K-IADL Index

BACKGROUND: The IADL indexes used in Korea were Korean version of Lawton Index(Lawton index), Korean instrumental activities of daily living index(K-IADL), Korean version of Bathel index(Bathel index). The purposes of this study are to compare the reliability, validity, distribution of these IADL indexes and examine the predicting ability of these measures to disability grading. METHODS: 147 patients with disability participated in the study. The patients were tested with Lawton index, K-IADL, Bathel index. The distribution, internal consistency, concurrent validity of each measures were examined. Predicting ability of these measures to disability grading was tested by comparing the mean of each measures according to Brain disability grading. RESULTS: Lawton index, K-IADL, Bathel index had acceptable and similar psychometric characteristics[high internal consistency(>0.8), high concurrent validity(Spearman's correlation coefficient, r&0.5; intraclass correlation coefficient >0.5)]. Each measures showed acceptable distribution, But K-IADL had right skewed distribution than other indexes. Predicting ability of these measures to disability grading was comparable among three IADL indexes CONCLUSION: Lawton index, K-IADL, Bathel index had acceptable and similar psychometric characteristics and discriminative ability to disability grading.