Ansiedad, Depresión y Adaptación Psicosocial en Pacientes Adultos con DM tipo 2 / Anxiety, Depression and Psychosocial Adaptation in Adult Patients with type 2 DM

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la presencia de síntomas de ansiedad, síntomas depresivos y la adaptación psicosocial a la enfermedad en personas con diagnóstico de DM2 que acuden a una unidad de primer nivel de atención en Tabasco, México. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional; muestra integrada por 103 adultos de 20 a 60 años, con diagnóstico de DMT2. Muestreo por conveniencia. Resultados: 32% presentó síntomas de ansiedad moderada y 68% síntomas leves; 90.3% refirió síntomas depresivos. Se halló una correlación negativa significativa entre síntomas de ansiedad y cuidado de la salud (p=<0.000) que sugiere entre más síntomas de ansiedad peor adaptación. Síntomas de ansiedad y ambiente laboral mostraron una correlación negativa y significativa (p=0.000), que sugiere peor adaptación a más síntomas ansiedad. En contraste, la correlación entre síntomas de depresión y ambiente laboral, mostró relación positiva y significativa (0.530, p=<0.000) que indica entre más síntomas de depresión peor es la adaptación. Conclusiones: Los participantes mostraron síntomas de ansiedad entre leve y moderada, alto porcentaje mostró síntomas de depresión moderada y alta. Los síntomas de ansiedad y cuidado de salud, mostraron correlación negativa, síntomas de depresión y ambiente laboral se correlacionaron de forma positiva. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones para los proveedores de cuidado de personas con DM2.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the relationship between the presence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms and psychosocial adaptation in people with a diagnosis of DM2 who attend a first level care unit in Tabasco, Mexico. Material and Methods: descriptive correlational study; sample made up of 103 adults between 20 and 60 years old, diagnosed with T2DM. Sampling for convenience. Results: 32% had moderate anxiety symptoms and 68% mild symptoms; 90.3% referred depressive symptoms. A significant negative correlation was found between anxiety symptoms and health care (p = <.000) that suggests the more anxiety symptoms the worse the adaptation. Symptoms of anxiety and work environment showed a negative and significant correlation (p = .000), which suggests worse adaptation to more anxiety symptoms, In contrast, the correlation between symptoms of depression and work environment, showed a positive and significant relationship (.530, p = <.000) which indicates the more depression symptoms the worse the adaptation. Conclusions: participants showed symptoms of anxiety between mild and moderate, a high percentage showed symptoms of moderate and high depression. Symptoms of anxiety and health care showed a negative correlation, symptoms of depression and work environment were positively correlated. These results have implications for caregivers of people with DM2

Influence of peer support education on psychological adaptation of breast cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the influence of peer support education on psychosocial adaptation and psychological distress of breast cancer patients.Methods:Using non-simultaneous experimental research methods, a total of 51 breast cancer patients admitted to the department of breast surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from June to August 2019 were selected as the control group, and 53 breast cancer patients admitted from September to December 2019 were selected as the intervention group. The control group received routine education, while the intervention group received peer education on the basis of routine education. After 4 months of intervention, the differences of psychosocial adaptation and psychological pain were compared between the two groups.Results:After 4 months of intervention, 49 cases in the control group and 51 cases in the intervention group completed the study. In the psychosocial adaptation scale, the scores of anxiety/depression, self-esteem, self-acceptance, self-control and self-efficacy belonging in the intervention group were (29.43±2.83), (32.08±3.07), (28.10±2.62), (28.08±3.27), (31.53±3.73) points, which were higher than (27.67±3.96), (30.14±2.54), (25.94±2.91), (25.16±2.95), (30.02±2.70) points in the control group after the intervention, and difference statistically significant ( t values were -4.680 to -2.312, P<0.05). The score of psychological pain in the intervention group (2.37±1.15) points was significantly lower than that in the control group (3.57±0.98) points, and difference was statistically significant ( t value was 4.867, P<0.05). The number of patients with mild and moderate psychological pain in the intervention group was 51 cases accounting for 100% (51/51), which was higher than 48 cases accounting for 98% (48/49) in the control group, and difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 12.272, P<0.05). Conclusions:Peer education can effectively improve the psychosocial adaptability of breast cancer patients and reduce their pain level.

Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on postoperative psychosocial adaptation in breast ;cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on postoperative psychosocial adaptation in breast cancer patients. Methods 120 breast cancer patients were divided into two groups by random number table:58 cases in the observation group and 62 cases in the control group. They all received routine nursing care and the observation group also received acceptance and commitment therapy intervention, including acceptance, cognitive diffusion,being present, self as context, values and committed action. Psychological and Social Adaptation Questionnaire for Breast Cancer Patient (PSAQ-B) was used to investigate their psychosocial adaptation before and after the intervention. Results The intervention group was observed in patients with anxiety/depression, self-esteem and self-acceptance, attitude, sense of belonging, self-control and self-efficacy score was respectively (30.14 ± 5.08), (31.68 ± 5.77), (30.03 ± 5.35), (33.68 ± 5.56), (32.86 ± 5.63) points, the control group were (23.75 ± 3.68), (28.87±4.86), (26.12 ± 4.53), (29.18 ± 5.26), (29.06 ± 4.75) points, the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (t = 6.016- 6.540, all P < 0.05). Conclusions Acceptance and commitment therapy can effectively improve the psychosocial adaptation status in breast cancer patients after surgery to help improve their quality of life.

Guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social al paciente con epilepsia / Good practice guidelines for the social and psychological care to the patient with epilepsy

En la actualidad cobra vital importancia la preparación y divulgación de guías o protocolos de intervenciones esenciales para la atención del paciente epiléptico en el primer nivel de atención, ya que con frecuencia estos pacientes son victimas de imprecisiones terapéuticas. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social de este paciente. Se realizó análisis de contenido de los reportes de investigaciones que sobre atención psicosocial al paciente con epilepsia se prepararon en Cuba entre 2004 y 2013. A partir de la evidencia valorada se elaboraron las guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social del paciente con epilepsia y en ellas se precisó la estructura asistencial y los recursos materiales necesarios, se describieron los procederes de actuación en orden cronológico: entrevistas clínico-psicológico y técnicas de evaluación psicológicas idóneas. Además se precisaron las especificidades para la atención clínico-psicológico al paciente con inadaptación psicosocial a la epilepsia y para la atención clínico-psicológica del paciente con epilepsia y trastornos emocionales asociados. Las guías aportan herramientas de trabajo para evitar la inadaptación psicosocial, los trastornos emocionales y la incapacidad para el autocuidado en pacientes con epilepsia(AU)

The preparation and dissemination of essential intervention guidelines or protocols for the care of patient with epilepsy at the first health care level is gaining importance, since these patients are frequent victims of therapeutic inaccuracies. The objective of this paper was to present good practice guidelines for the psychological and social care of this patient. A content analysis of the reports from research on this topic was made, which were made in Cuba from 2004 to 2013. On the basis of the assessed evidence, good practice guidelines were prepared for the social and psychological care of the patient with epilepsy. They detailed the assistance structure and the necessary material resources for adequate psychological and social care of this patient as well as the procedures of performance in a chronological order: clinical and psychological interview and ideal psychological evaluation techniques. Additionally, the specificities for the clinical and psychological care of the patient with faulty psychosocial adaptation to epilepsy and for the patient with epilepsy and associated emotional disorders were also specified. The guidelines provide working tools to avoid faulty psychosocial adaptation, emotional disorders and inability to self-care in epileptic patients(AU)

A Qualitative Approach of Psychosocial Adaptation Process in Patients Undergoing Long-term Hemodialysis

PURPOSE: Professional hemodialysis (HD) nursing tends to be task-oriented and lack consideration of the client's viewpoint. This study aims to interpret the process of psychosocial adaptation to dealing with HD in people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS: A grounded theory guided this study. Theoretical sampling included 15 people receiving HD at the HD center of a hospital from July to November 2010. Participants received an information sheet in writing, a verbal invitation, and informed consent forms before interviews were conducted. A constant comparative data analysis was analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. The computer software ATLAS.ti assisted data management. Credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability ensured the rigor of study process. RESULTS: This study identified "adopting life with hemodialysis", which captures the process of the psychosocial adaptation in people with ESRD as one transformation. Four categories that evolved from "adopting HD life" are (a) slipping into, (b) restricted to a renal world, (c) losing self control, and (d) stuck in an endless process. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this investigation indicate the multidimensional requirements of people receiving maintenance dialysis, with an emphasis on the deficiency in psychosocial and emotional care. The study's findings contribute to clinical practice by increasing the understanding of the experience of chronic HD treatment from the recipient's viewpoint. The better our understanding, the better the care provided will meet the needs of the people receiving HD.

Afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia / Family coping with epilepsy

Introducción: el afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia se refiere al comportamiento grupal relativamente estable que exhibe una familia ante la presencia de esta enfermedad en uno de sus integrantes. Objetivo: describir las características del afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia. Métodos: investigación descriptiva de corte transversal realizada en pacientes y familiares que acudieron a la consulta multidisciplinaria de epileptología del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana entre 2005 y 2007. Para la recogida de la información se aplicó al paciente la escala de historia familiar del Washington Psichosocial Inventory y la prueba de evaluación de las relaciones intrafamiliares. Se realizaron entrevistas no estructuradas a un informante clave del grupo familiar de convivencia del paciente. Resultados: a pesar de que la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados refirieron una adaptación familiar aceptable a su enfermedad, se obtuvo un predominio de familias disfuncionales. La categoría Valoración positiva de la sobreprotección familiarconstituyó el dato cualitativo de mayor relevancia en el análisis de contenido de las entrevistas con el informante clave del grupo familiar. Conclusiones: los pacientes epilépticos perciben la presencia de problemas en su historia familiar, aunque la atribución de significado varía entre un limitado y un claro impacto para la adaptación familiar, lo cual puede ser un indicativo de la idealización de la familia en la infancia. Las relaciones intrafamiliares de convivencia actual se perciben disfuncionales, lo cual se expresa a través de las dificultades en el cumplimiento de los roles, la armonía y la comunicación

Introduction: the family confrontation to the epilepsy refers to the group behavior relatively stable that exhibits a family in connection with the presence of this illness in one of its members. Objective: to describe the characteristics from the family coping with epilepsy. Methods: this is a descriptive investigation of traverse court in patients that suffer it assisted in the consultation multidisciplinary of Epileptology of the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana 2005-2007. For the collection of the information the Scale of Family History of Washington Psichosocial Inventory (HFS-WPSI) and the Test of evaluation of the relationships interfamily (FF-SIL) was applied to patients. We also apply the not structured interview to a key informant of the family group of the patient's coexistence. Results: although most of the studied patients referred a family acceptable adaptation to their illness, a prevalence of non functional families was obtained. The category positive Positive valuation of the family too much protection constituted the qualitative fact of more relevance in the analysis of content of the Interview to a key informant of the family group. Conclusions: the epileptic patients perceive the presence of problems in their family history, although the meaning attribution varies between a limited one and a clearing impact for the family adaptation, that which can be an indicative of the idealization of the family in the childhood. The relationships inside the family of current coexistence are perceived dysfunctional, what is expressed through the difficulties in the execution of the lists, the harmony and the communication

Development of the psychosocial adaptation questionnaire for breast cancer patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To develop a Chinese version questionnaire of psychosocial adaptation for breast cancer patients with good reliability and validity.Methods The preliminary questionnaire was formed by extensive literature review,semi-structured interview for 10 breast cancer patients and consultation for 4 experts.In order to analyze items and test reliability and validity,228 postoperative breast cancer patients were selected.Results Psychosocial adaptation questionnaire included 44 items and 5 dimensions.It had good content validity and construct validity.With the method of principle components analysis,and five factors were extracted,the cumulative contribution rate was 54.578％,loading for most factors was over 0.4.The result indicated that the structure of the questionnaire was similar to the theory construction.The criterion-related validity with self-rating anxiety scale,the general self-efficacy scale,and self-acceptance questionnaire was-0.757、0.505、0.691.Cronbach's α coefficient of the overall questionnaire was 0.945,retest correlation coefficient was 0.961.Conclusions The developed questionnaire showed good reliability and validity.It can objectively and effectively evaluate psychosocial adaptation of breast cancer patients,so it has practicality and popularization value.

Research development in impact of psychosocial adaptation on life quality of patients with visual impairment / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To understand the development of psychosocial adaptation and life quality of patients with visual impairment, as well as their relationship. Methods Researches about impact of psychosocial adaptation on life quality of patients with visual impairment underwent document retrieval and the results went through analysis. Results Cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration caused different degree of visual impairment, furthermore influence physical, psychosocial adaptation and life quality of these patients. Some scales were compiled by some scholars at home and abroad to evaluate the influence degree of these factors, but tools to test psychosocial adaptation lacked. Conclusions Researches on quality of life for a single eye impairment are more than those on the relationship between psychosocial adaptation and quality of life. At the same time, it is necessary to develop a tool to measure psychosocial adaptation of visual function impairment.

Health Problems and Psychosocial Adaptation of Children with Cancer / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe health problems and psychosocial adaptation in children with cancer and to determine the relationship between these two variables. METHOD: The data were collected from parents of 61 children with cancer, aged 4-11 years at one university hospital in Seoul. The instruments for this study were the Korea Child Behavior Check List (KCBCL) and a physical symptom checklist developed by the researchers. RESULT: The major health problems were coughing, sleeping disturbances, fatigue and weakness. The total behavior problem score for children in the cancer group was higher than the score for those in the norm group. The scores on the scales for withdrawal, somatic complaints, social immaturity, and internalizing problems were higher in the children with cancer compared to normative findings. Scores on social and school competence in the cancer group were lower than the norms for healthy children. The relationship between health problems and psychosocial adaptation was significant in the subscales of withdrawal, anxiety/depression, internalizing problems and social involvement in the off therapy group. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the various areas that need further study in caring for children with cancer.

Psychosocial Adaptation in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency / 대한소아내분비학회지

PURPOSE: Emotional and behavioral disturbances have been reported in severe short stature children. The purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial problems in children with Growth hormone deficiency(GHD), comparing with their normal height siblings. METHODS: Twenty three children with GHD(17 boys and 6 girls, mean age:13.1+/-2.8 yrs) were included. Their normal height siblings(8 boys and 2 girls, mean age:12.3+/-2.9 yrs) were included as control group. Parents of all participating children completed the Child Behavior Checklist. Patients 10 years and older completed the Youth Self Report. RESULTS: 1)Internalizing problem scores(somatic complaints, anxiety, depression, social incompetence) were higher in GHD compared to control group(49.0+/-15.0 vs 43.2+/-6.2, P<0.05). Externalizing problem scores and social competences were not different between GHD and control group. 2) Total problem scores in GHD were not different by sex. 3)Total problem scores were not different between idiopathic GHD and organic GHD. 4)Attention problems(r=0.45, P<0.05), delinquent behavior(r=0.49, P=0.01) and aggressive behavior(r=0.51, P<0.01) increased by age. 5)Height SDS negatively correlated with social problem(r=-0.47, P<0.05) and delinquent behavior(r=-0.61, P<0.01). Height SDS also negatively correlated with somatic complaints(r=-0.75, P<0.01), anxiety and depression(r=-0.66, P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Internalized problems such as somatic complaints, anxiety and depression were higher in GHD than control group. Behavioral problem scores were increased by age and behavioral problem scores were correlated with height deficit. When we treat GHD children, appropriate medical and psychological counseling should be included.

Effects of Sports Activity in Spinal Cord Injured Persons

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of regular sports activity on psychosocial adaptation, natural killer cell activity (NKCA) as an immunologic measure and HDL-cholesterol level as an indirect index of heart disease in chronic spinal cord injured persons. METHOD: We compared two groups. One is sports group (n=13) who has been doing regular sports activity more than three hours a week for at least one year. Another group who leads sedentary life matched age and body mass index served as a control group (n=13). For the evaluation of psychosocial adaptation, we assessed Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale as subjective measure, Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART) as objective measure and Symptom Checklist 90 Revision (SCL-90-R) as a psychologic evaluation. NKCA and serum HDL-cholesterol level were assessed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in subjective measure and psychologic evaluation between two groups. CHART score and NKCA are significantly higher in the sports group than in the control group (p<0.05). HDL cholesterol level was increased in the sports group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Participating in regular sports activity improved the psychosocial adaptation and immune system in chronic spinal cord injured persons.