Aspectos psicossociais dos adolescentes de Aracaju (SE) relacionados à percepção de saúde bucal / Psychosocial aspects of teenager in Aracaju, Sergipe State, related to oral health perception

O objetivo do estudo é investigar a autopercepção dos adolescentes, entre doze e dezenove anos, da cidade de Aracaju (SE), sobre sua própria saúde e relacioná-la aos aspectos psicossociais. Foi realizado um estudo qualiquantitativo de corte transversal com 247 adolescentes matriculados em instituições de ensino, públicas ou privadas, da zona urbana do município de Aracaju (SE). A maior parte dos adolescentes (85 por cento) se considera saudável, enquanto 9 por cento têm vergonha das condições bucais. Apesar de referida por 71 por cento dos escolares, a dor não foi o principal motivo para procura dos serviços odontológicos. Os indicadores subjetivos desta pesquisa podem ser utilizados para guiar programas voltados para a educação em saúde.

The objective of this article is to investigate the autoperception of teenagers, age range of 12 to 19 years old in Aracaju, Sergipe State, about their health and relate it with psychosocial aspects. The present work is a quali-quantitative study of transversal cut, carried through with 247 adolescents registered institutions of education, private or public, of the urban zone of the city of Aracaju. Most of the adolescents (85 percent) consider themselves healthful, while 9 percent have shame of the oral conditions. Seventy-one percent of the students referred to pain, however it wasn't the main cause to search dentistry services. The subjective pointers of this research may be used to guide programs directed toward education in health.

Psychosocial Adjustment of Low-Income Koreans with Cancer

PURPOSE: To describe psychosocial adjustment of low-income Koreans who have cancer. METHODS: Data were collected during 2008 using individual in-depth interviews with 18 Korean people with cancer. The income status of the participants was low, 11 were recipients of the National Basic Livelihood Protection program. Mean age was 58.3 yr and 11 were female. Five participants had stomach cancer, five, colorectal cancer, and four, breast cancer. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. RESULTS: The core category emerged as 'bearing up alone with double suffering'. 'Poverty and cancer: A double suffering' emerged as a causal condition. The adjustment process consisted of three stages: 'forming a treatment will to live' ,'practicing for the cure',and 'restructuring self and repaying favors'. Each stage indicated action-interaction strategies which were employed to bear up alone with double suffering during the illness process. Self-reflection, parental responsibility, and support from the public sector played important roles in overcoming the double suffering. Two types of consequences were identified: Transcended life and strained life suppressed by poverty and cancer. CONCLUSION: The results provide insights into the psychosocial adjustment process for low income Korean with cancer and can be used in developing and implementing efficient home-care services for these people.

Psychosocial aspects of childhood cancer survivors / 소아과

The majority of childhood cancer survivors and their families will be psychologically healthy, but may desire and benefit from preventive care. A significant portion of the survivor population will be psychosocially distressed in various aspects by their harsh experience of long cancer treatment, and may warrant professional intervention and treatment. Pediatricians should be aware of the late psychological effects that can occur a year or 2 after treatment, possibly in many aspects of a survivor's life. Not only the cancer diagnosis, but also treatments such as chemotherapy, irradiation, and surgical intervention may exert different long-term effects on the psychosocial outcomes of survivors. Pediatricians need to be more concerned with maintaining and improving the psychological health of this growing number of childhood cancer survivors through long-term follow-up clinics, community support, or self-help groups. Research on all of the psychosocial aspects of childhood cancer survivors is important to recognize the reality and problems they face in Korea.

Aspectos psicosociales en universitarias embarazadas / Psychosocial aspects regarding pregnant university students

Objetivo Determinar los aspectos psicosociales relacionados con el embarazo en estudiantes universitarias. Metodología A partir de la revisión de archivos y el muestreo intencional, se seleccionaron 68 estudiantes que tuvieron un embarazo adolescente. Mediante relatos de vida y entrevistas en profundidad se analizan las implicaciones del embarazo en la condición personal, familiar y académica. Resultados Durante el primer trimestre de embarazo, se generan crisis y ajustes en la estructura familiar y afectiva que culminan en la aceptación de la maternidad como proyecto de vida reproduciendo el estereotipo de madresolterismo. El acompañamiento de la pareja se da durante los primeros meses, seguido por abandono. Aunque prejuiciado, el apoyo de la comunidad universitaria incide en el interés por el desarrollo personal, académico y del bebé. Los servicios ofertados por la universidad, son poco utilizados aunque reconocen su importancia. Se consultan referentes especializados que asustan por su énfasis patológico, lo que conduce a informarse con fuentes familiares. La madre de la gestante es quién apoya permanentemente a su hija; no así el padre con quien, se presentan conflictos permanentes. Discusión Formar estudiantes integrales requiere programas que preparen responsablemente para la maternidad y paternidad. La prevención se traduce como promoción de vínculos afectivos saludables y el fortalecimiento en la comunicación familiar y social.

Objective Determining the subjective construction of psychosocial factors affecting pregnancy in adolescents in a sample of students. Methodology 68 students who had become pregnant during their adolescence were selected after reviewing their files and sampling by logical criteria. The implications of pregnancy on personal, family and academic conditions were analysed by means of life stories and in-depth interviews. Results Crises and adjustments appeared in family and affective structure during the first trimester of pregnancy which culminated in them accepting motherhood as part of their life project, thereby reproducing the single-mother stereotype. Accompaniment of the pair occurred mainly during the first months, followed by abandonment. Although prejudiced, the university community's support had a bearing on interest in personal and academic development and in the baby. Specialised referents were consulted which scared the girls due to their pathological emphasis, thereby leading to them consulting family sources. The pregnant girls' mothers provided ongoing support for their daughters; this was not true of the fathers with whom constant conflict was presented. The services offered by the university were little used even though their importance was recognised. Conclusions Forming integral students require programmes preparing students to be responsible for motherhood and fatherhood. Prevention was conveyed as promoting healthy affective links and strengthening family and social communication.

Psychosocial Aspects and Mental Health in Cancer Patients / 신경정신의학

Cancer patients suffer from significant psychological distress and considerable psychological morbidity throughout the course of their disease. The diagnosis of cancer, active treatment, palliative care and aftermath of cancer involve a long process of adaptation to multiple threats and stressful events. This review focused on psychosocial aspects of cancer, psychological reaction and adaptation of patients to cancer, psychological issues and psychiatric disorders in patients with cancer, and the need for screening of psychological distress at all stages of illness.