Asthma Attacks in Children—Challenges and Opportunities

Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood worldwide, and is responsible for signifcant morbidity and mortality in children and young people (CYP). Given the inherent dangers of a child experiencing even a single asthma attack, it is essential to identify and manage modifable risk factors at every clinical opportunity. Following an attack, there is an opportunity to prevent future attacks by assessing compliance and optimizing asthma control. Careful questioning will allow physicians to identify asthma triggers, barriers to good asthma control, and health beliefs or socioeconomic obstacles that may have contributed to this attack. The vast majority of children with asthma can achieve good symptom control with appropriate use of low-dose inhaled corticosteroids.

Indicadores de calidad para unidades de cuidados intensivos respiratorios / Quality indicators for respiratory intensive care units / Indicadores de qualidade para as unidades de terapia intensiva respiratórias

Resumen: Introducción: Existen indicadores de calidad tanto generales como específicos en medicina crítica. Los indicadores para procesos propios de unidades de cuidados intensivos respiratorios (UCIRs) son necesarios. Material y métodos: Un grupo de trabajo de las UCIRs de los servicios de tórax de los principales hospitales de tercer y cuarto nivel de atención sanitaria en México, siguiendo la metodología de los grupos de trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, Crítica y Unidades Coronarias y la Fundación Avedis-Donabedian, identificó aspectos relevantes del proceso del cuidado con relación a volumen, riesgo y complejidad, recabando información de 10 años de actividad asistencial para ser correlacionados y finalmente diseñar indicadores. Resultados: Con información de 2,776 pacientes atendidos del 1o de noviembre de 2009 al 1o de noviembre de 2019, se delimitó el campo de actuación con aspectos importantes como broncoscopia, neumonía, paciente inmunocomprometido, hemoptisis masiva, embolización de arterias bronquiales, cirugía de resección segmentaria/lobar o pulmonar, pleurocentesis y ultrasonido fueron identificados y correlacionados en consenso por el grupo de expertos, llevando al diseño de cuatro indicadores. Conclusiones: Este es el primer reporte de desarrollo de indicadores de calidad para UCIRs de servicios de tórax que servirán para la mejora de la calidad en este tipo de unidades.

Abstract: Introduction: There are both general and specific quality indicators in critical care medicine. Indicators for respiratory intensive care units (RICUs) processes are needed. Material and methods: Following the methodology of the working groups of the Spanish Society of Intensive, Critical Care and Coronary Units and the Avedis-Donabedian Foundation, a working group of the RICUs belonging to departments of chest medicine of the main hospitals of third and fourth level of care in Mexico identified relevant aspects of the care process in relation to volume, risk and complexity, collecting information from ten years of clinical activity to be correlated and finally to design indicators. Results: Delimitation of the field of action was made accounting with information on 2,776 patients treated from November 1, 2009 to November 1, 2019. Important aspects such as bronchoscopy, pneumonia, immunocompromised patient, massive hemoptysis, bronchial artery embolization, segmental/lobar or pulmonary resection surgery, thoracentesis and ultrasound were identified and correlated in consensus by the group of experts leading to the design of four indicators. Conclusions: This is the first report on the development of quality indicators for RICUs belonging to departments of chest medicine that will serve to improve quality in this type of units.

Resumo: Introdução: Existen indicadores de qualidade tanto gerais como específicos em medicina crítica. São necessários os indicadores para procesos própios das unidades de terapias intensivas respiratórias (UTIRs). Material e métodos: Um grupo de trabalho das UTIRs dos serviço de tórax dos principais hospitais de tercero e quarto níveis de atenção sanitária no México, seguindo a metodologia dos grupos de trabalho da Sociedade Espanhola de Terapia Intensiva, Crítica e Unidades Coronárias e a Fundação Avedis-Donabedian, identificou aspectos relevantes do processo de cuidado com relação ao volume, risco e complexidade, reunindo informações de 10 anos de atividade assistencial para ser correlacionada e, finalmente, desenhar indicadores. Resultados: Com informações de 2,776 pacientes atendidos de 1o de novembro de 2009 a 1o de novembro de 2019, o campo de atuação foi definido com aspectos importantes como broncoscopia, pneumonia, paciente imunocomprometido, hemoptise maciça, embolização de artérias brônquicas, cirurgia de ressecção segmentar/lobar ou pulmonar, pleurocentese e ultrassom foram identificados e correlacionados em consenso pelo grupo de especialistas, resultando no desenho de quatro indicadores. Conclusão: Este é o primeiro relatório de desenvolvimento de indicadores de qualidade para UTIRs do serviço de tórax que servirão para melhorar a qualidade neste tipo de unidade.

Recomendaciones para la realización de intervenciones pulmonares durante la pandemia COVID-19 / Recommendations for performing interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), is a pandemic disease declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). This disease reports a high risk of contagion, especially by the transmission of aerosols in health care workers. In this scenario, aerosol exposure is increased in various procedures related to the airway, lungs, and pleural space. For this reason, it is important to have recommendations that reduce the risk of exposure and infection with COVID-19. In this document, a team of international specialists in interventional pulmonology elaborated a series of recommendations, based on the available evidence to define the risk stratification, diagnostic methods and technical considerations on procedures such as bronchoscopy, tracheostomy, and pleural procedures among others. As well as the precautions to reduce the risk of contagion when carrying out pulmonary interventions.

Central Airway Obstruction Tumour Debulking Using Rigid Bronchoscopy and Cryotherapy: A Case Report

@#Sarcomas usually frequented in the head and neck region of young adults. Trachea is a rare site, and due to scarce clinical data, its clinical outcome is unclear. We reported a case of 60-year old patient presented with progressive worsening shortness of breath, cough, and progressive worsening dysphagia. Computer tomography scan revealed extensive 2 lobulated soft tissue lesions within and surrounding the trachea at the T4 level. Rigid bronchoscopy with mass cryo-debulking was performed and ultimately synovial sarcoma was diagnosed. Shortness of breath was completely relieved post-procedure.

Características de la implementación de un Comité de Recepción de Neumología Pediátrica en un prestador integral de salud de Montevideo / Characteristics of the implementation of a Pediatric Pneumology Reception Committee at a comprehensive health service provider in Montevideo / Caracteristicas da implementação de um Comitê de Recepção em Pneumologia Pediátrica num servico de saúde integral de Montevidéu

Resumen: Introducción: el rol del pediatra en el manejo integral del niño con patología respiratoria crónica es esencial. La interconsulta con el especialista es necesaria en casos seleccionados frente a dudas diagnósticas o formas graves, o de difícil tratamiento. La conformación de equipos que apliquen protocolos y realicen educación permite seleccionar aquellos pacientes que ameriten la atención por especialista. En base a estos criterios se implementó un Comité de Recepción de Neumología Pediátrica (CRNP) en un prestador integral de salud de Montevideo. Objetivo: describir la experiencia del CRNP entre el 1/10/17 y el 30/9/18. Material y método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Variables analizadas: edad, sexo, crecimiento, motivo de consulta, diagnóstico, severidad, factores de riesgo de muerte, comorbilidades, vacunas, conducta adoptada, hospitalizaciones pre y posintervención del CNRP. Resultados: fueron asistidos 306 niños; asmáticos 84%, sibilantes recurrentes 16%. Tenían < 3 años 16%, entre 3-9 años 53% y >10 años 31%. Presentaban comorbilidades 21%, predominando en los sibilantes recurrentes (p<0,05). El 18,5% tenía sobrepeso u obesidad. El motivo de consulta fue control 50%, dificultades diagnósticas 20% y dificultades terapéuticas 30%. Se observó asociación significativa entre asma severo y obesidad (p<0,05). El 3% se derivó a neumólogo pediatra y 35% a policlínica de educación. Presentaron hospitalizaciones 32%: previo a la consulta al CRNP 30% y posterior 2% (p<0,05). Conclusiones: patologías altamente prevalentes, como asma y sibilancias recurrentes, representan los principales motivos de derivación al especialista en neumología. El CRNP contribuyó al abordaje integral de estos pacientes y a racionalizar la derivación al especialista.

Summary: Introduction: pediatricians have an essential role in managing children with chronic respiratory disorders. Consultation with specialists is necessary in specific cases of uncertain diagnoses or in difficult to treat or severe cases. Protocol devising or training teams enable the selection of those requiring specialist care. Based on these criteria, a Pediatric Pneumology Reception Committee (PPRC) was created at a comprehensive health care provider in Montevideo. Objective: to describe the PPRC experience from 10/1/2017 to 09/30/2018 Materials and methods: descriptive, retrospective study. Variables: age, sex, growth, reason for consultation, diagnosis, severity, death risk factors, comorbidities, vaccines, behavioral response, hospitalizations before and after intervention of the PPRC. Results: 306 children received care: 84% had asthma, 16% recurrent wheezing. 16% were <3 years, 53% from 3 to 9 years of age, and 31% >10 years of age. 21% had co-morbidities, with a predominance of recurrent wheezing (p<0,05). 18.5% were overweight or obese. The reason for consultation was a regular check-up in 50% of the cases, diagnostic uncertainty in 20% and therapeutic difficulties in 30%. A significant association between severe asthma and obesity was found (p<0,05). 3% were sent to pediatric pneumologists and 35% to the educational outpatient clinic. 32% had been hospitalized: 30% before consulting the PPRC and 2% afterwards (p<0.05). Conclusions: highly prevalent pathologies, such as asthma and recurrent wheezing are the main causes of referrals to pneumologists. The PRCP contributed to a comprehensive approach to these patients and to more rational referrals to specialists.

Resumo: Introdução: o papel do pediatra no manejo integral de crianças com doença respiratória crônica é essencial. A interconsulta com o especialista é necessária em casos selecionados diante de dúvidas diagnósticas ou casos severos e/ou de difícil tratatmento. A formação de equipes, que apliquem protocolos e fornezcam educação, permite selecionar aqueles casos que merezcam atenção especializada. Baseados nesses critérios, implementamos um Comitê de Recepção de Pneumologia Pediátrica (CRNP) num provedor de saúde integral em Montevidéu. Objetivo: descrever a experiência do CRNP entre 1/10/17 e 30/09/18. Material e métodos: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo. Variáveis analisadas: idade, sexo, crescimento, motivo da consulta, diagnóstico, gravidade, fatores de risco para óbito, comorbidades, vacinas, comportamento adotado, hospitalizações antes e após a intervenção do CNRP. Resultados: 306 crianças foram atendidas: asmáticas 84%; 16% com sibilância recorrente. 16% tinham <3 anos de idade, 53% entre 3-9 anos de idade e 31% >10 anos. 21% apresentaram comorbidades, predominantemente sibilância recorrente (p <0,05). 18,5% apresentaram sobrepeso ou obesidade. O motivo da consulta foi 50% de controle, 20% devido a dificuldades diagnósticas e 30% devido a dificuldades terapêuticas. Observamos uma associação significativa entre asma grave e obesidade (p <0,05). 3% dos pacientes foram encaminhados para o pneumologista pediátrico e 35% para policlínica de educação. 32% foram hospitalizados: 30% antes da consulta do CRNP e 2% depois dela (p <0,05). Conclusões: as patologias de alta prevalência, como asma e sibilância recorrente, representam os principais motivos de encaminhamento ao especialista em pneumologia. O CRNP contribuiu para a abordagem integral desses pacientes e para racionalizar o encaminhamento ao especialista.

Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma (PSC) is a poorly differentiated NSCLC with sarcoma like differentiation (spindle/giant cell) or a component of sarcoma (malignant bone/cartilage/skeletal muscle). WHO grading 2015, classifies sarcomatoid ca into five histological types: pleomorphic carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma and pulmonary blastoma.

Calidad de la consulta médica en el consultorio externo de la Cátedra y Servicio de Neumología, FCM ­ UNA 2009 ­ 2011* / Quality of medical consultation in the outpatient Unit of Pneumology Department, FCM - UNA 2009 - 2011

Introducción: el consultorio externo de un servicio de neumología debería cumplir con dos requisitos indispensables y básicos para la buena y correcta atención médica del paciente ­ usuario. El objetivo fue determinar la calidad de la consulta médica del consultorio externo de la Cátedra y Servicio de Neumología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la UNA entre el 2009 y el 2011. Metodología: observacional, descriptivo con muestreo aleatorio estratificado. La evaluación global de la calidad se realiza con las cinco áreas del modelo DOPRI; es decir, demanda, oferta, proceso, resultado e impacto. Resultados: en la presente investigación hallamos que la calidad global de la atención médica del consultorio externo de la Cátedra y Servicio de Neumología es de 2,48; considerada como inadecuada o deficiente en los 3 años de estudios. Discusión: es importante reformular los Procesos y los Resultados para alcanzar un mejor Impacto y así mejorar la Calidad de la Consulta Médica del Consultorio Externo de la Cátedra y Servicio de Neumología con el objetivo de brindar la mejor atención a los pacientes ­ usuarios del servicio, y por sobre todo, siendo Hospital Escuela como lo es el Hospital de Clínicas

Introduction: The outpatient unit of a pulmonology service should comply with two essential and basic requirements for the good and correct patient care - patient. The objective was to determine the quality of the medical consultation of the outpatient unit of the Pneumology Department of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of Asunción between 2009 and 2011. Methodology: observational, descriptive with randomized stratified sampling. The overall quality assessment is carried out with the five areas of the DOPRI model; That is, demand, supply, process, result and impact. Results: in the present research, we find that the overall quality of the medical care of the outpatient unit of the Pneumology is 2.48; considered as inadequate or deficient in the 3 years of studies. Discussion: it is important to reformulate the Processes and Results to achieve a better Impact and thus improve the Quality of the Medical Consultation of the outpatient unit of the Pneumology Department with the aim of providing the best Attention to patients - users of the service, and above all, being Hospital Escuela as it is the Clinical Hospital

Bernard Soulier Syndrome; A Rare Bleeding Disorder

Bleeding syndromes in the newborn are rare, but they may be life-threatening and demand immediate attention. Congenital bleeding disorders especially pose a diagnostic challenge to the clinician because of their rarity and the need to be differentiated from the other common causes of bleeding in children. We present a case of an infant presenting with bleeding symptoms early in his life (since 5 months of age) which was initially thought to be immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with low platelet count. No response to steroids and further evaluation by platelet aggregometry and flowcytometry led to the correct diagnosis – Bernard soulier syndrome(BSS). Though, there is no specific treatment available for this rare bleeding disorder, however it is imperative to have arrived at correct diagnosis in order to save unnecessary therapy and to take due precautions for prevention of bleeding.

Rigid bronchoscopy in the real world: Controversies and thinking / 第二军医大学学报

Rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is one of the oldest bronchoscopic techniques. Since the advent of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in 1970s, usage frequency of RB procedures has rapidly decreased, which made many clinicians question its clinical value. However, the fact of prosperous“rigid hot”in China has appeared in the field of interventional pulmonology in recent years, which confused some pulmonologists-why does RB become hot in the field of interventional pulmonology domestically? what is the practical value of RB in the endoscopic procedures of modern respiratory diseases? how about the developing trend and application prospects of RB in future? This review summarized and discussed the existing debates as well as the latest progress on RB in clinical application, and put forward our views and opinions.

Role of Stress in Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing globally. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetes and hypertension, and lifestyle and clinical risk factor do not fully account for the link between the conditions. Objective: This study provides an overview of the evidences concerning the role of stressful life events as contributors of increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the population. Material and Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study comprising of 80 random cases of newly detected type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Strength of association with the outcome endurance of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with stress levels grouped as slight risk, moderate risk and at risk was evaluated and reported as RR (relative risk) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) x

A Study of Prevalence of Aerobic Bacteria and Fungi in Sputum Specimens of Patients with Post Tubercular Bronchiectasis

Background: Patients with Post TB bronchiectasis colonize many aerobic bacteria and fungi and lead to an increase in exacerbations and decrease in quality of life. Objective: To study the prevalence of aerobic bacteria and fungi in sputum specimens of patients with post tubercular bronchiectasis and to find out the local antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out over a period of one year comprising of 50 patients with post Tubercular Bronchiectasis who were above 18 yrs, completed ATT smear negative and HRCT showing bronchiectactic changes. Identification of organisms from sputum samples were done by classical aerobic microbial staining and culture methods. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out in this study. Results: This study comprises of the 50 patients with a larger group of individuals under the age group of 51-60 (30%), along with bronchial colonization of aerobic bacteria being 78% and growth of fungi being 2%.Among the 39 patients,16 patients (32%) had grown Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 12 patients(24%) had grown Klebsiella pneumoniae, 8 patients(16%) had grown Streptococcus species and rest 3 patients(6%) had grown staphylococcus species. The Antibiotic resistance noted highest being Amikacin (56.4%), piperacillin-tazobactam showing the least (2.6%) and highest sensitivity with imipenem(100%). Conclusion: This study signifies that prevalence of aerobic bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia was common in patients with post tubercular bronchiectasis. The Antibiotic resistance noted highest being Amikacin (56.4%) and sensitivity with imipenem(100%). In patients colonizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there was significant decline in lung function.

Amyloidosis Presenting as Severe Bleeding Diathesis

Bleeding is one of the rare presentations of Amyloidosis. The mechanism behind spontaneous or peri- interventional bleeding in patients of amyloidosis is complex and involves multiple co-existing factors like coagulation factor deficiency, abnormal synthesis of coagulation factors due to advanced liver dysfunction, acquired Von Willebrand disease, platelet dysfunction, amyloid angiopathy and other unknown mechanisms. We present a case of middle aged female, presenting with spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage, on further investigations was found to have systemic amyloidosis and secondary severe factor X deficiency (2.7 % of normal by one stage factor assay method). Factor X deficiency (both inherited and acquired) is known to present with the most severe bleeding phenotype. The management option for such acute spontaneous haemorrhage is limited and mostly supportive in nature. Definitive treatment is directed towards the primary pathology and requires chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Variations in the Number of Pulmonary Veins Draining into Left Atrium and its Clinical Significance

Pulmonary veins, normally two on each side bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium. During early embryonic life, absorption of pulmonary venous network by the left primitive atrial chamber results in opening of four pulmonary veins which drain independently into its chamber. The extent of absorption and hence, the number of pulmonary veins which open into left atrium may vary

To Compare the Efficacy and Complication of Nasal Prongs vs Nasal Mask CPAP in Neonates

CPAP refers to the application of positive pressure to the airway of a spontaneously breathing infant throughout the respiratory cycle

The standard operating techniques for diagnostic interventional pulmonology based on rapid on-site evaluation / 天津医药

With the organic combination of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) and interventional pulmonary diagnostic technology, we can build a complete The System of Diagnostic Interventional Pulmonology Based on Rapid on-site Evaluation. With the help of ROSE, changing the ways, methods and modalities of interventional pulmonary diagnostic technology to obtain the target lesions is the core of this system. In this statement, the most commonly used standard operating techniques in The System of Diagnostic Interventional Pulmonology Based on Rapid on-site Evaluation are described in detail, including double-hinge curette operating technique, transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) technique, and transbronchial brushing technique.

Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration technique guided by rapid on-site evaluation / 天津医药

Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), which has excellent sensitivity and specificity, is one of the key techniques of diagnostic interventional pulmonology. The conventional TBNA (C-TBNA) is routinely operated with ordinary bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. The efficacy of C-TBNA can be improved when rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is used during operating procedure. This paper describes technical essentials of ROSE-based C-TBNA.

Research on clinical application of navigation bronchoscopy system / 中国医学装备

Objective:To analyze the clinical application of navigation bronchoscopy system, and improve the accuracy during routine use.Methods:Through discussing ENB, System composition, clinical application and environment, the paper presents the clinical application standard and working environment standard of the navigation bronchoscopy system.Results:Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy(ENB) combined with the advantages of electromagnetic technology, virtual bronchoscopy and 3D CT reconstruction, which can perform the accurate localization of peripheral pulmonary lesion and mediastinal lymph node to acquire tissue samples for pathological diagnosis. ENB-guided localization can be used in interventional therapy(local injection or radioactive seed implantation).Conclusion:Navigation bronchoscopy system shows the merit of minimally invasive technique and medical visualization. It is a great progress in interventional pulmonology history.

The update of pediatric interventional pulmonology in China / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

With the rapid development of science and technology,respiratory endoscopy has entered the era of interventional pulmonology.Pediatric endoscopy in our country lags behind in the adult department.In recent years,pe diatric colleagues in China according to the characteristics of the pediatric pioneering the application of thermal ablation (electric coagulation,argon plasma coagulation,laser cutter);cryotherapy;balloon dilatation;tracheal stent were used in pediatrics.Application of new interventional techniques plays a revolutionary progress both in diagnosis and treatment on pediatric respiratory system infection,allergy,interstitial lung disease or in airway tumor,tuberculosis,trauma,airway stenosis caused by external pressure and congenital dysplasia.Pediatric endoscopy from the national level of management and standardization,and training will make our pediatric respiratory endoscopy more rapid and stable development.

Nuevos desafíos en broncoscopía pediátrica / New challenges on bronchoscopy for the pediatric pulmonologist

Flexible bronchoscopy imposes new challenges as a diagnostic and therapeutic routine procedure in pediatric respiratory disease especially in complicated patients. The development of new equipment with smaller diameter and better resolution has contributed to perform therapeutic procedures together with rigid bronchoscopy, not only for foreign body extraction. The same is occurring with the use of diagnostic imaging methods and endobronchial ultrasound in order in order tu study central airway compression. Other challenges include determining whether the pediatric pulmonologist should be trained both in rigid and flexible endoscopy; if these procedures are more accurate and safe only in tertiary reference centers; specifying whether these technologies are cost effective compared with diagnostic imaging techniques and virtual bronchoscopy.

La broncoscopía flexible impone nuevos desafíos como herramienta diagnóstica y terapéutica de uso rutinario en pacientes pediátricos cada vez más complejos. El desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías con equipos de diámetro cada vez más pequeño y de mejor resolución, la realización de procedimientos terapéuticos combinados con broncoscopía rígida y la complementariedad con métodos de diagnóstico por imágenes y ultrasonografía endobronquial, están en pleno desarrollo. Otros desafíos son definir si el neumólogo pediatra debe tener entrenamiento en técnicas de broncoscopía flexible y rígida, verificar si la realización de estos procedimientos endoscópicos es más rigurosa y segura en unidades terciarias, precisar si estas tecnologías son costo efectivas en relación a métodos de diagnóstico por imágenes y cuantificar en que magnitud los resultados obtenidos, modifican la conducta a seguir con el paciente.

The effect of sets and repetitions of the spirometer by flow in cardiorespiratory parameters / Efeito das séries e repetições do inspirômetro a fluxo nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios

Introduction The incentive spirometer helps pulmonary ventilation and the cardiorespiratory changes of its use are controversial. Objective To evaluate the effect of sets and repetitions on cardiorespiratory parameters using a spirometer alinear flow (SAF). The sample group consisted of 50 young people, healthy and sedentary. The evaluated parameters were: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic (DBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), minute volume (VE), tidal volume (VT), vital capacity (VC), maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax), maximal expiratory pressure (Pemax), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). The moments of study were: initial evaluations (M1); 3 sets of 10 repetitions using SAF (M2); 3 sets of 15 repetitions using SAF (M3); and final evaluation (M4). Statistical analysis was made by t test, ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05). Results SBP and HR decreased in M2 after the 2nd set. In the 3rd set, SBP and RR decreased. Comparing the initial and final variables in M2, SBP and RR decreased, and Pemax increased. After 1st set in M3, SBP and SaO2 decreased. The 2nd set: SBP, HR, RR, and SaO2 decreased. After the 3rd set: SBP, HR, SaO2, and RR decreased. Comparing the initial and final variables in M3, SBP, HR, RR decreased, and Pimax and Pemax increased. Comparing M4 to M1, Pimax, Pemax, and VC increased, and RR decreased. Conclusion There are changes in cardiorespiratory parameters after the use of a spirometer alinear flow, especially in the sets with more repetitions. .

Introdução Os incentivadores respiratórios auxiliam na ventilação pulmonar e as modificações cardiorrespiratórias mediante seu uso ainda são discutidas. Objetivo Avaliar efeito das séries e repetições com uso do inspirômetro alinear a fluxo (IAF) nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios. Materiais e métodos A amostra foi composta de 50 jovens, saudáveis e sedentários. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: pressão arterial (PA), frequência de pulso (FP), frequência respiratória (FR), saturação (SatO2), volume minuto (VM), volume corrente (VC), capacidade vital (CV), pressão inspiratória (Pimáx), pressão expiratória (Pemáx) e fluxometria. Os momentos foram: avaliações inicial (M1); uso do IAF em 3 séries de 10 repetições (M2); 3 séries de 15 repetições (M3); avaliação final (M4). A análise estatística se deu pelo teste “t” de Student, ANOVA e Teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Resultados No M2, após a 2ª série houve diminuição da PAS e FP; na 3ª série: diminuição da PAS e FR. Comparando as variáveis iniciais e finais do M2, houve diminuição da PAS e FR, e aumento da Pemáx. No M3, 1ª série, houve diminuição da PAS e SatO2. Na 2ª série: diminuição da PAS, FP, FR e SatO2. Após a 3ª série: diminuição da PAS, FP, SatO2 e FR. Comparando as variáveis iniciais e finais do M3, houve diminuição da PAS, FP, FR; aumento da Pimáx e Pemáx. Comparando M4 com M1, houve aumento da Pimáx e Pemáx, diminuição da FR e aumento da CV. Conclusão Há alterações nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios após utilização do IAF, principalmente ...