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Objective:To systematically sort out and cluster the existing indicators of key issues in the quality of postgraduate clinical degree education based on the bibliometric study, so as to build a multidimensional quality assessment index system that integrates scientificity, rationality and representativeness, and to provide a scientific measurement tool for assessing clinical professional postgraduate education in China.Methods:By mining the related functions of UCINET6 network analysis integration software and its one-dimensional and two-dimensional data analysis NetDraw program, the social network analysis (SNA) method was used to extract and cluster the education quality problem set of clinical professional degree postgraduates.Results:A three-dimensional evaluation index system was constructed. The first dimension concluded such 8 key issues in the quality of postgraduate education in clinical medicine as ability assessment, teaching system, teaching quality assurance system, professional cognition and career prospects, assessment and evaluation system and organization, and the pulse taking and diagnosis.Conclusion:The clinical graduate education quality evaluation index system is an effective measurement tool for education quality improvement, based on a multidimensional perspective, with key issues as priority areas for intervention, providing an effective evidence-based basis for ensuring the development of professional graduate education efforts from 2020-2025.
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Objective: To prepare standard decoction of Alismatis Rhizoma (AR) and establish its quality evaluation system, and provide reference for the development of dispensing granules of AR. Methods: A total of 18 batches of AR decoction pieces were collected to prepare standard decoction of AR according to the standard process. Quality evaluation system of standard decoction of AR was established with pH value, dry extract rate, fingerprint similarity and transfer rate of alisol B 23-acetate as indexes. Results: The mass fraction of alisol B 23-acetate in AR decoction pieces was 0.057%—0.267% with the average value of 0.156%, water content was 9.2%—12.8% with the average value of 10.44%; the pH value of standard decoction of AR was 4.11—5.60, dry extract rate was 10.25%—17.09%; transfer rate of alisol B 23-acetate from decoction pieces to standard decoction was 10.49%—17.49%. Conclusion: The established quality evaluation method is stable and feasible, which is suitable for the development and quality evaluation of standard decoction of AR, which can provide reference for the development of dispensing granules of AR and related classic formulas.
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Lyotropic liquid crystal is an ordered system with various geometric shapes or three-dimensional structures formed by the interaction of amphiphilic molecules dissolved in polar solvents, and has the characteristics of excellent drug applicability, high drug loading, good bioadhesive property and high transdermal permeability. Through a comprehensive analysis of the research results in this research group and the related research reports of LLC drug delivery system, the authors systematically discussed the research value, development potential and research status of LLC in the field of new drug delivery system of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), especially in the percutaneous and mucosal drug delivery system and the oral microparticle drug delivery system of TCM. At the same time, due to the current research field of TCM-LLC drug delivery system starts late, many of the basic research problems to be further perfect, this paper had carried on the induction summary to these problems, and put forward the research countermeasures:①the basic research of TCM-LLC drug delivery system should be strengthened by referencing the research experience and methods of LLC drug delivery system of single chemical component combined with TCM characteristics, ②the research on the release mechanism of the chemical components in TCM should be strengthened, and the basic research on the LLC drug delivery system of synchronized sustained release TCM should be carried out, ③development of new LLC materials applicable to TCM, ④the quality evaluation system of TCM-LLC should be improved, ⑤to explore the LLC preparation process suitable for industrialization.
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Objective: HPLC-MS was used to analyze the characteristic constituent of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, providing basis for the establishment of quality evaluation system of agarwood. Methods: The analysis was carried out on a Dionex-Acclaim 120 C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water-acetic acid (1000.5) with the flow rate of 0.4 mL/min at 254 nm, and the separation was performed at 26 ℃. MS experiments were performed using an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry mainly in positive-ion mode. The cluster analysis was performed by SPSS software. Results: A total of 14 common peaks of flidersia chromones were characterized by HPLC-MS analysis, and seven of them were identified by comparing their retention times and MS spectra with reference compounds. The 10 batch of samples were divided into five categories by cluster analysis. The result indicated that great difference existed between agarwood produced from living tree and dead tree, and the relationship between constituent and production place of “Huang-Shu” agarwood was obvious. Conclusion: The analytical method for common flidersia chromones established in this paper could be used to evaluate the quality of agarwood.
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The quality control of Chinese materia medica (CMM) has been the focus of CMM modernization, and how to demonstrate the consistency of product quality and clinical efficacy has become an important research aspect of development and innovation of CMM. Due to the heterogeneity of CMM, it is necessary to combine biopotency with other detection methods to guarantee the quality of medicines. This article reviewed the research status of CMM biopotency, analyzed the global local government regulations about biopotency and the difficulties of development in CMM, and discussed development ideas of biopotency based on PK-PD for CMM. Its main aim is to provide reference for the construction of the follow-up quality evaluation system, and to promote recognition from the international drug administration management on CMM quality standard.
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Objective To establish a medical quality evaluation system for gynecology wards in specialized gynecology hospitals by means of DRGs. Methods DRGs method was used to adjust risks of the information of gynecology inpatients discharged in 2016. On such basis, the medical quality evaluation system was built on the three dimensions of medical ability, medical efficiency and medical safety, while a general scoring was obtained by multiplying the scoring of the dimension with its respective weighting coefficients. Results The general scoring of the 10 wards ranged between 0. 89-1. 08, averaging 0. 99. That of Ward B ranked the highest, and Ward I the lowest of the ten. The medical ability scoring ranged between 0. 87-1. 12, averaging 1. 00;That of Ward B ranked the highest,and Ward I the lowest of the ten. Medical efficiency scoring ranged between 0. 93 -1. 23, averaging 1. 00;That of Ward J ranked the highest,and Ward E the lowest of the ten. Safety scoring ranged between 0. 89-0. 99, averaging 0. 94; That of Ward F ranked the highest, and Ward A the lowest of the ten. Conclusions The medical quality evaluation system based on DRGs can effectively evaluate wards of a gynecology department, supporting their fine management.
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Objective To establish a medical quality evaluation system for gynecology wards in specialized gynecology hospitals by means of DRGs. Methods DRGs method was used to adjust risks of the information of gynecology inpatients discharged in 2016. On such basis, the medical quality evaluation system was built on the three dimensions of medical ability, medical efficiency and medical safety, while a general scoring was obtained by multiplying the scoring of the dimension with its respective weighting coefficients. Results The general scoring of the 10 wards ranged between 0. 89-1. 08, averaging 0. 99. That of Ward B ranked the highest, and Ward I the lowest of the ten. The medical ability scoring ranged between 0. 87-1. 12, averaging 1. 00;That of Ward B ranked the highest,and Ward I the lowest of the ten. Medical efficiency scoring ranged between 0. 93 -1. 23, averaging 1. 00;That of Ward J ranked the highest,and Ward E the lowest of the ten. Safety scoring ranged between 0. 89-0. 99, averaging 0. 94; That of Ward F ranked the highest, and Ward A the lowest of the ten. Conclusions The medical quality evaluation system based on DRGs can effectively evaluate wards of a gynecology department, supporting their fine management.
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Objective: To form the evaluation system of Astragali Radix by chemometrics. Methods: To establish the characteristic chromatogram for Astragali Radix with 20 samples from different regions and to analyze the methods data by principal components analysis and cluster analysis. Results: There is significant difference in the content of astragaloside I, IV, formononetin, and z6, z7 (unknown components) among the 17 characteristic components. And these components can be the critical index to distinguish the origin. Conclusion: It is a sensitivity evaluation system for the quality control of Astragali Radix.
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Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Yangyin Qingfei Syrup (YQS), to discuss the differences among the samples from different manufactories and different batches from the same manufactory, and to lay a foundation for optimizing the quality evaluation system. Methods: HPLC was used with Agilent TC-18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), gradient eluted with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid. The detection wavelength was 254 nm, column temperature was 30 °C, and flow rate was 0.8 mL/min. Results: The HPLC fingerprint of YQS was established, and 23 common peaks were marked. Obvious differences of similarity and qualities from the different manufactories were observed, and the similarity and qualities from the same manufactory were found to be stable. The 11 samples from the different manufactories were classified into four clusters by cluster analysis. Conclusion: The quality of YQS from the different manufactories is obviously different. It is necessary to establish a comprehensive quality evaluation system for YQS.