RESUMO
Introducción: La radioterapia externa con dosis altas, ha incrementado el efecto terapéutico en Gliomas Anaplásicos. El propósito de nuestro estudio fue demostrar la eficacia de la radioterapia conformada tridimensional con altas dosis en estos pacientes. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo-prospectivo y descriptivo realizado en 45 pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de Glioma de alto grado supratentorial, índice de Karnofsky ≥ 70, sin previa quimioterapia o inmunoterapia; con exéresis quirúrgica y radioterapia postoperatoria estándar bidimensional óconformada tridimensional en el Instituto de Oncología de Cuba del 2004-2007. Se excluyeron los casos no operados. Se utilizó Kaplan Meier y regresión de Cox entre las variables. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 55 años, relación sexo hombre/mujer fue 27/18 y el Glioblastoma resultóla histología más frecuente. Predominóla exéresis subtotal del tumor y radioterapia postoperatoria con dosis entre 60-70 Gy. La supervivencia fue mayor en pacientes con mejor pronóstico, resección tumoral total y radioterapia con altas dosis. La supervivencia global fue de 13 meses y la media (Kaplan-Meier) fue significativamente mejor en los pacientes con dosis altas de radioterapia tridimensional (16 vs 9 meses) P<0.001. La supervivencia a 1 y 2 años, fue del 51 % y 28 % respectivamente en el grupo de altas dosis, asícomo del 28% y 16% respectivamente en el grupo de dosis estándar, sin evidenciarse un incremento en las toxicidades. Conclusiones: La intensificación de la radioterapia local con escalada de dosis es recomendable para los pacientes con Gliomas de alto grado y factores pronósticos favorables
Introduction: High-dose with external beam radiotherapy has been shown to enhance the radiation effect in anaplastic gliomas. The aim of this trial is to report on the efficacy of 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for patients with intracranial malignant gliomas. Methods: A retrospective-prospective and descriptive study was made from 45 patients with supratentorial high-grade gliomas,Karnofsky performance scale ≥ 70, no previous chemotherapy/ immunotherapy treatment, who received postoperative 2D standard or 3D-CRTat the Oncology Institute of Cuba from 2004-2007. Results: The median age of patients was 55 years, gender (M/F:27/18). Glioblastoma histology, subtotal resection, and postoperative radiotherapy (60-70Gy) were the most frequently. The survival time was much better in patients who were better prognosis, gross total resection and high-dose 3D-CRT postoperatively .The overall survival was 13 months and the estimated median survival (Kaplan-Meier) was better in high-dose group (16 vs 9 months), and the 1 and 2 yearssurvival rates were 51% & 28%, respectively for 3D-CRT group; and 28% & 16% for 2D-RT. No significant treatment toxicities were observed. Conclusions: Intensification of local radiotherapy with dose escalation is feasible for patients with high-grade gliomas and good prognostic factors.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central , Glioma , Segunda Neoplasia Primária , Invasividade NeoplásicaRESUMO
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the rectal volume influence on prostate motion during three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients with prostate cancer underwent a series of three computed tomography scans including an initial planning scan and two subsequent scans during 3D-CRT. The organs of interest were outlined. The prostate contour was compared with the initial CT images considering the anterior, posterior, superior, inferior and lateral edges of the organ. Variations in the anterior limits and volume of the rectum were assessed and correlated with prostate motion in the anteroposterior direction. Results: The maximum range of prostate motion was observed in the superoinferior direction, followed by the anteroposterior direction. A significant correlation was observed between prostate motion and rectal volume variation ( p = 0.037). A baseline rectal volume superior to 70 cm3 had a significant influence on the prostate motion in the anteroposterior direction ( p = 0.045). Conclusion: The present study showed a significant interfraction motion of the prostate during 3D-CRT with greatest variations in the superoinferior and anteroposterior directions, and that a large rectal volume influences the prostate motion with a cutoff value of 70 cm3. Therefore, the treatment of patients with a rectal volume > 70 cm3 should be re-planned with appropriate rectal preparation.
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do volume retal na movimentação da próstata durante a radioterapia tridimensional conformacional (3D-CRT) para câncer de próstata. Materiais e Métodos: Cinquenta e um pacientes com câncer de próstata foram submetidos a três tomografias seriadas, sendo a primeira de planejamento e duas durante a 3D-CRT. Os órgãos de interesse foram delineados. O contorno da próstata foi comparado ao exame inicial em relação aos seus limites anterior, posterior, superior, inferior e laterais. As variações dos limites anterior do reto e de seu volume foram avaliadas e correlacionadas à movimentação da próstata no sentido anteroposterior. Resultados: As maiores variações na próstata foram observadas no sentido superoinferior, seguido pelo anteroposterior. Observou-se correlação significante da movimentação da próstata com a variação do volume do reto ( p = 0,037). O volume retal inicial superior a 70 cm3 influenciou significativamente na maior movimentação da próstata no sentido anteroposterior ( p = 0,045). Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou que a próstata apresenta significativa movimentação interfração durante a 3D-CRT, apresentando maiores variações nos sentidos superoinferior e anteroposterior, e que um volume retal inicial superior a 70 cm3 influencia na movimentação da próstata. Desta forma, os pacientes com volume retal superior a 70 cm3 devem ser replanejados com preparo retal adequado.