Implications of Various Establishment Methods and Nutrient Management Practices on the Growth and Yield of Rice in the North Western Himalayan Region

Aim: For more than half of the world's population, rice is the primary staple food. The traditional method of producing rice uses a lot of water, requires a lot of labor, and is bad for the health of the soil and the environment. Additionally, an unbalanced nutrient supply causes plants to grow and develop slowly, the soil to deteriorate, and the environment to suffer. To know the effect of rice establishment and nutrient management on rice a field study was conducted at SKUAST-Jammu.Methodology: In a split plot design with three replications, the field experiment was carried out with the rice variety Pusa-1121 using 3 establishment methods (system of rice intensification, conventional, and mechanical) and 6 nutrient management practices (100% RDF inorganic, 75% RDF inorganic, 125% RDF inorganic, 50% inorganic + 50% organic, 75% inorganic + 25% organic, and 100% organic manures with FYM).Results: Among the nutrient management, 125% RDF gives the highest yield and B:C ratio of the rice crop during both years, according to the results. The highest yield was found in SRI crop establishment method, which also has the highest B:C ratio among all crop establishment methods.Conclusion: In terms of productivity, soil studies and profitability, the es­tablishment of rice by the system of rice intensification (SRI) technique in combination with 125% RDF inorganic approach was found to be superior to the other treatments.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economics of Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Long term study on different crops indicated that application of balanced NPK fertilizer couldn’t meet higher yield due to poor physical properties and micronutrient deficiencies. Keeping in view to the above concept a experiment entitled “Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)” was conducted at post graduate experimental farm of M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi during the rabi season, 2022. The experimental soil was sandy loam with low in available nitrogen and medium in phosphorus and potassium. The experimental design was randomized block design, which consists of 10 numbers of treatments as different combinations of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) and farmyard manure (FYM), each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments are T­1: Control, T2: 50% RDF, T3: 75%RDF, T4: 100%RDF, T5: 50%RDF+5t FYM ha-1, T6: 50% RDF + 10t FYM ha-1, T7: 75% RDF + 5t FYM ha-1, T8: 75%RDF+10t FYM ha-1, T9: 100%RDF + 5t FYM ha-1, T10: 100%RDF + 10t FYM ha-1. Among all the treatments significantly highest growth, yield attributes and nutrient uptake were recorded from the treatment 100% RDF + 10t FYM ha-1(T10). Application of 100% RDF + 10t FYM ha-1 recorded highest sorghum grain yield (2416 kg ha-1) and gross return (?85108/- ha-1). However, maximum net return (?48010/- ha-1) was recorded from 100%RDF + 5t FYM ha-1 but B:C ratio (1.49) from 75%RDF.

Effect of Growth Enhancer on Growth and Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.)

The experiment was conducted during Rabi 2021 at Zonal Agricultural Research. Station, GKVK, Bangalore to study the efficacy of a Growth Enhancer (GE) as a foliar nutrient source for enhancing maize growth and yield. The field investigation was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having eleven. treatments viz., T1: GE 10.0 ml per litre + 50 % RDF, T2: GE 10.0 ml per litre + 75 % RDF, T3: GE 10.0 ml per litre + 100 % RDF, T4: GE 20.0 ml per litre + 50 % RDF, T5: GE 20.0 ml per litre + 75 % RDF, T6: GE 20.0 ml per litre + 100 % RDF, T7: Urea spray - 0.5 % + 100 % RDF, T8: Nano N two sprays at 30 and 60 DAS + 50% RDN and 100% P&K, T9: Nano N & P two sprays at 30 and 60 DAS + 50% RDNP and 100% K, T10: RDF with FYM, and T11: Only RDF with three replications. The results of the study revealed that among different treatments application of growth enhancer 20 ml per litre of water with 100 % RDF was recorded a significantly higher plant height, dry matter accumulation in leaves, stem, cob and total dry matter accumulation, cob length, cob girth,, number of kernels cob-1 and weight of kernels cob-1, kernel and stover yield in comparison to all other treatments. Similarly higher gross returns, net returns and benefit cost ratio were obtained with the application of GE 20.0 ml per litre + 100 % RDF.

Study on Different Sources of Organic Manures in Comparison with RDF on Growth and Yield of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2022 at Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Division of Agronomy, Coimbatore, to study the different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF on growth and yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with eight treatments and replicated thrice. The treatment consisted of T1 - Absolute control, T2 - RDF 100% (Inorganic), T3 - Vermicompost 100% on N equivalent basis, T4 - Farmyard manure 100% on N equivalent basis, T5 - Farmyard manure 50% + Vermicompost 50%, T6 - RDF 50% + Farmyard manure 50%, T7 - RDF 50% + Vermicompost 50%, T8 - RDF 50% + Farmyard manure 25% + Vermicompost 25%. Therefore from this experiment the results concluded that application of RDF 100% (Inorganic) significantly recorded maximum plant height (228.76 cm), total dry matter production (13485 kg ha-1), leaf area index (LAI) (5.80), chlorophyll content (SPAD) (37.89), grain yield (3770 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6600 kg ha-1) respectively.

Influence of Vermicompost and Foliar Applications on Growth, Physiological and Yield Parameters of Irrigated Blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)

Field experiments were conducted at the South farm in Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Division of Agronomy, Coimbatore, during the Rabi season of 2022. The experimental site is situated in the western agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu, at a latitude of 10°56'N and longitude of 76°44'E, with an elevation of 474 meters above mean sea level. The soil composition of the experimental field was identified as clay loam, moderately drained, and exhibited low availability of nitrogen (202 kg/ha), high availability of phosphorus (12.3 kg/ha), medium availability of potassium (415 kg/ha), and organic carbon content of 0.51%. The experiment followed a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 treatment groups, each replicated three times viz.,T1 - Control, T2 - Vermicompost 100% (on N Equivalent basis)+ Cowdung slurry, T3 -Vermicompost100% (on N Equivalent basis)+TNAU Biomineralizer,T4 -Vermicompost100% (on N Equivalent basis) + (Effective microorganism),T5 - Vermicompost 100% (on N Equivalent basis) + Pleurotus sp + Urea, T6- Vermicompost (50%) +RDF (50%) + Cowdung slurry, T7- Vermicompost (50%) +RDF (50%) + TNAU Biomineralizer, T8 -Vermicompost (50%) + RDF (50%) + EM (Effective Microorganism),T9 -Vermicompost (50%) + RDF (50%) + Pleurotus sp ,T10 - RDF alone. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of vermicompost and other foliar applications on the growth, physiological characteristics, and yield parameters of an irrigated Black gram (VBN8 variety). The promotion of yield can be attributed to the increased vegetative growth and the balanced carbon-to-nitrogen (C: N) ratio, which likely stimulated the synthesis of carbohydrates. This, in turn, facilitated the overall improvement in seed yield. The application of RDF played a significant role in enhancing growth, leading to various positive changes in yield-related characteristics. Ultimately, the increased seed yield observed can be largely attributed to the improved plant growth and subsequent positive effects on yield-related attributes resulting from the RDF application. Thus, From this Experiment it was Concluded that the RDF (T10) Shows a highest range in growth, physiological and yield parameters of irrigated Blackgram due.

Growth, Yield and Economics of Irrigated Green Gram (Vigna radiata .L) as Influenced by Inorganic Fertilizer and Various Organic Inputs

A field experiment was conducted at agronomy research farm of Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore during rabi season 2022 in order to look into the influence by inorganic fertilizer and various organic inputs on the crop growth and yield compared to organic fertilizer in greengram under irrigation. The experiment comprised of ten treatments viz. T1 : Absolute control, T2 : Vermicompost 100% + 2% Cowdung slurry, T3 : Vermicompost 100% + 2% biomineralizer,T4 : Vermicompost 100% + 2% EM solution, T5 : Vermicompost 100% + 2% pleurotus sp, T6 : Vermicompost 50% + RDF 50% + 2% Cowdung slurry, T7 : Vermicompost 50% + RDF 50% + 2% biomineralizer, T8 : Vermicompost 50% + RDF 50% + EM solution, T9 : Vermicompost 50% + RDF 50% + pleurotus sp and T10 : RDF alone were arranged in Randomized Block Design and replicated three times. Data was collected in 20, 40 DAS and at harvest stage of greengram crop. Results in all the growth parameters, yield and its attributes and economics had a significant influence under the inorganic fertilizer (100% RDF). The plant height (65.8 cm), dry matter accumulation (3871 kg ha-1) and number of pods/plant (12.32), number of grains/pod (7.2), grain yield (981 kg ha -1), haulm yield (2538 kg ha -1) of greengram were recorded in T10. On the basis of economics, the maximum gross returns (Rs.68670 ha -1), net returns (Rs. 39441 ha -1) and B: C ratio (2.34) was recorded under treatment (100% RDF).

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Irrigated Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of integrated nutrient management on the growth and yield of irrigated black gram. Pulses are also known as food legumes and they are second only to cereals in terms of production and consumption in India. A field experiment was carried out at Research Farm of Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu during rabi season, (2022-2023) to Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on growth and yield of irrigated blackgram crop with seven treatments and three replications under Randomized block design (RBD). The results indicated that the treatment with 50% RDF + 25% farmyard manure (FYM) + 25% Vermicompost (T7) performed well among all the treatments and recorded higher plant height (36.73cm), total dry matter production (2325 kg ha-1), grain yield (930 kg ha-1), stover yield ( 1395 kg ha-1), number of pods (20.65). The net return (25892 Rs ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.88) was recorded higher in 100% RDF.

Study of Different Sources of Organic Manures in Comparison with RDF on Growth and Yield of Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the different sources of organic manures in comparison with recommended dose fertilizer (RDF) on greengram at South farm, Karunya Institute of Technology and Science, Coimbatore, India. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice during kharif and rabi seasons of 2022. The field study comprised of nine treatments, two organic treatments with sole organic manures at 100% on N equivalent basis (vermicompost, farmyard manure) another three treatments consisted of 25%, 50% and 75% combination of each manure. These two organic manures (vermicompost, farmyard manure) were combined with 50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers (12.5:25:12.5 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1) as a combination of organic and inorganic treatments and one sole 100% inorganic treatment through inorganic fertilizer (25:50:25 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1). A control treatment was maintained in the layout to compare the performance of all the treatments. The results showed that among the different combinations of organic and inorganic treatments, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer through inorganic (25:50:25 of N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1) (T7) fertilizer significantly enhanced the growth and yield of greengram which was closely followed by vermicompost 100% on N equivalent basis.

Effect of Fertility Levels and Boron on the Development and Production of Cauliflower

A field experiment consisting five levels of fertility and four levels of boron in RBD with three replications was conducted at Horticulture Farm, SKNAU, (Jaipur) during Rabi season. The findings showed that different levels of fertility used to have a significant impact on the growth, yield of cauliflower. Plant height at 30 and 60 DAT, the number of leaves per plant at 30 and 60 DAT and leaf area were all highest when 75% RDF through inorganic fertilizers and 25% RDF through vermicompost were applied. Also, it was found that the application of 50% RDF using inorganic fertilizers and 50% RDF through vermicompost treatment resulted in the highest curd yield per plot and curd yield per ha (190.89 q/ha).

Physiological studies and nutrient accumulation in mustard varieties in response to fertilizer doses under saline condition in semi-arid region of northwestern Haryana

The present study was conducted to find out the salt tolrant mustard variety for semi-arid region because this region has higher amount of poor quality water for irrigation and nutrient accumulation under saline environment is the most limiting factor in the sustainable crop production. For this four mustard varieties in main plots (Kranti, Giriraj, CS-54, and CS-58) and three fertilizer doses in sub-plots (100, 125 and 150% RDF). During the experimentation, saline water irrigation (7 dS m-1) was applied. The physiological parameters like RWC (75.54 to 80.34 %), total chlorophyll content (1.60 to 1.91 mg g-1 FW), and photosynthetic rate (10.09 to 14.79 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) were significantly increased with increasing dose of fertilizers. Yield stability index was highest with the application of 150% RDF. HI index showed a decline trend with the increasing dose of fertilizers, whereas oil content decreased non-significantly. Irrespective of fertilizer doses, variety CS-58 recorded maximum seed yield (22.89 q ha-1), biological yield (11.22 q ha-1); and other physiological parameters followed by CS-54, Giriraj, and Kranti mustard varieties. Variety CS-58 had the highest nutrient content (N, P, and K) in straw, with reaching to 125% RDF being at par with 150% RDF, followed by CS-54, Giriraj, and Kranti, respectively. The salt ratio (Na+:K+) decreased non-significantly with fertilizer doses, its mean value was however lowest in CS-58.

Fully connecting the Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI) initiative with the world of linked open data

The usage of controlled biomedical vocabularies is the cornerstone that enables seamless interoperability when using a common data model across multiple data sites. The Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI) initiative combines over 100 controlled vocabularies into its own. However, the OHDSI vocabulary is limited in the sense that it combines multiple terminologies and does not provide a direct way to link them outside of their own self-contained scope. This issue makes the tasks of enriching feature sets by using external resources extremely difficult. In order to address these shortcomings, we have created a linked data version of the OHDSI vocabulary, connecting it with already established linked resources like bioportal, bio2rdf, etc. with the ultimate purpose of enabling the interoperability of resources previously foreign to the OHDSI universe.

Descubriendo los modelos de los datos interconectados: BibFrame

Por medio de esta revisión, se busca realizar un recuento y una explicación sobre el entorno de intercambio bibliográfico BibFrame a partir del conocimiento que ha sido diseminado, en su mayor parte, por un grupo de profesionales de la Biblioteca del Congreso de los Estados Unidos de América. En este trabajo, se muestran aspectos clave de esta iniciativa en y se enfocan cuestiones medulares de su funcionamiento como entorno ubicado en la web. Se discute su posible normalización partiendo del traslado de MARC21 a esta herramienta.

This review aims to report on and explain the bibliographic exchange environment BibFrame taking as starting point the knowledge that has been disseminated, mainly, by a group of professionals from the Library Of Congress of the United States of America. This work shows key aspects of this initiative and focus on medular points regarding its functioning as a web environment. The work discusses the possible standardization of this environment, starting with transferring from MARC21 to this tool.

Detección de comunidades a partir de redes de coautoría en grafos RDF / Community detection using co-authorship networks in RDF graphs / Detecção de comunidades a partir de redes de coautoria em grafos RDF

La detección de comunidades se refiere al problema de identificar comunidades o particiones de nodos que comparten propiedades comunes en una red. Las redes de coautoría se consideran redes complejas, donde los nodos de la red son los autores, y los enlaces entre los nodos establecen la relación de coautoría en una o varias publicaciones. En los últimos años se han desarrollado investigaciones con el objetivo de publicar metadatos bibliográficos siguiendo los principios de los datos enlazados. Como resultado se obtienen grafos RDF que contienen los autores y las relaciones de coautoría que se establecen entre ellos. En este artículo se propone un método para la detección y visualización de comunidades en grafos RDF teniendo en cuenta las relaciones de coautoría como indicador para medir la colaboración científica. Con la implementación del método se pretende dotar a los especialistas en ciencias de la información de una herramienta de análisis que ayude en el proceso de toma de decisiones y la realización de estudios en esta área.

Community detection refers to the problem to identify communities or partitions of nodes that shares common properties in a network. The co-authorship networks are considered complex networks, where the nodes of the network are authors and the edges between nodes provides the co-authorship relationships in one or more publications. In recent years, researches have been carried out with the aim to publish bibliographic metadata following the principles of the linked data. Resulting from this, RDF graphs are obtained, containing the authors and the co-authorship relationships among them. In this paper we propose a method for detecting and visualizing communities in RDF graphs, considering co-authorship relationships as an indicator to measure scientific collaboration. With the implementation of the method proposed, we provide an analysis tool for specialists in information sciences, which improve the process of decision making and implementation of studies in the area.

A detecção de comunidades refere-se ao problema de identificar comunidades o partições de nodos que partilham propriedades comuns em uma rede. As redes de coautoria são consideradas redes complexas, onde os nodos da rede são os autores, e os enlaces entre os nodos estabelecem a relação de coautoria em uma ou várias publicações. Nos últimos anos se têm desenvolto investigações com o objetivo de publicar metadados bibliográficos seguindo os princípios dos dados ligados. Como resultado se obtêm grafos RDF que contêm os autores e as relações de coautoria que se estabelecem entre eles. Neste artigo se propõe um método para a detecção e visualização de comunidades em grafos RDF tendo em conta as relações de coautoria como indicador para medir a colaboração científica. Com a implementação do método se pretende dotar aos especialistas em ciências da informação de uma ferramenta de análise que ajude no processo de toma de decissões e a realização de estudos nesta área.

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on plant height, spread and flower diameter of gaillardia (gaillardia pulchella).

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on plant height, plant spread and flower diameter of Gaillardia (Gaillardia pulchella). In Gaillardia the plant maximum height was recorded in the plot treated with 100 per cent recommended dose of NPK + press mud at 10 tones ha-1 followed by 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK + press mud at 10 t ha-1 at 45 days and 75 per cent recommended dose of NPK + press mud at 5 tones ha-1 at 15, 30 and 60 days. Highest plant spread was obtained at 30 and 45 days after planting in the treatments which involved 100 per cent recommended dose of NPK + press mud at 10 t ha-1 and at 60 days no significant differences were recorded. The combination of recommended dose of NPK + press mud at 10 t ha-1 produced maximum diameter of flower.