Spectrum-effect relationship of hemostatic effects of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma with different commodity specifications / 中国中药杂志

This article aims to establish the fingerprints, determine the hemostatic pharmacodynamic indicators, and explore the spectrum-effect relationship of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in 12 different specifications. Firstly, HPLC and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) were employed to establish the fingerprints of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. The rat plasma recalcification experiment and the rat gastric bleeding experiment were conducted to determine the pharmacodynamic indicators, including plasma recalcification time(PRT), thrombin time(TT), prothrombin time(PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT). Afterwards, the partial least squares method was employed to explore the spectrum-effect relationship of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in different specifications. Twenty-six common peaks were detected in the HPLC fingerprints of different specifications of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and 11 out of the 26 common peaks represented saponins. The content of dencichine was determined by LC-MS. The rat experiments showed that the pharmacodynamic indicators were significantly different among different specifications of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. The spectrum-effect relationship was explored between 27 common components and pharmacodynamic indicators. Among them, 16 components had positive effects on the pharmacodynamic indicators of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and 11 exerted negative effects. This study provides a basis for the precision medication and quality control of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Mechanism of coagulation dysfunction in the recipients mediated by tissue factor activation after liver xenotransplantation / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the activation of tissue factor (TF) that leads to coagulation dysfunction in the recipients after liver xenotransplantation. Methods Auxiliary heterotopic liver xenotransplantation was performed in 3 minipigs with α-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GTKO) as the donors and Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana) as the recipients. Postoperative coagulation function changes in the recipients were observed. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were adopted to quantitatively measure the expression levels of monkey and minipig TF messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in the liver tissues of the primary and transplant livers at different time points before and after transplantation. The recalcification time of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was recorded in the normal control monkeys and the recipient monkeys before and 2 h after liver transplantation to evaluate the coagulation status in the recipients. Results All three recipients presented with different degrees of coagulation dysfunction after surgery, manifested as a decrease in fibrinogen level and a reduction in platelet count. The monkey TF protein was positively expressed in the primary livers after surgery, whereas negatively expressed in transplant livers before and after liver transplantation. The minipig TF protein was negatively expressed in both primary livers and transplant livers. At postoperative 2 h, monkey TF mRNA was up-regulated by (2.10±0.24) times in the primary liver compared with the preoperative level, whereas the minipig TF mRNA was up-regulated by (1.42±0.15) times compared with preoperative level. There was statistical significance between the primary livers and transplant livers (P=0.014). Compared with PBMC in the normal control monkeys and recipient monkeys before liver transplantation, the recalcification time of the PBMC in the recipient monkeys was significantly shortened at postoperative 2 h (both P<0.001). Conclusions At the presence of coagulation dysfunction after liver xenotransplantation, the level of TF activation in the primary livers is significantly higher than that in the transplant livers. The TF activation in the primary livers is the main cause of coagulation dysfunction after liver xenotransplantation.

Effect of Toddalia Asiatica on Plasma Recalcification Time in Rabbits / 中国药师

Objective:To preliminarily study on the procoagulant activity of Toddalia asiatica Lam. Methods:The plasma recal-cification time affected by the water decoction extract, ultrasonic extract and organic solvent extract from T. asiatica were determined to observe the effects of different extracts from T. asiatica on plasma recalcification time of rabbits. Results:The ultrasonic extract of T. asiatica could reduce the plasma recalcification time (P<0. 05), the ethyl acetate and methanol extract could significantly reduce the plasma recalcification time (P <0. 01), while the water decoction extract prolonged the plasma recalcification time (0.01