Effect of different input functions of whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging reconstruction on quantitative parameters of lung cancer / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of using two different input functions to reconstruct 18F-FDG PET/CT Patlak multi-parameter images on the quantitative parameters of lung cancer lesions. Methods:The original whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT scan data of lung cancer patients in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The total scan time was 75 min. Two input functions were used for Patlak multi-parameter reconstruction: ① Image-derived input function(IDIF)using the Time-activity curve(TAC)of descending aorta from 0 min to 75 min. ② Population-based input function (PBIF) developed by Yale University. Metabolic rate of FDG (MR FDG) and Distribution volume (DV) images were obtained by Patlak multi-parameter analysis software using the above input functions. The region of interest (ROI) method was used to delineate the lesions to obtain multi-parameter quantitative information, including the max, peak and mean value of MR FDG and DV. Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The original data of 27 lung cancer patients who received whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging were reconstructed by Patlak with two different input functions. The max, peak and mean values of MR FDG-IDIF and MR FDG-PBIF in lung cancer lesions were as follows: (0.26 ± 0.15), (0.19 ± 0.12), (0.14 ± 0.08)μmol·min -1·ml -1 and (0.26 ± 0.15), ( 0.20 ± 0.13), (0.15 ± 0.09)μmol·min -1·ml -1, with no statistically significant difference between two functions( P > 0.05). The max, peak and mean values of DV IDIF and DV PBIF were (165.56 ± 99.89)%, (117.66 ± 72.24)%, (62.16 ± 33.65)% and(170.04 ± 103.93)%, (121.91 ± 73.71)%, (65.05 ± 37.17)%, with no statistically significant difference between two functions ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:The population-based input function may be an alternative for patients who could not lie supine for long time during whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT Patlak multi-parameter imaging.

High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Compressed Sensing for Intracranial and Extracranial Arteries: Comparison with Conventional Parallel Imaging

OBJECTIVE: To compare conventional sensitivity encoding (SENSE) to compressed sensing plus SENSE (CS) for high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) of intracranial and extracranial arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HR-MRI was performed in 14 healthy volunteers. Three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and proton density-weighted imaging (PD) were acquired using CS or SENSE under the same total acceleration factors (AF(t))-5.5, 6.8, and 9.7 for T1WI and 3.2, 4.0, and 5.8 for PD-to achieve reduced scanning times in comparison with the original imaging sequence (SENSE T1WI, AF(t) 3.5; SENSE PD, AF(t) 2.0) using the 3-tesla system. Two neuroradiologists measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and used visual scoring systems to assess image quality. Acceptable imaging was defined as a visual score ≥ 2. Repeated measures analysis of variance and Cochran's Q test were performed. RESULTS: CS yielded better image quality and vessel delineation than SENSE in T1WI with AF(t) of 5.5, 6.8, and 9.7, and in PD with AF(t) of 5.8 (p 0.05). SNR and CNR in CS were higher than they were in SENSE, but lower than they were in the original images (p < 0.05). CS yielded higher proportions of acceptable imaging than SENSE (CS T1WI with AF(t) of 6.8 and PD with AF(t) of 5.8; p < 0.0167). CONCLUSION: CS is superior to SENSE, and may be a reliable acceleration method for vessel HR-MRI using AF(t) of 5.5 for T1WI, and 3.2 and 4.0 for PD.

Subjective well-being feelings and related factors in people aged 50 years or older in Shanghai: Based on Day Reconstruction Method / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai by using the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) and explore the related factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2009 to June 2010 among people aged ≥50 years selected through multistage random cluster sampling in Shanghai.DRM was used to assess participants' subjective well-being by net effect and U-index.Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the related factors.Results A total of 8 075 participants were included,with average age of 63.1 years.The mean net effect value was 1.24 (95％CI:1.15-1.33),and the mean U-index was 1.55％ (95％ CI:1.10％-1.99％).After adjusted for demographic factors,univariate liner regression model indicated that age,education level,marital status,family wealth,residence,self-rated health status,WHODAS score and prevalence of chronic disease were associated with subjective well-being,and multivariate liner regression model indicated that higher WHODAS score was associated with lower net effect value (P＜0.05).Conclusion The subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai might be associated with age,education level,marital status,family wealth,residence,self-rated health status and WHODAS score.Enhanced social support and appropriate social security system might facilitate the improvement of the subjective well-being of the elderly.

Subjective well-being feelings and related factors in people aged 50 years or older in Shanghai: Based on Day Reconstruction Method / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai by using the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) and explore the related factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2009 to June 2010 among people aged ≥50 years selected through multistage random cluster sampling in Shanghai.DRM was used to assess participants' subjective well-being by net effect and U-index.Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the related factors.Results A total of 8 075 participants were included,with average age of 63.1 years.The mean net effect value was 1.24 (95％CI:1.15-1.33),and the mean U-index was 1.55％ (95％ CI:1.10％-1.99％).After adjusted for demographic factors,univariate liner regression model indicated that age,education level,marital status,family wealth,residence,self-rated health status,WHODAS score and prevalence of chronic disease were associated with subjective well-being,and multivariate liner regression model indicated that higher WHODAS score was associated with lower net effect value (P＜0.05).Conclusion The subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai might be associated with age,education level,marital status,family wealth,residence,self-rated health status and WHODAS score.Enhanced social support and appropriate social security system might facilitate the improvement of the subjective well-being of the elderly.

Effects of different reconstruction algorithms on the image quality of CTA with low dose on head and neck / 中国医学装备

Objective:To discuss the effect of different reconstruction algorithms for the image quality of the computed tomographic angiography (CTA) with low dose on head and neck through comparing the images obtained from different reconstruction algorithms, which included filtering and reflection projection technique (FBP), adaptive statistical iterative (ASIR) model and based on iterative reconstruction (MBIR) after CTA with low dose was applied on head and neck.Methods:30 patients who were implemented the CTA on head and neck were enrolled in this study. The gem energy spectrum CT was applied to scan their head and neck, and the tube voltage was set in low dose (80 kVp), and 60-80 mL contrast agent (350 mg I/mL) was injected in elbow vein as 4mL/s. The other parameters were chosen as routine requirement. The obtained original images were reconstructed by using FBP, 60% ASIR and MBIR, and then the three kinds images were compared and scored by using relative statistical analysis.Results: For the using of different reconstruction algorithms (FBP, 60% ASIR and MBIR), the results of image noise showed MBIR60% ASIR>FBP, and the differences among them were significant. Finally, about the subjective score of image, the results showed MBIR>60% ASIR>FBP, and their differences also were significant.Conclusion: Under gem energy spectrum CT, the image noise of MBIR is lowest and its image quality is best, and it has diagnosis value and meaning in clinical practice.

Long-term Follow-up for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after Gastrectomy in Non-morbidly Obese Patients with Gastric Cancer: the Legitimacy of Onco-metabolic Surgery

PURPOSE: This study primarily aimed to investigate the short- and long-term remission rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients who underwent surgical treatment for gastric cancer, especially patients who were non-obese, and secondarily to determine the potential factors associated with remission. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with T2D who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, from January 2008 to December 2012. RESULTS: T2D improved in 39 out of 70 (55.7%) patients at the postoperative 2-year follow-up and 21 of 42 (50.0%) at the 5-year follow-up. In the 2-year data analysis, preoperative body mass index (BMI) (P=0.043), glycated hemoglobin (A1C) level (P=0.039), number of anti-diabetic medications at baseline (P=0.040), reconstruction method (statistical difference was noted between Roux-en-Y reconstruction and Billroth I; P=0.035) were significantly related to the improvement in glycemic control. Unlike the results at 2 years, the 5-year data analysis revealed that only preoperative BMI (P=0.043) and A1C level (P=0.039) were statistically significant for the improvement in glycemic control; however, the reconstruction method was not. CONCLUSIONS: All types of gastric cancer surgery can be effective in short- and long-term T2D control in non-obese patients. In addition, unless long-limb bypass is considered in gastric cancer surgery, the long-term glycemic control is not expected to be different between the reconstruction methods.

Relation between emotion variability and psychiatric symptoms in middle school students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between emotion variability and assessment of psychiat-ric symptoms in middle school students,and validate that by structure equation modeling.Method:A total of 129 junior middle school students aged 13 -15 years were selected and assessed with the SCL-90 scale for psychiatric symptoms,the Adolescent Daily Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ADERQ)for emotion regulation strategies, daily reconstruction method (DRM)for emotion variability during two weeks.Results:The students had higher positive emotion score than negative emotion score [(2.7 ±0.7)vs.(1.4 ±0.3),P <0.001],and higher negative emotion variability than positive emotion variability [(0.4 ±0.1 )vs.(0.3 ±0.1 ),P =0.012].Positive emotion variability and negative emotion variability were positively correlated with total scores of SCL-90 (r =0.34,0.24;Ps <0.001).Structural equation modeling revealed positive emotion variability,negative emotion variability and e-motion regulation strategy of cognitive appraisal had a direct effect on psychiatric symptoms (the path coefficient were 0.21,0.28,-0.24;Ps <0.001),cognitive immersed strategy had a direct effect on psychiatric symptoms and negative emotion variability(the path coefficient was 0.14,0.13,P =0.037,P =0.041).Conclusions:It suggests that both negative emotion variability and positive emotion variability play an important role in psychiatric symp-toms.

A Study of Reconstruction Methods for 186 Cases after Complete Excision ofNonmelanoma Skin Cancers / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is divided into two categories, melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, by its malignant potential. The former is prone to be metastatic and it often requires regional lymph node dissection and chemotherapy, while the latter is rarely metastatic with no need for such further treatment. We report here on the reconstruction methods after surgical removal of skin cancers, with excluding melanoma. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to analyze the reconstruction methods according to the location and size of the lesions after surgical removal of nonmelanoma skin cancers and we report on the clinical findings. METHODS: We analyzed 186 cases of nonmelanoma skin cancers that were treated Between January, 2000 and December, 2006 at the Department of Dermatology, Chonbuk University Hospital. The cases were analyzed according to the reconstruction methods for the defects after surgery, the gender ratio, the age range, the lesion site and the lesion size. RESULTS: The mean age of onset was 67.7 years old. The ratio of men to women was 1:1.02. The most common nonmelanoma skin cancer was basal cell carcinoma (66.7%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (22.1%), and Bowen's disease (4.3%). The most common site of all the nonmelanoma skin cancers was the face (68.8%), followed by the trunk (7.5%) and scalp (6.5%). The most common reconstruction method was local flap (40.3%), followed by primary closure (38.7%), skin graft (18.8%) and secondary intention (2.2%). In terms of location, the most commonly used method was local flap for the face (50.0%) and primary closure for the trunk (53.3%), scalp (83.3%) and the upper (44.4%) and lower extremities (63.6%). According to the lesions' size, the most common method was flap for tumor between 10 mm and 30 mm in diameter (95.1%), primary closure for tumor less than 10 mm in diameter (66.7%) and graft for tumor greater than 30 mm in diameter (66.7%). CONCLUSION: We offer this data for the reconstruction methods of nonmelanoma skin cancers and their clinical findings in Korea.

The Primary Malignant Bone Tumors of Distal Tibia: Comparison between Limb Salvage and Amputation / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The long term survival and indications of limb salvage surgery for primary malignant bone tumors of the distal tibia were evaluated, and the results of the reconstruction method using a pasteurized autograft alone or a pasteurized autograft and living fibular bone graft composite were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1985 to June 2004, 13 cases were considered eligible. The diagnosis included 9 osteosarcomas, 2 chondrosarcomas, 1 parosteal osteosarcoma, and 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone. There was 1 case of stage IB, 1 IIA, and 11 IIB according to the Enneking classification. Each case underwent surgery and 10 cases underwent additional chemotherapy. Six cases underwent a below-knee amputation and 7 cases had limb salvage surgery. The reconstruction methods were pasteurized bone alone (5), an additional living fibula bone graft (1) or a living fibula bone graft alone (1). RESULTS: There was no recurrence or metastasis at the final follow up. The MSTS functional score of the limb salvage group and amputation group were 85% and 82% respectively. Two out of 5 cases of reconstruction with pasteurized bone alone achieved bony union at 6 and 9 months after surgery. The remaining 3 cases showed nonunion and fractures of the pasteurized bone that was followed by an additional living fibula graft (2 cases) and cancellous iliac bone graft (1 case). Two cases of primary living fibula grafts are in the course of healing. CONCLUSION: The prognosis was good. Neurovascular invasion by the tumor and the necessity of a radical soft tissue excision indicated an amputation. There was no difference in the functional outcome between the limb salvage group and amputation group. A reconstruction method using pasteurized bone has bio-mechanical and economical benefits. However, primary additional living fibular bone graft is a promising method.

Chondrosarcoma of the Pelvis following Internal Pelvectomy:Functional and Oncological Results / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: We analyzed the nature of primary chondrosarcoma of the pelvis, along with long-term survival, complications, and functional outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five cases of pelvic chondrosarcoma were enrolled. The average age was 40 (range: 17-69) years. The stage was IB in 5, IIB in 20. All of the 25 cases had underwent internal pelvectomy. Twelve cases had resections involving the acetabulum, while 7 involved the iliac wing and 6 involved the pubic bone. Study points were the reconstructive methods according to the extent of resection and the functional results, complications, local recurrence and the metastasis pattern following the clinical factors affecting long-term survival. RESULTS: The 16-year CDF survival of 25 cases following operation was 78.7%. Three (12%) local recurrences and 3 metastases occurred. The MSTS score of the iliac and pubic resection group was 25.3. Of 12 cases with acetabular resection, 6 had prosthetic arthroplasty, 4 had psuedoarthrosis, 1 had arthrodesis, and 1 had excision. Their overall MSTS score was 19.4. There were 2 infections, 1 flap necrosis, 1 screw failure and 2 hip dislocations. Of 11 cases of a high grade (G3), there were 3 metastases and 1 local recurrence. CONCLUSION: The long-term survival rate was good and the pathologic grade had some correlation with prognosis. Because acetabular reconstructions of any kind may involve serious complications, primary pseudoarthrosis can be regarded as an alternative option.