RESUMO
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).However,the response to NCRT varies among LARC patients and a subset of patients show resistance to NCRT.NCRT may delay the timing of surgery and even reduce the overall survival.Therefore,it is of significance to identify biomarkers for predicting the clinical efficacy of NCRT,screen patients who are resistant to NCRT and perform surgery as early as possible,eventually establishing an individualized therapeutic strategy.MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression,which areinvolved in multiple signaling pathways and DNA damage repair process and affect the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer cells.Many recent studies have evaluated the role of microRNA in predicting the response to NCRT.The purpose of this article is to review the research progress and validate the role of microRNA in predicting the clinical efficacy of NCRT for rectal cancer.
RESUMO
Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in China. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision is the standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide anatomical positioning,clinical staging and evaluation of clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, thereby offering support for the precise establishment of comprehensive therapeutic strategy. This study aims to summarize the current status and development trend of MRI applied in the staging of rectal cancer, evaluation and prediction of clinical efficacy.