Continue to improve the high-quality multi-center clinical research in colorectal surgery in China / 中华消化外科杂志

High-quality clinical research is an important method to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment, promote discipline construction, and expand the frontier of medicine. In recent years, multi-center clinical studies in colorectal surgery in China have increased, and the level of clinical research has gradually improved, accumulating a wealth of clinical research experience. Innovative research topics and scientific design are the foundations of high-quality clinical research. Standardization of surgical techniques and quality control at all steps of the study are key to high-quality research. At the same time, researchers should establish a data management system, select appropriate data collection systems, and conduct regular data checks and feedback to ensure the quality of research data. Fully utilizing the advantages of case resources and further enhancing clinical research capabilities will provide assistance in promoting high-quality clinical research in the field of colorectal surgery in China. The authors summarize the experience of high-quality clinical research in colorectal surgery at home and abroad, in order to further promote the development of high-quality clinical research in China.

Scientific supervision and subject-oriented development of China clinical research / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#At the end of 2022, the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), in conjunction with the National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College raised for the first time the important issue of clinical research globally: whether the source of the death time of clinical trials based on the simple follow-up records is credible, and proposed a consensus document on the source of the death time of clinical trials. The results were published in The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, which attracted wide attention and recognition from the international industry. This is the first time that the China consensus on quality standards for clinical research has been ahead of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other international colleagues. The NMPA has been leading China in promoting the scientific development of clinical research, so as to constantly establish and improve the scientific regulatory system and ecological system, and promote China's full integration into the global pharmaceutical research and development system. China clinical research institutions and the whole industry are also gradually from standardized development to scientific development, high-quality development process. In this study, we summarized the scientific and subject-oriented development of China clinical research industry in recent years, and continuously strengthened the international competitiveness of China pharmaceutical industry. It is suggested that scientific thinking model should be used to deal with the normative problems in clinical research and promote the development of medical model to scientific model.

On innovative practice training of scientific research for medical undergraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Xuzhou Medical University, relying on the National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education and the scientific research platform of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bio-information, organizes clinical medical undergraduates to participate in the innovative training program of scientific research practice. Taking the research on signal transduction of ischemic nerve cell injury as an example, this paper studies the innovative practice training on experimental ability and scientific research thinking of medical undergraduates, and preliminarily discusses the promoting effect of innovative practice training on teaching reform of biochemistry and molecular biology. Innovative training in scientific research practice provides a new teaching method, which effectively promotes the cultivation of scientific research quality of medical undergraduates and the teaching reform of theoretical courses.

Practice in cultivating the scientific research quality of medical undergraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper aimed at exploring methods and their effectiveness of cultivating the scientific research quality in medical undergraduates in the early stage of. In combination with teachers' scientific research projects, 3 to 5 medical undergraduates in 3rd grade who applied for the projects initiatively were selected every year to enter into different research groups in the department. According to students' wishes, they may participate in some experiments in scientific research projects , or complete small projects independently, or write a review on a certain topic under teachers' guidance. In the past 10 years, 25 students participated in the program of our section and published 19 papers in total. Most students who participated in the experimental research program were able to carry out some scientific experiments independently with improved scientific research ability and practical ability. Students who wrote reviews not only broadened their knowledge, but also developed the skills of literature search, reading, comprehensive writing and critical thinking. Therefore, it was concluded that the cultivation of scientific research quality in students in the early stage could motivate students to actively participate in scientific research; both scientific experiments and themed reviews could enhance the scientific research ability and scientific research quality of undergraduates from different angles.

Practice in cultivating the scientific research quality of medical undergraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper aimed at exploring methods and their effectiveness of cultivating the scientific research quality in medical undergraduates in the early stage of. In combination with teachers' scientific research projects, 3 to 5 medical undergraduates in 3rd grade who applied for the projects initiatively were selected every year to enter into different research groups in the department. According to students' wishes, they may participate in some experiments in scientific research projects, or complete small projects independently, or write a review on a certain topic under teachers' guidance. In the past 10 years, 25 students participated in the program of our section and published 19 papers in total. Most students who participated in the experimental research program were able to carry out some scientific experiments independently with improved scientific research ability and practical ability. Students who wrote reviews not only broadened their knowledge, but also developed the skills of literature search, reading, comprehensive writing and critical thinking. Therefore, it was concluded that the cultivation of scientific research quality in students in the early stage could motivate students to actively participate in scientific research; both scientific experiments and themed reviews could enhance the scientific research ability and scientific research quality of undergraduates from different angles.

Effect of new style of literature review in postgraduate scientific research education of urology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

How to cultivate professional degree postgraduates with independent and innovative research ability has become an important goal of graduate education.In this article,doctoral postgraduates in the department of urology were chosen as subjects who received education of English book report and received education of new style of literature review in different time.In order to explore the effective measures to cultivate the clinical scientific research quality and ability of the professional degree postgraduates in Department of Urology,we evaluated different kinds of research quality of postgraduates under different methods of literature review through the scores of teachers' judges and questionnaires.

Evaluation of research quality for medical graduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the research quality of present medical graduates and propose suggestions for improvement.Method A self-designed questionnaire entitled Investigating Questionnaire for Research Quality Analysis of Medical Graduates in Peking Union Medical College Hospital was distributed to the clinical and academic medical graduates in the hospital from July to August 2015.Among 276 collected questionnaires,270 were validated as effective.SPSS 18.0 software was used to statistically describe the result and to perform t test on different subgroups.Results The research quality average of the surveyed hospital was 10.28.Results revealed that in regard of the three aspects of research quality,research consciousness ranked first,followed by the research ability,while scientific spirit was the weakest.Academic medical graduates showed significantly higher scores than clinical graduates in terms of total research quality and every single aspect (P values less than 0.05).Conclusions To better cultivate the academic leaders in medical research,it is necessary to strengthen the research training for the graduates,practice their scientific thinking especially the clinical graduates,reinforce tutors' guidance,and promote communication and collaboration.

Metodologias participativas de pesquisa e educação popular: reflexões sobre critérios de qualidade / Metodologías participativas de investigación y educación popular: reflexiones sobre criterios de calidad / Participatory research methodologies and popular education: reflections on quality criteria

O artigo, derivado da experiência de pesquisa do autor e de avaliações de trabalhos de pesquisa na educação popular, propõe a discussão de critérios de qualidade e validade das metodologias participativas, as quais, desde sua origem na América Latina, apresentam importantes afinidades com a educação popular. São discutidos, na ótica das metodologias participativas, os seguintes tópicos: a relevância social, a qualidade de descrição e de interpretação, a reflexividade coletiva, a qualidade da relação entre os sujeitos da pesquisa e a praticabilidade do conhecimento. Na conclusão, argumenta-se que a discussão sobre a qualidade da pesquisa em educação e educação popular pode contribuir para fazer frente ao produtivismo acadêmico, onde são confundidos critérios de quantidade e qualidade, a superar a dicotomização entre produtores e consumidores ou usuários de pesquisa, e para fomentar a densidade teórica da área.

El presente texto, derivado de la experiencia de investigación del autor y de otras evaluaciones de trabajos de investigación en educación popular, propone la discusión de criterios de calidad y validez de metodologias participativas, las cuales desde su origen en América Latina presentan importantes semejanzas con la educación popular. Son discutidos, a partir de la perspectiva de las metodologias participativas, los seguientes temas: relevancia social, calidad de la descripción y de interpretación, reflexividad colectiva, calidad de la relación entre los sujetos de la investigación y practicabilidad del conocimiento. En la conclusión, se argumenta que la discusión sobre la calidad de la investigación en educación y educación popular puede contribuir para enfrentar el productivismo académico, donde son confundidos criterios de cantidad y calidad, para superar la dicotimización entre productores y consumidores o usuarios de investigación y para fomentar la densidad teórica del área.

The paper, a consequence of the author’s research experience and the evaluation of research in popular education, discusses the criteria for quality and validity of participatory methodologies, which since their origin in Latin America present significant affinities with popular education. The following topics are discussed in the perspective of participatory methodologies: the social relevance; the quality of description and interpretation; the collective reflexivity; the quality of the relations among the stakeholders in the research process; and the practicability of the produced knowledge. In the conclusion it is pointed out that the discussion about the quality of research in education and popular education can contribute to confront the academic productivism, where qualitative and quantitative criteria are confused, to be able to overcome the dichotomization between producers and consumers of research, thus enhancing the area’s theoretical density.

Artículos científicos, tipos de investigación y productividad científica en las Ciencias de la Salud / Scientific Articles, Types of Scientific Research and Productivity in Health Sciences / Artigos científicos, tipos de investigação e produtividade científica nas ciências da saúde

El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir diferentes tipos de Investigación Científica y su importancia dentro de la investigación formativa, la formación investigativa y la investigación propiamente dicha en las Ciencias de la Salud. Se plantea que algunos artículos son rechazados porque los autores no resuelven correctamente, desde el punto de vista metodológico, la concatenación que existe entre los tipos de investigación, los diseños de investigación, la clase de problemas inherentes a estos y los diseños de las investigaciones, los objetivos y los métodos que se deben proponer en estos contextos metodológicos.

The aim of this paper is to describe different types of useful research and its importance in the formative research, research training and research itself in health sciences. It is stated that one of the sources of these rejections could be because the authors did not resolve correctly, from a methodological point of view, the concatenation between the research types, research designs, the type of problems inherent to these types and research designs; objectives and methods should be proposed in these methodological contexts.

O objetivo do presente trabalho é descrever diferentes tipos de investigação científica e a sua importância dentro da investigação formativa, a formação investigativa e a investigação propriamente dita nas Ciências da Saúde. Expõe-se que alguns artigos são rejeitados porque os autores não resolvem corretamente, desde o ponto de vista metodológico, a concatenação que existe entre os tipos de investigação, os desenhos de investigação, o tipo de problemas inerentes a estes tipos e desenhos de investigações, os objetivos e os métodos que devem-se propor nestes contextos metodológicos.

Current status of supervisors teaching in-service education degree program in Peking University Health Science Center / 中华医学科研管理杂志

The objective of this study is to obtain a comprehensive understand the view of inservice education master degree program students on their supervisors' performance in teaching and research in Peking University Health Science Centre.on their.This study was conducted by using the questionnaire-based survey which includes questions regarding research quality,research conditions and scientific spirit etc.We concluded that Peking University Health Science Center,by formulating practical regulations and adopting relevant policies,managed to keep the capacity building for the supervisors and will further improve quality of the in-service graduate program.

Investigation and reflection of the scientific research quality of the advanced undergraduate clinical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the interest,cognition degree,participation degree and current situation of the advanced undergraduate clinical students in our college,to discuss the reason for low level of students' scientific research quality,in order to provide the reference to making research training programs for them.Methods The advanced undergraduates of seven-year and five-year clinical program interned in orthopedics department from January to June in 2014 were selected with cluster sampling method,and investigated anonymously by questionnaires and interview.120 students were investigated by questionnaire,and 120 effective questionnaires were taken back.30 students were interviewed.Results The results showed that 90.0 percent (n=108) of students were interested in scientific activity,and 47.5 percent (n=57) of students had participated in scientific lectures.In interviews,students think factors hindering the research on the participation in scientific research are:1)too many courses and heavy school tasks;2) absence of relative knowledge;3) lack of support from college;4) tough condition for scientific training;5) immature management system.Conclusion The advanced undergraduate clinical students had great interest in scientific activity,but had few opportunities to take part in,leading to their low level of scientific research quality.A variety of measures should be taken to bolster their scientific training.

Medicina basada en la evidencia, origen, verdades, falacias y aceptación en Cuba / The origin, truths, fallacies of the evidence-based medicine and its acceptance in Cuba

La evidencia es conocimiento adquirido a través del método científico y este la herramienta principal que utiliza la ciencia en la búsqueda del conocimiento del mundo y de las causas de los fenómenos que ocurren en la realidad. Esta evidencia se difunde principalmente a través de la literatura científica, pero, muchos artículos originales provienen de estudios con alto riesgo de sesgos y se necesita una valoración crítica de los datos que aporta la literatura. La búsqueda de evidencia para la práctica médica no es un capricho sino la única vía para que el conocimiento verdadero tenga un impacto social real. La llamada Medicina basada en la evidencia, está basada en estos conceptos pero su seguimiento ortodoxo es prácticamente imposible e incosteable. Se reconoce no obstante, la existencia de un abismo entre lo que se demuestra como efectivo en la investigación y su aplicación práctica real en prescripciones médicas y sanitarias. A pesar de todo, la Medicina basada en la evidencia se ha expandido por casi todos los escenarios clínicos del mundo y ha trascendido hacia la salud pública y la política de salud. En Cuba, se aprecia interés en esta medicina en cuanto a la incorporación de nuevas evidencias científicas a la práctica médica. Los países en desarrollo, tienen la desventaja de contar con pocos estudios realizados en ambientes socioculturales propios. Se necesita promover la investigación de calidad, en los países no desarrollados que genere evidencia propia pues no es ético introducir prácticas solo basadas en conocimientos surgidos y demostrados en países desarrollados

Evidence is knowledge acquired through the scientific method, being the latter the series of techniques and procedures that science uses in the search for knowledge about the world and the causes of phenomena. The evidence is primarily spread through scientific literature, but since many original articles come from studies at high risk of bias, a critical appraisal of the data that the literature provides is needed. The search of scientific evidence for medical practice is not a whim, but the only way by which the scientific knowledge can produce real social impact. The so called Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) is supported on these concepts, but its orthodox practice is virtually impossible and unaffordable. However, the existence of a wide gap between what is demonstrated as effective through research and the actual implementation in medical and health prescriptions is admitted. Nevertheless, EBM has currently extended to almost all clinical scenarios worldwide and has transcended into public health and health policy. Some clear interest in the integration of new scientific evidence to medical practice in Cuba is noticeable. The developing countries face the disadvantage of little evidence originating from their own socio-cultural contexts. It is thus necessary to promote quality research in developing countries with the aim of generating their own scientific evidence, since it is not ethical to bring in practices based only on knowledge acquired and demonstrated in developed countries

Revistas de acceso abierto: ¿cómo están contribuyendo a la diseminación del conocimiento científico? / Open access journals: how are they contributing to the spread of scientific knowledge?

El acceso abierto o libre (OA, por su sigla en inglés) es una iniciativa que promueve elacceso gratis al texto completo de los documentos, principalmente a través de internet. ElOA ha traído consigo un cambio en el modelo de negocios de las casas editoriales y lasha transformado de vendedoras de contenidos a proveedoras de servicios. En este artículose explica el modelo de negocios del OA y su implicación para la diseminación del conocimientopor medio de las revistas. Mi argumento es que el OA incrementa la diseminacióndel conocimiento científico, a la vez que provee ventajas para las revistas y los autores, entérminos de visibilidad en la red. Por ejemplo, el factor de impacto de las revistas de OA estáaumentando, como ha sido descrito por otros autores. A pesar de las ventajas que el OAconlleva para la comunidad científica, todavía la mayor parte de las revistas en la red sonparte del modelo de acceso cerrado, que impide la distribución gratis de los documentos.Usualmente, el acceso a estos artículos es costoso para las organizaciones y los países.Los autores deberían ser conscientes del valor del OA y tratar de esforzarse para hacer sutrabajo más visible y accesible...

Open Access (OA) is an initiative that promotes free access to the full text of documents,mainly through the Internet. OA has implied a change in the business model of publishers,transforming them from being content sellers to service providers. In this article I explainthe business model of OA and its implication for the spread of scientific knowledge throughjournals. My argument is that OA increases the spread of scientific knowledge while atthe same time provides advantages for journals and authors in terms of visibility on theweb. For example, the Impact factor of OA journals is increasing, as it has been shown byother researchers. Despite the possibilities that OA brings for the scientific community, stillmost journal articles in the web are part of a closed access model that impedes the freedistribution of documents. Usually, access to those articles is costly for organizations andcountries. Authors should be aware of the value of OA and try to make every effort in orderfor their work to be mor e visible and accessible...

La cirugía laparoscópica en la cirugía general: retos actuales y perspectivas de desarrollo / Laparoscopic surgery within general surgery: current challenges and development perspectives

Se realizó un análisis de la situación actual y las perspectivas de desarrollo de la cirugía laparoscópica en Cuba, a partir de la experiencia obtenida en un servicio de cirugía general. Se señala el efecto positivo que ésta ha producido en la actividad quirúrgica, así como las dificultades organizativas, metodológicas y en la formación de los especialistas y residentes que aún subsisten y frenan el desarrollo de la especialidad(AU)

Authors made a analysis of current situation and the development perspectives of laparoscopic surgery in Cuba from the experience obtained in a general surgery department. Laparoscopy had a positive effect in surgical activity, as well as the organizing, methodological difficulties and in the training of specialists and residents that nowadays remain and stop the development of the specialty(AU)

Cultivation of scientific research quality for medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To cultivate medical postgraduates with scientific research quality is an important task of medical education. It is of significance for excellent medical postgraduates. Cultivation of scientific research quality in scientific research thinking training,scientific research items selection and implementation was expounded in the paper to provide suggestions for better medical postgraduate education.