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@#AIM: To analyze the differences of retinal structure, visual evoked potential and visual function in different types of amblyopia children.<p>METHODS: One hundred and twenty children with 136 eyes with moderate amblyopia treated in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2018 were enrolled as the observation group(31 cases with 31 eyes of anisometropy, 35 cases with 70 eyes of refractive ametropia, and 26 cases with 35 eyes of strabismus); meanwhile, 29 children with 58 eyes with normal vision in the eye examination from our hospital were selected as the control group. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)imager was used to detect the foveal thickness of the macula, the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)around the optic disc and the quadrants, and the changes in retinal function were detected using visual electroencephalography. The P100 amplitude and latency of visual evoked potentials were observed and stereoscopic inspection being performed. <p>RESULTS: The thickness of macular fovea, the thickness of the optic disc and the RNFL in the quadrants of children with anisometropy and ametropia were significantly higher than those in the control group and children with strabismic amblyopia(<i>P</i><0.01). Compared with the control group, patients with refractive amblyopia had lower light peak potentials and longer light peak times. The dark valley potential of myopia children was higher in children with refractive amblyopia, and the Arden ratio and Gliern ratio were lower(All <i>P</i><0.01). The P100 wave amplitudes of the visual evoked potentials of the three types of amblyopia children were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the 1° and 15' spatial frequency latency periods were significantly delayed(all <i>P</i><0.01). The number of cross parallaxes, non-cross parallaxes, near-zero parallaxes, and far-sighted stereoscopic aberrations in the ametropic amblyopia group were significantly higher than those in the strabismic amblyopia group(<i>P</i><0.05), but were no different from those in the ametropic amblyopia group in terms of each indicators. <p>CONCLUSION: Retinal structure of patients with ametropic amblyopia and ametropic amblyopia has obvious abnormalities, and the P100 wave latency is delayed; strabismic amblyopia has the largest effect on stereoscopic function, while refractive amblyopia has the least effect.
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@#AIM: To evaluate the effects of pranoprofen on the retinal structure and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with cataract surgery.<p>METHODS: One hundred and seventy two cataract patients(200 eyes)were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The patients of observation group were treated with pranoprofen combined with normal post-operative therapy for 1mo. We set 4 points(1d, 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery)to dynamically analyze the fluctuation of inflammation score, central macular retinal thickness(CMT), macular foveola retinal thickness(MFRT), and the light receptor inner segment and outer segment layer(IS/OS). We set two points(before and 30d after surgery)to dynamically observe the alteration of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA)and VEGF.<p>RESULTS: The levels of inflammation index in control group were higher than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). The levels of CMT in control group were higher than those in observation group 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). The levels of IS/OS in control group were lower than those in observation group 7d, 15d and 30d after surgery, respectively(<i>P</i><0.001). Both of two groups expressed a markedly increasing of SOD levels(<i>P</i><0.001)and decreasing of MDA and VEGF levels(<i>P</i><0.001)30d after surgery compared with those before surgery. The levels of SOD in control group were lower than those in observation group(<i>P</i><0.001), whereas the contents of MDA and VEGF in control group were higher than those in observation group(<i>P</i><0.001)30d after surgery.<p>CONCLUSION: Pranoprofen considerably relieve levels of inflammation injury and down-regulate circulating levels of VEGF, which contributes its promotion in the recovery of retinal structure after surgery.
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OBJECTIVE: Arthrocentesis is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that is used to alleviate the symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of arthrocentesis on the blood supply to the retinal structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Arthrocentesis was performed on 20 patients with TMJ disorders, and choroidal thickness (CT) in patients was measured to evaluate retinal blood circulation. The blood volume of the retinal structures was evaluated ipsilaterally before and after arthrocentesis, and these measurements were then compared with measurements obtained from the contralateral side. RESULTS: Before arthrocentesis, there were no differences in retinal blood volumes between the ipsilateral and contralateral sides (P = 0.96). When ipsilateral CT measurements taken before and after arthrocentesis were compared, retinal blood supply was found to have significantly decreased after arthrocentesis (P = 0.04). When contralateral CT measurements taken before and after arthrocentesis were compared, retinal blood supply was also found to have decreased after arthrocentesis, but not significantly (P = 0.19). CONCLUSION: The solution of local anesthesia with epinephrine applied before the arthrocentesis procedure was found to reduce the blood volume of the retinal structures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has investigated the blood volume of the retinal structures following arthrocentesis.
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Humanos , Anestesia , Anestesia Local , Artrocentese , Circulação Sanguínea , Volume Sanguíneo , Corioide , Epinefrina , Retinaldeído , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular , Articulação TemporomandibularRESUMO
AIM:To analyze the imageological changes of acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by 2 types of optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed, inclu-ding data of 60 eyes from 56 patients with CSC diagnosed by conventional eye examination, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), which were divided into acute group (28 eyes of 28 patients) and chronic group (32 eyes of 28 patients) according to imageological examinations and duration (6 months). Optical coher-ence tomography angiography (OCTA) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD-OCT) were performed to study the vessel density of the chorioretinal leyers and the integrity of the outer retinal structure. RESULTS:In the pa-tients with chronic CSC, OCTA in 4 eyes ( 12.50% ) revealed the presence of a distinct choroidal neovascularization (CNV), while no evidence of CNV in ICGA was observed. However, no sign of CNV in acute CSC group both on OCTA and ICGA was found. The occurrence of 'dark areas' in chronic CSC was much higher than that in acute CSC ( P <0.01). In addition, the integrity of the outer retinal structure (defined as tissue between external limiting membrane and retinal pigment epithelium) in acute group was significantly better than that in chronic group ( P <0.01). CONCLU-SION:Our study demonstrates the existing secondary CNV that is not demonstrated by ICGA in the chronic CSC patients, and the different characteristics of retinochoroid structures between acute and chronic CSC in OCTA and SD-OCT are ob- served. Chronic CSC has more severe structural changes.
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Background Conventional chemical method to fix the entire eyeball results in the edema of retinal nerve fiber layer and therefore influent the evaluation of tissue structure.Research showed that microwave irradiation can avoid this phenomenon. Objective This study was to investigate the appropriate energy and time duration of microwave irradiation for fixation of rabbit eyes specimen and compare the influence of different fixation methods on retinal structure. Methods Twenty-two New Zealand white rabbits were sacrificed by using venous air embolism.The eyeballs were enucleated from the rabbits and immersed in chemical reagents with glacial acetic acid,methyl aldehyde and chloroform for 2 days as the control group.The eyeballs were immersed in 400 ml physiological balance solution immediately,and then were fixed by microwave irradiation for 80,160,240 and 320 seconds under the lower power as the microwave irradiation groups.In the microwave irradiation+chemical fixation group,the specimens were immersed in chemical reagents for 1-2 hours after the microwave radiation.The morphology of retinal structure was examined and area of retinal detachment was calculated by hemotoxylin and eosin staining under the light microscope. Results A better fixation effect was obtained in the retinal section of microwave radiation for 240 seconds in comparison with that of the traditional chemical reagent fixation method for 2 days.The retina detachment ratio was 16.3%±11.5% for simple microwave method,50.0%±24.5% for chemical method,and 6.7%±7.8% for microwave+chemical method.showing a significant difference among 3 groups(F=32.43,P=0.000).Retinal staining was clear and retinal structure was almost normal in the specimens of microwave+chemical fixation group with 200-240 seeonds microwave irradiation and 1-2 hours chemical fixation. Conclusion Microwave irradiation method is a more ideal way for the fixation of retina because of taking short duration,lower toxicity and better staining.The combination of microwave radiation and chemical reagents can acquire an excellent quality of retinal section.