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Resumen Objetivo: La conciencia fonológica es una habilidad metalingüística que permite acceder a la estructura de la lengua oral mediante el reconocimiento y la manipulación de los elementos fonológicos del habla. Diversos estudios han sustentado la importancia de estimular las habilidades de la conciencia fonológica en niños preescolares, con el fin de mejorar la adquisición de la habilidad lectora. Sin embargo, los programas de estimulación reportados en la literatura han sido creados para niños en etapa escolar. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la utilidad del programa de estimulación de la sensibilidad a la rima y a la segmentación en niños de preescolar. Método: En este estudio participaron 69 niños entre 3 y 4 años de edad de un jardín infantil de la ciudad de Barranquilla, quienes fueron divididos aleatoriamente en tres grupos (dos de estimulación y uno de lista de espera). El programa de estimulación fue realizado en sesiones grupales durante una hora y media, dos veces por semana durante nueve meses. Resultados: Los grupos que recibieron la estimulación aumentaron su habilidad para la segmentación, incluso una vez retirada la estimulación. Conclusiones: La utilidad del programa de estimulación resalta la importancia de incluir la estimulación de las habilidades de conciencia fonológica en el contexto educativo.
Abstract Objective: Phonological awareness is a metalinguistic ability that allows understanding the structure of the oral language, manipulating, and recognizing the speech's basic phonological elements. Several studies have shown the importance of phonological awareness stimulation in preschoolers to improve their initials reading skills. However, all stimulation programs reported in the literature have been designed for schoolers. This study was aimed to evaluate the usefulness of stimulation program for rhyme and segmentation sensitivity in preschool children. Method: The sample consisted of 69 children aged between 3 and 4 years old assisting to a Kindergarten in Barranquilla, Colombia. Children was randomly assigned to 3 groups (2 stimulations and 1 in waiting list). Stimulation program was carried out in sessions of 1.5 hours twice a week, for nine months. Results: Show there was an increase in the segmentation abilities in groups that received stimulation. This increment was even present after the stimulation was removed. Conclusions: The usefulness of the stimulation program highlights the importance of including stimulation of the phonological conscience abilities in educational contexts.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Consciência , Transtornos da Articulação , Leitura , Fala , Língua , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , IdiomaRESUMO
Anatomy forms the fundamental base for the medical undergraduates during the earlier period of MBBS course. It is a vast subject and it always needs some specialized approach to teaching-learning. For easier retrieval of recalled anatomical information, medical undergraduates use different mnemonics. But the effectiveness of different mnemonic techniques like ‘Rhyme’ and ‘Storytelling’ has not been addressed systematically. Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2017 to February 2018 and sample was collected from two public medical colleges in Dhaka City. Total 93 first year medical undergraduates of both sex were selected and divided into three groups (‘Rhyme’, ‘Storytelling’ and control) in the ‘memory tests’ on Neuronantomy. The effectiveness in memorizing anatomical information was determined and differences between effectiveness detected by comparing the performances of medical undergraduates. Results: Judging by the performances of the medical undergraduates, ‘Rhyme’ was found significantly more effective in memorizing anatomical information than ‘Storytelling’ and control group. Conclusion: The idea regarding the effectiveness of specific mnemonic techniques should be helpful in deciding on where and how to use or avoid the use of mnemonics according to their actual potentials.
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Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer las relaciones entre habilidades de lenguaje expresivo y receptivo y habilidades prelectoras en niños en edad preescolar. Usando un diseño metodológico empírico observacional de corte transversal se evaluaron las habilidades de lenguaje oral y habilidades fonológicas a un total de 106 preescolares. Los modelos de regresión multivariante señalan que las habilidades expresivas explican una mayor varianza de habilidades fonológicas implicadas en la detección de rimas y sonidos iniciales de las palabras, precursores importantes para el aprendizaje posterior de la lectoescritura.
Abstract The objective of this study was to establish the relationship of receptive and expressive language abilities with pre-reading skills in preschoolers. An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out by evaluating oral language abilities and phonological skills in a total sample of 106 children. Multivariate regression models pointed out that expressive abilities significantly explain the variance of the phonological skills implied in the detection of rhymes and initial phonemes, which are important precursors for the subsequent literacy learning.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Idioma , Leitura , Aprendizagem , LinguísticaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION@#Administration of parenteral medications may cause pain in infants. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a nursery rhyme in increasing the comfort of infants after vaccination.@*METHODS@#Infants who were brought to six barangay health centers for vaccination were recruited. Infants from three barangay health centers were randomly assigned to the experimental group, while infants from the other three were assigned to the control group. A Filipino nursery rhyme Tatlong Bibe was played to the experimental group. The comfort of each infant was then assessed by a pediatrician prior to, immediately after, and two minutes post-vaccination using the COMFORTB scale. Results were analyzed using independent t-tests.@*RESULTS@#Prior to vaccination, the control and experimental groups had mean COMFORT-B scores of 12.46 and 12.74 (p = 0.634), respectively. The immediate post-vaccination mean COMFORT-B scores were 22.14 and 21.63 (p = 0.420), while the 2 minutes post-vaccination mean COMFORT-B scores were 16.40 and 16.49 (p = 0.927), respectively. There were no significant differences between groups for the three determinations.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the study results, the nursery rhyme had no significant effect on the comfort of infants after vaccination.
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An App for Android intelligent mobile phone to recite prescriptions in rhyme and learn infused pre-scriptions of traditional Chinese medicine was developed in order to meet the requirement of students majoring in traditional Chinese medicine and lovers of traditional Chinese medicine, which can show the assistant and guide of prescriptions in rhyme by different colors. An interface linked with each corresponding traditional Chinese medicine was added into the App to show its picture, properties, effect and application for the interaction between database server and mobile phone users and the aim to recite prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine and learn tradi-tional Chinese medicine.
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Objective To observation Valsartan on maintain sinus rhyme with hypertension after atrial fibrillation reversion.Methods 73 patients with hypertension after atrial fibrillation reversion,They were randomly divided into treating group and control group.37 patients were in treating group,and 36 patients were in control group.All patients were taken amiodarone 200 mg QD after atrial fibrillation reversion.The control group were treated with general anti-hypertension therapy except ACEI and ARB.Patients of treating group were treated with general anti-hypertension therapy add with Valsartan 80 mg QD.All patients were examined with UCG and dynamic electro cardiogram before therapy and after 3,6,12 and 18 months.Results The left atrial dimension of treating group were smaller then the control group.The rates of maintain sinus in treating group were higher then the control group.Conclusion We should use amiodarone and Valsartan to treat the patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation,Valsartan also has definite curative effect in maintain sinus rhyme except control blood pasture.