How Iranian Women with Human Papillomavirus Infections Describe Their Male Counterparts Risky Sexual Behaviours

Human papillomavirus infection among sexually active women is a challenging clinical matter. Women's viewpoints toward healthy or risky sexual behaviours are regarded as central influences on male counterparts infected with sexually transmitted infection. In this study we aimed to explore the means by which women with HPV conceptualize their male counterpart's risky sexual behaviours.METHODSThe qualitative research was carried out from September 2017 to December 2018 in the Firozgar hospital in Tehran, using content analysis. Participants were 30 HPV-positive women. Data was collected by three focus group discussions using a semi-structured interviews guide. Moreover, we collected demographic and self-rated physical health data. Two co-authors served as coders.RESULTSSix themes including sexual life and gender dynamics, Resentment and risk, sexuality education and risk awareness, male oriented sexuality, substance abuse and sexual risk, marital construction and risk frame emerged from data. Data revealed that women had conceptualized their sexual self-concept in a male-oriented frame and put themselves at risk in order to confront this aggrieved partnership.CONCLUSIONSOur findings revealed views of affected women with papillomavirus infections. Having risky sexual behaviours from their spouse, multi partnerships, hiding the disease, lack of condom use, violence, lack of emotional support, financial support and inadequate sexual life role could affect the marital system in Iranian married women and leads them to adopt risky behaviour and subsequently to contract HPV.

Prevalencia de antecedentes sexuales de riesgo en mujeres privadas de libertad. Análisis exploratorio de factores asociados a comportamientos de alto riesgo / Prevalence of a history of risky sexual behaviours among women in jail. Exploratory analysis of factors associated with high risk behaviours

RESUMEN Objetivos: Describir prevalência de antecedentes de comportamientos sexuales de riesgo en reclusas de Concepción (Chile) en 2016, y realizar análisis exploratorio de factores asociados a conductas de riesgo. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo con análisis exploratorio, realizado en reclusas del complejo penitenciario El Manzano, con 18 años o más, pertenecientes al sistema cerrado carcelario y con inicio de actividad sexual. Muestreo por conveniencia. Se evaluaron antecedentes de conductas sexuales de riesgo, factores sociodemográficos, contexto familiar y estilos de vida. Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas para análisis descriptivo, y odds ratio para análisis de factores asociados. Resultados: Participaron 73 mujeres en privación de la libertad. El 60 % inició su actividad sexual antes de los 16 años y fue madre adolescente. Alrededor del 40 % tuvo relaciones sexuales bajo el efecto del alcohol o las drogas, y cerca del 20 % fue agredida sexualmente en algún momento de su vida. Cerca del 9 % refirió no ser fiel a sus parejas o estar pasando por un proceso de homosexualidad situacional. Las reclusas con > 6 conductas sexuales riesgosas mostraron mayor probabilidad de haber sufrido violencia intrafamiliar (OR = 3,57; IC 95 %: 1,05-12,11), consumir drogas (OR= 4,83; IC 95 %1,42-16,40) o alcohol (OR= 3,63; IC 95 %: 1,15-11,42). Sin embargo, pertenecer a una religión cristiana se asoció a menor probabilidad de comportamiento sexual de riesgo (OR = 0,26; IC 95 %: 0,07-0,90). Conclusión: Las principales conductas sexuales de riesgo fueron iniciar la actividad sexual antes de los 16 años y haber sido madre adolescente. Por otro lado, pertenecer a una ideología religiosa fue factor protector de este comportamiento sexual.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the prevalence of a history of risky sexual behaviours among female prisoners in Concepción-Chile 2016, and to conduct an exploratory analysis of the factors associated with these risky behaviours. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with exploratory analysis, conducted in females held prisoners at the "El Manzano" Penitentiary Complex, 18 years of age or older, belonging to the closed jail system, and having already initiated sexual activity. Convenience sampling was used. A background history of risky sexual behaviours, sociodemographic factors, family context and life-style was assessed. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for the descriptive analysis, and odds ratios for associated factors. Results: The participants were 73 women in jail. Of them, 60 % initiated their sexual activity before 16 years of age and were teenage mothers. Close to 40% had intercourse under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and close to 20% sexually assaulted at some point in their lives. Approximately 9 % reported not being faithful to their partners or being in a process of situational homosexuality. Prisoners with >6 risky sexual behaviours had a higher probability of having suffered family violence (OR = 3.57; 95 % CI 1.05-12.11), abused drugs (OR = 4.83; 95 % CI 1.42-16.40) or alcohol (OR = 3.63; 95 % CI 1.1511.42). However, belonging to a Christian religion was associated with a lower probability of risky sexual behaviours (OR = 0.26; 95 % CI 0.07-0.90). Conclusion: The main risky sexual behaviours included sexual activity initiation before 16 years of age, and teenage motherhood. On the other hand, affiliation to a religious ideology was protective from these sexual behaviours.

Prevalencia de conductas sexuales de riesgo en estudiantes de primer año de pregrado de la universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile, 2016: estudio descriptivo / Prevalence of risky sexual behaviours among first-year undergraduate students at Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción-Chile, 2016: Descriptive study

RESUMEN Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de conductas sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes, y compararlas según sexo en una población universitaria en Chile. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en estudiantes de primer año de pregrado, matriculados en 2016, en una universidad privada ubicada en Concepción, Chile. Tamaño muestral: 328 sujetos; muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas, conductas sexuales de riesgo y otras conductas de caracterización sexual. Por otra parte, se compararon conductas sexuales de riesgo según sexo. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, el análisis comparativo se realizó mediante Ji cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher. Resultados: Se estudiaron 107 mujeres y 77 hombres. Las principales conductas sexuales de riesgo fueron el inicio de la actividad sexual antes de los 18 años (88,31 %; 74,77 % respectivamente), haber tenido más de una pareja sexual (66,24 %; 53,27 % respectivamente) y una muy baja frecuencia del uso de preservativo durante la relación en mujeres (48 %). Al comparar las conductas por sexo se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la edad de inicio de la actividad sexual (p = 0,022), en el número de parejas sexuales (p = 0,008) y en el uso de preservativo (p = 0,001). Conclusiones: Más de la mitad de los estudiantes adolescentes mostraron conductas sexuales de riesgo. Estos resultados dan luces sobre la necesidad de fortalecer las políticas públicas chilenas dirigidas a la población adolescente joven, sobre todo si se considera que dentro de los objetivos estratégicos de salud chilenos se encuentran la disminución del embarazo adolescente y de las infecciones de transmisión sexual.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the prevalence of risky sexual behaviours in adolescents and to make a comparison by sex in a population of undergraduate students in Chile. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in first-year undergraduate students enrolled in 2016 in a private university in Concepción-Chile. The sample size consisted of 328 subjects, and non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. The variables measured were sociodemographic characteristics, risky sexual behaviours and other sexual characterisation behaviours. On the other hand risky sexual behaviours were compared by sex. Descriptive statistics were used and the Chi square test or Fisher's exact test were used for the comparative analysis. Results: Overall, 107 women and 77 men were studied. The main risky sexual behaviours were initiation of sexual activity before 18 years of age (88.31 %; 74.77 %, respectively), having had more than one sexual partner (66.24 %; 53.27 %, respectively), and a very low frequency of preservative use during intercourse in women (48 %). Comparison of behaviours by sex showed statistically significant differences between men and women in terms of the age of initiation of sexual activity (p = 0.022), the number of sex partners (p = 0.008), and preservative use (p = 0.001). Conclusions: More than half of the adolescent students exhibited risky sexual behaviours. These results shed light on the need to strengthen public policy pertaining to the population of adolescents and young adults in Chile, in particular considering that reducing teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases is one of the strategic health goals in Chile.

RESEARCH ON RISKY BEHAVIOUR AND HIV PREVALENCE INFECTION AMONG FISHERMEN IN KIEN GIANG PROVINCE - 2007

Background: There is limited study on risk behavior and HIV in fishermen. Objective: To define risky behavior and HIV among fishermen in Kien Giang. Subject and Method: Cross - sectional survey on 499 fishermen in Kien Giang. Results: The average age was 28.9, and approximately 43.5% were not married. Almost all were educated to primary and secondary level, while the illiterate ones accounted for 9.0%. The average age when people had sex for the first time was 19.7. The rate of drug abuse was 0.8%, but none of them injected drug. The number of people who thoroughly understood about HIV preventions accounted for 79.8%. A majority of people who answered showed positive attitude towards PLWA, 95.1 % of whom implied that they were ready to take care of HIV - infected family members. However there was about 77.8%, people who wanted to keep their infection status confidential. The proportion of people always using condom when having sex with CSWs during the past 12 months was only 65.9%. The rate of people who already had an HIV test was 11.2% and the rate of HIV infection among the target group accounted for 0.6%. Conclusion: Direct communication model with the message on using condoms when having sex and consultation for examination is suggested for prevention on HIV/AIDS in fishermen.