RESUMO
Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is one of the hotspots in colorectal surgery in recent years. Although most studies confirm that taTME is safe and feasible, some studies still showed that the morbidity of complication and local recurrence rate of taTME were higher than traditional laparoscopic surgery. This article reviews and analyzes the short-term and long-term outcomes of taTME and the related progress of postoperative function. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the main short-term and long-term efficacy between taTME and traditional laparoscopic TME, but taTME had potential advantages in postoperative functional recovery. The results of case study after passing the learning curve suggested that taTME had better short-term and long-term efficacy. Moreover, with the maturity of taTME technology, transanal endoscopic surgery has gradually shown its advantages in the treatment of complex pelvic diseases. In the future, the application of single-port robot will further promote the development of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic colorectal surgery.