Prevalence risk of sarcopenia in older Brazilian adults during the pandemic: A cross-sectional analysis of the Remobilize Study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Social distancing has led to lifestyle changes among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence risk of sarcopenia (RS) and investigate its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in older Brazilian adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional observational analysis of baseline data as part of the Remobilize Study. METHODS: Participants in the study were older adults (≥ 60 years), excluding those who were bedridden or institutionalized. The data collected consisted of answers about the RS (SARC-F), functional status, walking, sedentary behavior (SB), pain, comorbidity, and life space mobility. RESULTS: A total of 1,482 older adults (70 ± 8.14 years, 74% women) participated in the study, and an RS prevalence of 17.1% was found. (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.25-19.15%). The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant association between RS and functional limitation (odds ratio [OR]: 19.05; CI 13.00-28.32), comorbidity (OR: 5.11; CI 3.44-7.81), pain (OR: 4.56; CI 3.33-6.28), total walking (OR: 0.99; CI 0.99-1.00), SB of 8-10 hours (OR: 1.85; CI 1.15-2.93), and SB of > 10 hours (OR: 3.93; CI 2.48-6.22). RS was associated with mobility during the pandemic (OR: 0.97; CI 0.96-0.98). P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, the prevalence of RS in older Brazilians was estimated at 17.1%. Moderate to severe functional limitation, comorbidities, presence of pain, walking, longer SB period, and reduced life space mobility significantly contributed to RS in older adults during the pandemic.

"Tabela Periódica" da Anticoncepção ­ uma ferramenta na escolha contraceptiva / "Periodic Table" of Contraception ­ a tool in the contraceptive choice

Estima-se que 40% das gestações no mundo sejam não planejadas. Em países de baixa renda, complicações no parto são a maior causa de morte entre mulheres de 15 a 19 anos. A disponibilidade de métodos contraceptivos reversíveis é necessária para o adequado planejamento reprodutivo. Entre os métodos reversíveis, os de longa ação (LARCs) são os mais efetivos. Métodos de curta ação (SARCs) são preferenciais para pacientes que desejam gestar a curto prazo e para as quais a gestação não será indesejada. O presente estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura, de artigos em inglês e português publicados entre 2009 e 2020, utilizando as bases de dados SciELO, Medline e Embase. O objetivo desta revisão é apresentar os LARCs e SARCs em uma tabela com dados comparativos que auxiliem na tomada de decisão do médico e da paciente e permita estabelecer estratégias para um planejamento familiar adequado.(AU)

It is estimated that 40% of pregnancies in the world are unplanned. In low-income countries, complications in childbirth are the major cause of death among women aged 15 to 19 years. The availability of reversible contraceptive methods is necessary for proper reproductive planning. Among the reversible methods, long-acting reversible contraception (LARCs) is the most effective. Short-acting reversible contraception (SARCs) methods are preferred for patients who wish to become pregnant in the short term and for whom pregnancy will not be undesirable. The present study is a narrative review of the literature, of articles in English and Portuguese published between 2009 and 2020, using the databases SciELO, Medline and Embase. The purpose of this review is to present the LARCs and SARCs in a table with comparative data that assist in the decision making of the doctor and the patient and allow to establish strategies for adequate family planning.(AU)

Meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of the Simple Five item Scoring Scale for Sarcopenia in elderly patients with sarcopenia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Simple Five item Scoring Scale for Sarcopenia (SARC-F) by systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods:PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Wed of science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Ovid, China HowNet database, China biomedical data, VIP database and Wanfang database were searched by computer, and all the researches related to SARC-F questionnaire's diagnosis of sarcopenia from the establishment of the database to March 1, 2020 were collected. Two researchers independently selected literature, extracted data, and evaluated the bias risk of the study. Revman 5.3 software, Stata16.0software were used to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of SARC-F questionnaire for sarcopenia.Results:A total of 13 studies involving 8 860 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria established by the European Working Group of Sarcopenia, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and the International Working Group for Sarcopenia were used as the gold standard. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.71, 0.69 and 0.67 respectively, and the Q-index was 0.659 3, 0.650 9 and 0.631 6.Conclusion:SARC-F questionnaire has a certain value in the screening and diagnosis of sarcopenia. In the future research, it is suggested to add the simple measurement of muscle quality on the basis of this scale to improve the accuracy of the questionnaire screening

Desigualdade social e subjetividade revolucionária: os desafios do trabalho da psicologia no CRAS / Social inequality and revolutionary subjectivity: the challenges of psychology work at the CRAS / Desigualdad social y subjetividad revolucionaria: los desafíos del trabajo de la psicología en el CRAS

Com a implantação do SUAS, a Assistência Social passou por importantes reformulações, as quais têm alterado não somente o padrão de funcionamento da política pública, mas também requerem novas formas de organização e trabalho, novos papéis e competências dos atores sociais nela envolvidos. Com isso, o profissional da Psicologia passa a ser requisitado para contribuir com seus conhecimentos e métodos de trabalho. Inserção que trouxe inquietações e desafios no exercício profissional para os psicólogos e psicólogas no campo da política de Assistência Social. Neste artigo, pretendemos refletir sobre a importância do trabalho da Psicologia no CRAS, tomando a subjetividade revolucionária como seu lócus específico de atuação no enfrentamento da desigualdade social. Para isso, buscamos os pressupostos teóricos da Psicologia sócio-histórica, por meio de conceitos como sofrimento éticopolítico e subjetividade revolucionária, elaborados por Bader Sawaia, que estuda o processo dialético exclusão-inclusão, inspirada nas teorias de Vigotski e Espinosa.

With the implementation of Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS - Portuguese acronym), the Social Assistance went through important reformulations, which have changed the operational standard of the public policy, and have been demanding new forms of organization and work, new roles and competence from participating social actors. On the top of that, Psychology workers have been required to contribute with their knowledge and working methods. An Insertion that brought concerns and challenges in the psychologists’ professional practice in the field of social assistance policy. In this article, we intend to bring into light the importance of the Psychology work at the SARC, taking the revolutionary subjectivity as its specific locus of action when coping with social inequality. With this in mind, we have turned to the theoretical assumptions of sociohistorical Psychology, through concepts such as ethical-political distress and revolutionary subjectivity, elaborated by Bader Sawaia who studies the dialectical exclusion-inclusion process, inspired by the theories from Vygotsky and Espinosa.

Con la implementación del SUAS, la Asistencia Social ha pasado por importantes reformulaciones que cambiaron no sólo la norma de funcionamiento de las políticas públicas, como también se requieren nuevas formas de organización y trabajo, nuevas funciones y competencias de actores sociales involucrados. Por lo tanto, se pide al profesional de la Psicología que contribuya con sus conocimientos y métodos de trabajo. Inserción que ha traído inquietudes y desafíos en la práctica profesional para el psicólogo en el campo de la política de Asistencia Social. En este artículo, tenemos la intención de reflexionar sobre la importancia del trabajo de la Psicología en el CRAS, tomando la subjetividad revolucionaria como su locus específico de acción para hacer frente a la desigualdad social. Así, buscamos los supuestos teóricos de la Psicología socio-histórica, a través de conceptos como el sufrimiento ético-político y la subjetividad revolucionaria, elaborados por Bader Sawaia, quien estudia el proceso dialéctico de exclusión e inclusión, inspirado en las teorías de Vygotsky y Espinosa.

Possibilidades de atuação do psicanalista no centro de referência de assistência social / Possibilities of psychoanalyst's action at the social assistance reference center / Ámbito de actuación del psicoanalista en el centro de referencia de asistencia aocial

A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as possibilidades de atuação do psicanalista no Centro de Referência de Assistência Social - CRAS que integra a rede de proteção básica do Sistema Único de Assistência Social - SUAS. Utilizamos como metodologia de pesquisa a investigação bibliográfica exploratória, realizando um breve histórico sobre a evolução legislativa da assistência social no Brasil e a inserção do psicólogo nas Políticas Públicas de Assistência Social. Foram analisadas as possibilidades da inserção da psicanálise aplicada e da escuta psicanalítica fora do "setting" convencional. Buscou-se refletir sobre a extensão na contemporaneidade da prática da psicanálise aplicada no campo da assistência social, seus limites e possibilidades.

The research aims to investigate the possibilities of action at the Social Assistance Reference Center - SARC (Centro de Referência de Assistência Social - CRAS) that integrates the basic safety net of the Social Assistance Unique System - SAUS (Sistema Único de Assistência Social - SUAS). We used as research methodology the bibliographic exploratory research making a brief history of the legislative evolution of social assistance in Brazil and the insertion of psychologists in Public Policies for Social Assistance. The possibilities of applied psychoanalysis insertion and the psychoanalytic listening outside the standard "setting" were analyzed. We attempted to reflect on the extent in contemporaneity of the applied psychoanalysis practice in the field of social assistance, its limits and possibilities.

El estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar las posibilidades de actuación del analista en el Centro de Referencia de Asistencia Social ( "Trabajo Social") - CRAS que integra la red de seguridad básica del Sistema Único de Asistencia Social ("Trabajo Social) - ITS. Se utilizó como metodología de estudio la investigación bibliográfica exploratoria, haciendo una breve historia acerca de la evolución legislativa del trabajo social en Brasil y la inserción del psicólogos en Políticas Públicas de Trabajo Social. Se analizaron las posibilidades de inserción de psicoanálisis aplicado y la escucha psicoanalítica fuera del escenario ("setting") convencional. Hemos tratado de reflexionar acerca de la medida en la contemporaneidad práctica del psicoanálisis aplicado en el campo del trabajo social, sus límites y posibilidades.

Clinical-descriptive characters of SARS in National Institute for Research on Tropical Medicine-Bach Mai Hospital

Our descriptive-analytic observation study about clinical manifestations of SARS was performed on total 34 patients admitted to National Institute for Research on Tropical Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam. There were one patient with COPD and another patient with hypertensive heart failure. The mean age is 37.4 14.4 (18-76), males (13/34 (38.2%) and females 21/34 (61.8%). The mean incubation time is 8.73.6 (2-16) days. The common signs and symptoms are fever (100%), fatigue (94%), dry cough (67.6%, myalgia (55.9%), abnormal lung sounds (52.9%), headache (50%), chest pain (50%). There were 13/34 patients with diarrhea (38.2%), 8/34 with conjunctival and integumental congestion (23.5%), 5/34 with coryza (11.8%) and 2/34 with productive cough (5.9%), 11 severe patients had marked findings of respiratory failure with tachypnea, SpO2< 85% and abundant abnormal lung sounds, including 4 patients required BiPAP ventilation support. The mean age of these severe patients (48.714.7) is significantly higher than of remaining patients (32.011.0) with p value=0.0008. All patients have survived and have no fever after 10.5 days on average. In conclusion: the clinical manifestations of SARS patients in our study are not specific as fever caused by other common virus except findings of respiratory failure and the diagnosis should base on epidemiologic factors and chest X-ray imaging. The old age and reparatory failure degree may be factors associated with progressive disease.