Catechin interferes with SCD1 expression and prevents liver fibrosis in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate whether catechin can play against CCl

TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF SMOKING ON MALE FERTILITY OF BHAGALPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of tobacco use on male fertility in the Bhagalpur district of Bihar. A total of 20 men from infertile couples were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, and their sperm samples were collected along with their general information. General characteristics such as sperm concentration, count, motility, and morphology were observed. The sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay was used to calculate the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). A DFI 30% threshold was used to classify groups as normal (DFI< 30%) or abnormal (DFI > 30%). The smoking habit was found to be significantly related to sperm motility, morphology, and DFI. However, there was no correlation with sperm count. In this study, 5 out of 20 sperm samples had abnormal motility (< 32% progressive motility) and 9 out of 20 had abnormal sperm morphology (Teratozoospermia). Our findings revealed no link between DFI and motility or morphology. The sperm DNA fragmentation index did not have a strong correlation with other sperm parameters. As a result, as an additional step in determining sperm fertility, a sperm DNA fragmentation assay should be performed.

Assessment of sCD14 levels in patients with endodontic pathology requiring root canal treatment / Avaliação dos níveis de sCD14 em pacientes que necessitam de tratamento endodôntico

Objective: Dental caries is one of the most common microbial diseases. Because of the infectious nature of the disease, the immunologic response by the host plays an essential role in its development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sCD14 levels in patients exhibiting two to three teeth with caries involving pulp along with apical periodontitis requiring root canal treatment. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 20 participants, of whom 10 were caries-free (Control) and 10 had two to three teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis along with apical periodontitis requiring root canal treatment, within the ages of 20- 30 years. Unstimulated saliva of the participants was collected with disposable needle-less syringe from buccal and labial vestibules. The sCD14 levels in salivary samples were assessed before and following endodontic treatment. The results were analyzed by ELISA. Results: The obtained levels of sCD14 were analyzed statistically. Paired T test was performed to assess the significance. The results revealed that there was a significant difference in sCD14 levels with a P=0.0005, as it had drastically reduced once the inflammation has subsided. Conclusion: Higher values of sCD14 levels were seen in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis along with apical periodontitis than in caries free group. The study also showed that sCD levels were significantly reduced following post endodontic treatment. Therefore, increased levels of sCD14 can be considered as a marker of inflammation. (AU)

Objetivo: A cárie dentária é uma das doenças microbianas mais comuns. Devido à natureza infecciosa da doença, a resposta imunológica do hospedeiro desempenha um papel essencial no seu desenvolvimento. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de sCD14 em pacientes que possuiam dois a três dentes com necessidade de tratamento endodôntico por apresentarem lesão de cárie envolvendo polpa e periodontite periapical. Material e Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado em 20 participantes, dos quais 10 estavam livres de cárie (controle) e 10 tinham dois a três dentes com pulpite irreversível sintomática e periodontite periapical com necessidade de tratamento endodôntico, nas idades de 20 a 30 anos. A saliva não estimulada das crianças foi coletada com seringa descartável sem agulha dos vestíbulos bucal e labial. Os níveis de sCD14 em amostras salivares foram avaliados antes e após o tratamento endodôntico. Os resultados foram analisados por ELISA. Resultados: Os níveis de sCD14 obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente. O teste T pareado foi realizado para avaliar a significância. Os resultados revelaram que houve uma diferença significativa nos níveis de sCD14 com um P = 0,0005, uma vez que reduziu drasticamente uma vez que a inflamação diminuiu. Resultados: Os níveis de sCD14 obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente. O teste T pareado foi realizado para avaliar a significância. Os resultados revelaram que houve uma diferença significativa nos níveis de sCD14 com um P = 0,0005, uma vez que reduziu drasticamente uma vez que a inflamação diminuiu. Conclusão: Valores mais elevados de níveis de sCD14 foram observados em pacientes com pulpite irreversível sintomática junto com periodontite periapical do que no grupo livre de cárie. O estudo também mostrou que os níveis de sCD foram significativamente reduzidos após o tratamento endodôntico. Portanto, níveis aumentados de sCD14 podem ser considerados um marcador de inflamação. (AU)

Neuropsychological Changes in Children with Sickle Cell Disease and Their Correlation to the Imaging Studies

Background:Early detection of neuropsychological changes in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is essential to improve their quality of life. Aim of the Work: To assess neurological and psychological disorders in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) using multimodal approach through clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies in a trial to detect etiological risk factors.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Placeand Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Pediatric (Hematology Unit) and Department of Neurology, Tanta University Hospital Egypt, between April 2016 and April 2018.Methodology:This study was conducted on 50 children (27 male and 23 female; age range 2-18 years) with SCD and 25 healthy children matched age and sex. All subjects were subjected to full history taking, neurologic examination using pediatric neurological sheet, laboratory investigations, neuroimaging including: CT and /or MRI, MRA and/or CT angiography, also MR, EEG and Stanford-Binet Intelligence scales-Fifth Edition. Results:Most of patients presented with headache 66%, cognitive decline 48%, seizures 28%, and visual affection 24%. Less common presentations were, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke 6%and 4% respectively. SCD children showed many abnormalities on neurological examination and on different modalities of MR imaging on the brain with positive correlation (X2=7.641, p-value <0.001*, r=0.248) with many risk factors. Prophylactic blood transfusion in SCD patients with abnormal TCD had a role in reducing the incidence of stroke. Conclusion: Children with SCD were presented with variable neuropsychological disturbance that correlated with the brain imaging.

Effects of SCD-1 gene overexpression on the content of calcium ion and lipids in duck uterine epithelial cells / 生物工程学报

Stearoyl-CoAdesaturase-1 (SCD-1) is a key regulator of monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis. It plays a vital role in lipid synthesis and metabolism. Ca²⁺ is an important cation in the body and plays an important role in the organism. The aims of this study were to investigate the correlation of SCD-1 gene overexpression with lipid indexes and calcium ion level. The pcDNA3.1 (+) + SCD-1 +Flag eukaryotic expression vector and cultured duck uterine epithelial cells were co-transfected. The overexpression of SCD-1 gene was measured using the Flag Label Detection Kit. Ca ions and lipid contents were detected through Fluo-3/AM Calcium Ion Fluorescence Labeling method and Lipid Measuring Kit, respectively. SCD-1 gene overexpression was negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and positively correlated with Ca ion, total cholesterol (TC), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Meanwhile, Ca ion was positively correlated with TG, LDL-C and HDL-C contents, and negatively correlated with TC and VLDL-C levels. Overexpression of SCD-1 gene could regulate Ca ion secretion, as well as lipid synthesis and transport in duck uterine epithelial cells.

Statistics for N = 1: a non-parametric Bayesian approach / Estatística para N = 1: uma abordagem Bayesiana não paramétrica

Research in education is often associated with comparing group averages and linear relations in sufficiently large samples and evidence-based practice is about using the outcomes of that research in the practice of education. However, there are questions that are important for the practice of education that cannot really be addressed by comparisons of group averages and linear relations, no matter how large the samples. Besides, different types of constraints including logistic, financial, and ethical ones may make larger-sample research unfeasible or at least questionable. What has remained less known in many fields is that there are study designs and statistical methods for research involving small samples or even individuals that allow us to address questions of importance for the practice of education. This article discusses one type of such situations and provides a simple coherent statistical approach that provides point and interval estimates of differences of interest regardless of the type of the outcome variable and that is of use in other types of studies involving large samples, small samples, and single individuals.

A pesquisa em educação é frequentemente associada à comparação de médias de grupo e relações lineares em amostras suficientemente grandes, e a prática baseada em evidências trata do uso dos resultados dessa pesquisa na prática educacional. No entanto, há questões importantes para a prática da educação que não podem ser realmente abordadas por comparações de médias de grupo e relações lineares, por maiores que sejam as amostras. Além disso, diferentes tipos de restrições, incluindo as logísticas, financeiras e éticas, podem tornar a pesquisa com amostras maiores inviável ou, pelo menos, questionável. O que tem ficado menos conhecido em muitos campos é que existem desenhos de estudos e métodos estatísticos para pesquisas envolvendo pequenas amostras ou mesmo indivíduos que nos permitem abordar questões de importância para a prática da educação. Este artigo discute um tipo de tais situações e fornece uma abordagem estatística coerente simples que fornece estimativas de ponto e intervalo de diferenças de interesse, independentemente do tipo de variável de resultado e que é útil em outros tipos de estudos envolvendo grandes amostras, pequenas amostras, e indivíduos solteiros.

Biochemical Assessment of the Liver in SCD in a Tertiary Hospital in South-South, Nigeria

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is often associated with liver disease. The constant state of haemolysis, multiple blood transfusion, viral hepatitis, hepatic sinusoidal congestion, haemosiderosis and cholestasis, are all conditions which may eventually evolve into liver disease. Sickle cell disease is a heterogeneous group of disorders that is usually associated with an autosomal recessive structural haemoglobin disorder. Biochemical abnormalities have been associated with SCD and it is usually more pronounced in vaso occlusive crises; an acute bone crisis and common painful complication of SCD, than in steady state. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess some biochemicalparameters in relation to SCD patients in our environment with a view to improving the monitoring and management of these patients. Methodology: The study was a comparative hospital based research carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar, South-South Nigeria. Liver function tests were carried out on 60 SCA both in steady state and in crisis and also on 50 apparently healthy adults. The data collected were analyzed using statistical data for social sciences (SPSS) Version 22 for windows. Pearson linear correlation and simple inferential statistical methods were employed for data analysis, a P ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Result: The serum concentrations of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, Total and conjugated bilirubin were seen to be elevated in VOC compared to in steady state and with the apparently healthy control group. The AST/ALT ratio was also observed to be elevated in VOC as compared with the steady state and the control. Significant product moment correlation was observed in the biochemical parameters both in steady state and in VOC.Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed marked changes in the biochemical parameters of the liver in VOC than in steady state. It will be recommended that routine evaluation and proper interpretation of liver enzymes is paramount in early detection of liver pathology in SCD

Carotid and femoral intima-media thickness in adults with sickle cell disease

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) and Femoral Intima Media Thickness (FIMT) in adults with SCD.Methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study with control group was carried out in Department of Medicine at Acharya Vinoba Bhave rural hospital over a period of 6months from January to June 2018. A total of 100 (50 cases of SCD, 50 normal subjects) were studied. In the SCD group, 35 cases were patients regular follow up cases and 15 patients were in sickle cell crisis. CIMT of both left and right carotids were taken and the mean of the two values were recorded. The IMT was also measured in the right common femoral artery (RCFA) and left common femoral artery.Results: SCD patients in steady state had significantly decreased Hb%, increased WBC counts and platelet counts as compared to healthy controls. The mean right FIMT, left FIMT, right CIMT and left CIMT the patients with SCD with crisis were significantly higher than that of the patients without SCD (P<0.001). One way showed that there were significant differences in duration of disease in mean level of Hb%, WBC count, platelet count of the patients in the three groups (p<0.01).Conclusions: CIMT and FIMT can pick up the macrovascular involvement early and can be utilized as screening tools to predict vascular injury so that at risk individuals would be subjected to proper treatment protocols, especially hydroxyurea therapy early on.

RASAL1 induces to downregulate the SCD1, leading to suppression of cell proliferation in colon cancer via LXRα/SREBP1c pathway

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have confirmed that RASAL1 has an antitumor effect in many cancers, but its functional role and the molecular mechanism underlying in colon cancer has not been investigated. RESULTS: We collected human colon cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, human colon cancer cell lines LoVo, CaCo2, SW1116, SW480 and HCT-116, and normal colonic mucosa cell line NCM460. RT-qPCR was used to detect the RASAL1 level in the clinical tissues and cell lines. In LoVo and HCT-116, RASAL1 was artificially overexpressed. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using CCK-8 assays, and cell cycle was detected via PI staining and flow cytometry analysis. RASAL1 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation via inducing cell cycle arrest, suppressed cell cycle associated protein expression, and decreased the lipid content and inhibited the SCD1 expression. Moreover, SCD1 overexpression induced and downregulation repressed cell proliferation by causing cell cycle arrest. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the direct binding between SREBP1c, LXRα; and SCD1 promoter, we also demonstrated that RASAL1 inhibit SCD1 3'-UTR activity. RASAL1 inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice models and shows inhibitory effect of SCD1 expression in vivo. CONCLUSION: Taken together, we concluded that RASAL1 inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation via modulating SCD1 activity through LXRα/SREBP1c pathway.

Diagnostic value and prognostic evaluation of presepsin for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of measuring presepsin in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Plasma prsepsin was collected from 81 patients with ARDS,27 patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) and 20 healthy volunteers at enrollment.Levels of presepsin were measured using the PATHFAST(R) analysis system based on a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA).The differences of plasma prsepsin were compared between different groups.The 28-day mortality were followed in ARDS patients,and the characteristics of the surviors and non-surviors were compared.Results ARDS patients had significantly higher median levels of presepsin compared to CPE patients [926.89 (485.41-2 662.32)pg/mL vs.376.21 (247.16-568.52) pg/mL,P＜0.001] at enrollment.The difference between infected and non-infected ARDS patients did not showed statistical significance [(934.74 (456.44-3 322.51) pg/mL vs.798.12 (485.41-2 561.40) pg/mL,P--0.079).In ARDS patients,the presepsin levels of non-survivors was significantly higher than that of survivors [3 158.3 (963.91-4 489.33) pg/mL vs.729.09 (398.05-1 467.24) pg/mL,P＜0.001],and multivariate Logistic regression showed that presepsin (OR =1.51,P =0.027) was the independent predictor for 28-day mortality in ARDS patients with acute lung injury (ALI).Conclusions Presepsin was an effective indicator in diagnosing ARDS,and it also was a strong prognostic marker for short-term mortality in ARDS.

Móleculas protrombóticas en niños con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 / Study of prothrombotic molecules in type 1 diabetes mellitus children

Introducción: la hiperglucemia contribuye a cambios moleculares que alteran la hemostasia. Objetivos: determinar moléculas circulantes que indiquen la presencia de un estado protrombótico en una población infanto juvenil con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1), sin manifestación clínica de enfermedad vascular, y compararla con una población control. Pacientes y métodos: se estudiaron 35 pacientes con DM1, de 11,0±2,5 años de edad y 3,7±2,0 años de evolución de la enfermedad, sin complicaciones vasculares y 20 controles sanos de edad, sexo e IMC semejantes. Se determinaron: fibrinógeno (Fg), inhibidor del activador del plasminógeno 1 (PAI-1), antígeno del factor von Willebrand (FvW:Ag), ligando CD40 soluble (sCD40L) y pruebas globales de coagulación como recuento de plaquetas, tiempo de protrombina (TP) y tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activado (APTT). El control glucémico se evaluó mediante glucemia en ayunas y A1c, y se descartó la presencia de retinopatía y nefropatía. Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS 20 para Windows y se expresaron como media±DE. El coeficiente de Pearson se usó para investigar las correlaciones entre las variables estudiadas. Resultados: los pacientes con DM1 presentaron valores significativamente mayores de Fg (308±66 vs 246±18 mg/dL, p=0,0001), PAI-1 (41,6±12 vs 11,7±1,0 ng/mL, p=0,0001), FvW:Ag (284±55 vs 121±19 %, p=0,0001) y sCD40L (1608±109 vs 149±17 pg/mL, p=0,0001). Sin embargo las pruebas globales de hemostasia no mostraron diferencias entre ambos grupos. El PAI-1 y sCD40L se correlacionaron con glucemia, A1c, Fg y FvW:Ag. Conclusiones: los niveles elevados de Fg, PAI-1, FvW:Ag y sCD40L sugieren la presencia de un estado protrombótico en la población infanto juvenil con DM1

Introduction: hyperglycemia contributes to molecular changes that alter hemostasis. Objectives: to determine molecules of a prothrombotic state in a child-juvenile population with type 1 diabetes (T1D), without clinical manifestation of vascular disease, and compare it with a control population. Patients and methods: thirty-five patients with T1D (11.0±2.5 years and 3.7±2.0 years of disease duration), without vascular complications and 20 healthy controls were studied. Plasma fibrinogen (Pf), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), von Willebrand factor antigen vWF:Ag and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and coagulation global tests such as platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were determined. The data obtained were analized by Statistics SPSS 20 software and were expressed as the mean±standard desviation. Pearson coefficient was used to investigate correlations between variables. Results: diabetic patients presented significantly higher values of glycaemia, A1c, Fg (308± 66 vs 246±18 mg/dL, p=0.0001), PAI-1 (41.6±12 vs 11.7±1, 0 ng/mL, p=0.0001), vWF:Ag (284±55 vs 121±19%, p= 0.0001) and sCD40L (1608±109 vs 149±17 pg/mL, p=0.0001). However, overall hemostasis tests showed no differences between both groups, PAI-1 and sCD40L correlated with glycemia, A1c, Fg and vWF:Ag. Conclusions: high levels of Fg, PAI-1, vWF:Ag and sCD40L suggest the presence of a prothrombotic state in the infant population juvenil with DT1

Nuevas áreas de vida ­ Revisión muerte súbita 2018 / New areas of life ­ Sudden death review 2018

Una de cada cinco muertes en adultos en países desarrollados se debe a causas cardiovasculares; la mitad de esas muertes se produce de forma súbita y un gran porcentaje en el ámbito extrahospitalario. Las medidas de prevención se dividen en: aquellas destinadas a prevenir en primer lugar que el evento de muerte súbita cardíaca suceda, y aquellas cuyo objetivo es actuar en el momento en que el evento de muerte súbita está sucediendo. Las primeras tienen como objetivo disminuir las principales causas de muerte súbita en países desarrollados: las cardiopatías estructurales (cuya principal causa es la enfermedad coronaria). En este sentido, con el fin de intentar paliar el desarrollo de una cardiopatía que predisponga a la aparición de arritmias fatales y la MSC, se implementan medidas de prevención primarias higiénico-dietéticas y farmacológicas (con el objetivo de disminuir y el controlar los factores de riesgo) y, en aquellos con enfermedad cardiovascular ya establecida, se implementan las estrategias secundarias farmacológicas y/o quirúrgicas (revascularización, reemplazo valvular, etc.). El segundo abordaje surge del hecho de que, a pesar de todas estas medidas, un gran número de pacientes presentará eventos arrítmicos en el ámbito extrahospitalario (MSCEH), ya sea porque aunque recibieron el tratamiento óptimo presentan aún un elevado riesgo de MSC, porque no fueron diagnosticados a tiempo o porque a pesar de haber hecho estudios complementarios el diagnóstico es muy dificultoso. Existen dos estrategias: la primera son los dispositivos de cardiodesfibrilación implantables (o, más recientes, los chalecos vestibles). Estos aparatos están indicados para una población seleccionada, sea por haber presentado ya un episodio de muerte súbita abortado, o por presentar una cardiopatía (estructural o genética) que predisponga a una mayor probabilidad de sufrir un evento. La segunda estrategia es la educación y el desarrollo de programas de salud pública que permitan capacitar a la población general en la realización de RCP y el uso de desfibriladores automáticos externos (DEAs), los cuales deberían estar disponibles en cualquier lugar público. Múltiples estudios demostraron que el acceso de la población general al aprendizaje de maniobras de RCP sencillas y pragmáticas y la presencia de DEAs se traduce en un gran aumento de sobrevida sin secuelas en víctimas de MSCEH. (AU)

One of every five deaths in adults is due to cardiovascular causes, in developed countries, and half of these deaths will occur suddenly. A large percentage occur in the out of hospital setting, so measures to prevent it are divided into: those designed to prevent, in the first place, the sudden cardiac death event from happening and those whose purpose is to act when the sudden death event that has already occurred and it´s ongoing. The first aims to reduce the main causes of sudden death in developed countries: structural heart disease (with coronary heart disease as its main cause). In this regard, with the purpose to mitigate the development of a heart disease that predisposes the occurrence of fatal arrhythmias and SCD, we have primary prevention measures, like healthy life style conduct with or without pharmacological treatment, (whose objective is the reduction and control of cardiovascular risk factors) and, in those with cardiovascular disease already established, there is an implementation of pharmacological and / or surgical strategies (Revascularization, valve replacement, etc.). The second objective arises from the fact that, despite all these preventive and therapeutic measures, a large number of patients will present out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) either because although they received optimal treatment they still remain in high risk of SCD, even because they were not diagnosed on time, or because despite having complementary studies made the diagnosis is very difficult. There are two well strategies: the first are implantable cardio-defibrillation devices (or, more recently, wearable vests). These are indicated for a selected population, either because they have already presented an episode of sudden aborted death, or because they have heart disease (structural or genetic), which predisposes to a greater probability of suffering an event. The second strategy is the education and development of public health programs that enable the general population to be trained in CPR and the use of external automatic defibrillators. (AEDs) should be available in any public place. Multiple studies showed that access to the general population for learning simple and pragmatic CPR maneuvers and the presence of AEDs is making an impact on a significant increase in survival without consequences in OHCA victims. (AU)

Analysis of early clinical efficacy of renal transplantation from extended criteria donor of the donation after cardiac death / 器官移植

Objective To compare the early clinical efficacy of renal transplantation between extended criteria donor (ECD) and standard criteria donor (SCD). Methods Clinical data of 85 recipients undergoing renal transplantation from donation after cardiac death (DCD) were retrospectively analyzed. According to the types of donors, all recipients were divided into the ECD group (n=31) and SCD group (n=54). The level of serum creatinine (Scr), incidence of early complications and clinical prognosis within 3 months after renal transplantation were compared between 2 groups. Results No statistical significance was observed in the levels of Scr within 1 month after renal transplantation between the ECD group and SCD group (all P>0.05). At postoperative 60 and 90 d, the level of Scr in the ECD group was (189±97) and (175± 69) μmol/L respectively, significantly higher than (142±49) and (135±41) μmol/L in the SCD group (P=0.005 and 0.002). In the ECD group and SCD group, the incidence of acute rejection (AR) was 6% and 15%, the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) was 23% and 19%, the incidence of pulmonary infection was 10% and 6%, the incidence of other early complications was 32% and 15%, respectively, no statistical significance was identified (all P>0.05). In the ECD group and SCD group, the survival rate of the recipient was 97% and 94%, the survival rate of the renal was 84% and 91%, no statistical significance was identified (all P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with the SCD, renal transplantation from ECD can achieve equivalent early clinical efficacy. In the present condition of serious deficiency of donor kidney, the application of ECD can enlarge the supply of the donor kidney.

Syndecan-1 (sCD138) levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: clinical and hematological correlations

BACKGROUND: Syndecan-1 (sCD138) has recently been suggested to predict the clinical course of early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but few studies have been reported. This study assessed the role of syndecan-1 in the prognosis of patients with CLL and its correlation with other prognostic markers. METHODS: This prospective study was performed in the hematology department of an Indian tertiary care center, over nineteen months (Jun. 2009–Jan. 2011). Forty-nine new patients with CLL presented during this period and were included. Twenty age- and gender-matched healthy patients served as controls, and six patients with multiple myeloma were included as positive controls. Baseline serum syndecan-1 concentrations were measured for all patients at presentation using ELISA (Diaclone, Besancon, France). At baseline, patients were divided into low (N=10), intermediate (N=18) and high (N=21) risk cohorts. Serum syndecan-1 levels in these patient subgroups were compared with clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS: The median syndecan-1 level in patients with CLL (73.32 ng/mL, range, 28.71–268.0 ng/mL) was marginally higher than that in healthy patients (63.10 ng/mL, range, 55.0–75.11 ng/mL). At presentation, syndecan-1 levels in patients with CLL correlated strongly with symptomatic disease (cytopenias, P=0.004) and higher clinical stage (Rai stage III and IV, P=0.001) markers and poorly with β2-microglobulin level (P=0.270), diffuse BM infiltration (P=0.882), and surrogate mutation status markers (CD 38, P=0.174 and ZAP-70, P=0.459). Syndecan-1 levels dichotomized by the median value were higher with progressive disease markers, e.g. shorter lymphocyte doubling time (LDT, P=0.015) and increased treatment (P=0.099). CONCLUSION: In CLL, serum syndecan-1 (sCD138) levels at presentation correlate with disease burden, and higher baseline levels may predict early treatment.

The prognostic value of sCD163 in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma soluble CD163 (sCD163) levels in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A total of 124 individuals,83 patients with ARDS,20 patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE),and 21 healthy controls,were enrolled in this study.ARDS patients were classified into survivors and nonsurvivors according to 28-day mortality.The concentration of plasma sCD163 was measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to evaluate the accuracy of sCD163 in diagnosing ARDS and predicting 28-day ICU outcome.Cumulative survival curve was carried out by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Logistic regression analysis was assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis to identify independent predictors of outcome controlling for reported risk factor of mortality.Results Patients with ARDS had significantly higher median levels of sCD163 compared to patients with CPE [496.7(421.8-577.5) ng/mL vs.284.5(141.7-459.2) ng/mL,P＜0.001] upon admission to ICU.The sCD163 levels of non-survivors was significantly higher than that of survivors [577.5 (503.7-623.4) ng/mL vs.479.6 (395.4-520.8) ng/mL,P＜0.001].Multivariate logistic regression showed sCD163 (OR =1.02,P =0.001)was the independent predictor for 28-day mortality in patients with ARDS.Conclusions Plasma sCD163 is a potential biomarker for diagnosis of ARDS and differenting the severity of ARDS.Meanwhile,sCD163 was an independent prognostic marker for 28-day mortality in ARDS patients.

sCD36 sérico y variables cardiometabólicas en dos poblaciones peruanas: Carhuamayo (4100 msnm) y Mala (30 msnm) / Serum levels of sCD36 and cardiometabolic variables in two Peruvian towns: Carhuamayo (4100 masl) and Mala (30 masl)

Objetivo: Determinar los niveles séricos de sCD36, molécula relacionada al metabolismo lipídico, en poblaciones de la altura y del nivel del mar, y establecer la asociación de este parámetro con factores de riesgo cardiometabólico. Materiales y métodos: Participaron 45 personas de Carhuamayo (4100 msnm) y 40 personas de Mala (30 msnm). Se midió el peso, talla y presión arterial. Se determinó la hemoglobina en sangre total, y la glucosa, perfil lipídico y sCD36 en suero. Resultados: Se encontró en la población de Carhuamayo niveles de hemoglobina significativamente mayores, mientras que el peso, IMC y nivel de glucosa fueron significativamente menores que en Mala. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los niveles séricos de sCD36 de ambas poblaciones. Se observó una diferencia significativa entre los valores medios de sCD36 según el IMC, y una correlación positiva significativa entre sCD36 y el peso e IMC. Conclusiones: El nivel sérico observado de sCD36 es independiente de la altitud y puede ser considerado como marcador potencial de síndrome metabólico

Objectives: To determine the serum levels of sCD36, a lipid metabolism-related molecule, in high-altitude and sea-level populations, and to establish the association of this parameter with cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 45 people from Carhuamayo (4100 masl) and 40 people from Mala (30 masl). Weight, height and blood pressure were measured. Hemoglobin was determined in whole blood, and glucose, lipid profile and sCD36 in serum. Results: It has been found that hemoglobin levels in the population of Carhuamayo were significantly higher, while weight, BMI and glucose level were significantly lower than those in the population of Mala. There was no significant difference between serum levels of sCD36 in both populations. A significant difference was observed between sCD36 mean serum levels of both populations based on the BMI, and a significant positive correlation between sCD36 and the weight and BMI. Conclusions: The observed sCD36 serum level is not related to the altitude and can be considered as a potential marker of metabolic syndrome

The correlation between YKL-40,sCD40L,AFP and coronary heart disease / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the chitin enzyme protein(YKL-40),sCD40L,AFP and the correlation of hypertension with cor-onary heart disease(CHD).Methods 75 cases of elderly patients with CHD were selected as observation group,and then were di-vided into hypertension group and non hypertension group according to the blood pressure.103 cases of healthy elderly were select-ed as control group.ELISA method was used to detect YKL-40 and sCD40L,and AFP was detected by chemiluminescence immuno-assay.Results Clinical data comparison revealed that the relative risk of CHD with hypertension group and non hypertension of hy-perlipidemia,drinking,smoking,diabetes mellitus,were 1.56,1.33,1.23,1.15 times,data show that relative risk of CHD with hy-pertension were much greater than CHD without hyperlipidemia.The concentration of YKL-40 in CHD with hypertension(92.66± 12.04)ng/mL was significant higher than that in CHD without hypertension (57.08 ± 10.07 )ng/mL,and the concentration of sCD40L in CHD with hypertension (186.59 ± 69.63 )ng/mL was significant higher than that in CHD without hypertension (128.14±48.37)ng/mL(P 0.05).Conclusion The levels of YKL-40,CD40L and AFP in the peripheral blood of elderly patients with CHD were significantly increased.And the concentration of sCD40L and YKL-40 was positively correlated with hy-pertension,which can be used to assess the stability and prognosis of CHD.

The predictive value of serum presepsin (sCD14-ST) for myocardial depression in septic patients / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of serum presepsin (sCD14-ST) for septic myocardial depression (SMD) in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.Methods This was a prospective cohort study.A total of 84 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock were monitored by pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) system and divided into myocardial depression group (cardiac function index [CFI]0.05).There were 24 cases died in myocardial depression group.The mortality of myocardial depression group was significantly higher than that of non-depression group (64.9% vs 42.6%, χ2=4.132, P =0.042).The serum levels of sCD14-ST at day 1 and day 3 in myocardial depression group were significantly higher than those in non-myocardial depression group (both P<0.01).sCD14-ST levels in both groups showed downtrend.The serum level of sCD14-ST in non-survival group was significantly higher than that in survival group (P<0.01).Conclusions Myocardial depression is common in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.High serum level of sCD14-ST is correlated with myocardial depression to some extent, but not an independent predictor.The combination of sCD4-ST, BNP and TNF-α can improve the predictive value for myocardial depression.

Investigation of expression and relationship between serum MMP -9 and sCD40L in patients with acute ;coronary syndrome / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe serum sCD40L,MMP9 levels and their relevance with different types of coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods The present study was involved in 90 patients with CHD,including acute myocardial infarction(AMI)30 case,unstable angina pectoris(UAP)31 case,stable angina pectoris (SAP)29 case and another 25 normal controls.The serum MMP9 and sCD40L levels were detected with enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay.Results The levels of MMP9,sCD40L in AMI and UAP group were significantly higher than those in SAP group[(69.48 ±4.76)ng/mL,(66.61 ±5.30)ng/mL,(30.44 ±7.66)ng/mL,t=1.425,0.075,all P0.05 ),and also there were no ststitically signiticant differeces in the serum MMP9,sCD40L levels between SAP group with control group (all P>0.05).MMP9 level in AMI and UAP group was positively related with sCD40L (r=0.96,P<0.01 and r=0.97,P<0.01 ).Conclusion The serum sCD40L and MMP9 levels of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)increase significantly,and can be used as an important index to assess the severity of CAD and predict the instability of plaque in CAD patients.

Effects of Shuxuening Injection on Lac, Presepsin and NOS levels in sepsis patients / 中成药

AIM To investigate the effects of Shuxuening Injection (Ginkgo biloba leaf extract) on serum lactic acid (Lac),soluble CD14-st (Presepsin) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels in sepsis patients.METHODS One hundred and eight patients with sepsis treated by routine treatment in our hospital from Jan.2014 to Oct.2016 were randomly divided into two groups,control group and Shuxuening group (therapy group).Two weeks were one therapeutic course.Before the treatment (the onset of patients within 3 hours),at 6 hours and 5 days after the treatment,Lac and Presepsin levels were detected,and the changes of nitric oxide (NO),NOS,inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were observed.Incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and 28-day survival were recorded at the same time.RESULTS Before the treatment,there were no significant differences in SOFA score and the levels of Lac,Presepsin,NO,NOS and iNOS between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Six hours after the treatment,the levels of Lac and Presepsin in the therapy group were lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),both the two groups had lower levels of Lac and Presepsin than those before the treatment (P ＜ 0.05);five days after the treatment,the levels of Lac and Presepsin in the two groups were lower than those at 6 hours after the treatment (P ＜ 0.05),the levels of Lac and Presepsin in the therapy group were lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The SOFA score,NO,NOS and iNOS levels after the treatment in the therapy group were lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of Lac and Presepsin in sepsis patients were positively correlated with SOFA score (r =0.245,0.261,P =0.011,0.006).The patients in the therapy group had lower incidence of MACE and 28-day mortality rate than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION The therapeutic effect of Shuxuening Injection combined with routine treatment on sepsis patients is superior to that of routine treatment,which can improve the prognosis of patients to a certain extent.