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1.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 52(1): 31-36, mar. 2020. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155682

RESUMO

Abstract Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are a heterogeneous group of foodborne pathogens causing a broad spectrum of human disease, from uncomplicated diarrhea to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In this study, we report an HUS case associated with an O59:NM H19 mstrain, harboring stx2a, iha, lpfAO26, lpfAO113 genes associated with STEC, and aatA, aap, pic, sigA, agg4A genes associated with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), named Stx-EAEC. The strain showed low toxicity on Vero cells, and was resistant to streptomycin and trimethoprim/sulfonamides. The child carried the bacteria for more than 100 days. Since the large outbreak associated with Stx-EAEC O104:H4, many strains with similar profiles have been described. In Germany, an O59:NM[H19] strain, with comparable characteristics to the Argentine strain, was isolated from a bloody diarrhea case. In Argentina, this is the first report of an HUS case associated with a Stx-EAEC infection, and represents a new challenge for the surveillance system. © 2019 Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. on behalf of Asociacion Argentina de Microbiolog´a. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).


Resumen Escherichia coli productor de la toxina Shiga (STEC) es un grupo heterogéneo de patógenos transmitidos por alimentos que causan un amplio espectro de enfermedades humanas, desde diarrea no complicada hasta síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH). Nosotros informamos de un caso de SUH por O59:NM[H19], que portaba los genes stx2a, iha, lpfAo26, lpfAoii3 asociados con STEC, y los genes aatA, aap, pic, sigA, agg4A de E. coli enteroagregativo (EAEC), llamado EAEC-Stx. La cepa mostró baja citotoxicidad en las células Vero, y fue resistente a estreptomicina y trimetoprima/sulfonamidas. El niño excretó la bacteria durante más de 100 días. Desde el brote asociado con EAEC-Stx O104:H4, se describieron muchas cepas con perfiles similares. En Alemania se aisló una cepa O59:NM[H19] de una diarrea sanguinolenta, con características comparables a la cepa argentina. Este es el primer informe de un caso de SUH asociado a una infección por EAEC-Stx, y representa un nuevo desafío para el sistema de vigilancia. © 2019 Publicado por Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. en nombre de Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la licencia CC BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/isolamento & purificação , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Argentina
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 50(4): 341-350, Dec. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-977255

RESUMO

Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) es un patógeno transmitido por alimentos que puede causar diarrea acuosa, diarrea sanguinolenta (DS) y síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características fenotípicas y genotípicas de cepas STEC aisladas de niños con DS y SUH atendidos en un hospital pediátrico de la ciudad de La Plata en el período 2006-2012 y establecer la relación clonal de los aislamientos O157: H7 mediante electroforesis de campo pulsado. El porcentaje de muestras positivas fue de 4,9 y 39,2% en los pacientes que presentaron DS y SUH, respectivamente. Se aislaron 77 cepas STEC de 10 serotipos distintos, con el 100% de recuperación de colonias. El serotipo más frecuente fue O157: H7 (71,4%), seguido por O145: NM (15,6%). El 98,2% de los aislamientos O157: H7 correspondió al biotipo C y fue sensible a los antibióticos ensayados. Todos esos aislamientos presentaron el genotipo stx2, eae, fliC H7, ehxA, iha, efa, toxB, lpfA1-3 y lpfA2-2.Al estudiar la relación clonal de las cepas O157: H7, se identificaron un total de 42 patrones con al menos un 88% de similitud y se establecieron 6 clústeres que agruparon cepas con perfiles idénticos. Los aislamientos eae negativos pertenecieron a los serotipos O59: H19, O102: H6, O174: NM y O174: H21. Las cepas O59: H19 y O174: H21 fueron positivas para el gen aggR. Este estudio muestra que en la ciudad de La Plata y alrededores circulan STEC de diferentes serotipos y genotipos. A pesar de la diversidad genética observada entre los aislamientos O157: H7, algunos fueron indistinguibles por las técnicas de subtipificación utilizadas.


Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a foodborne pathogen that can cause watery diarrhea, bloody diarrhea (BD), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic and genotypic profiles of STEC strains isolated from children with BD and HUS treated at a pediatric hospital in the city of La Plata in the period 2006-2012, and to establish the clonal relationship of O157: H7 isolates by pulsed field electrophoresis. The percentage of positive samples was 4.9% and 39.2% in patients with BD and HUS, respectively. Seventy-seven STEC strains from 10 different serotypes were isolated, with 100% colony recovery, O157: H7 being the most frequent (71.4%) serotype, followed by O145: NM (15.6%). An average of 98.2% of O157: H7 isolates belonged to biotype C and were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. All of them (100%) carried genotype stx2, eae, fliC H7, ehxA, iha, efa, toxB, lpfA1-3 and lpfA2-2. When the clonal relationship of the O157: H7 strains was studied, a total of 42 patterns with at least 88% similarity were identified, and 6 clusters with identical profiles were established. The eae-negative isolates belonged to serotypes O59: H19, O102: H6, O174: NM and O174: H21. The strains O59: H19 and O174: H21 were positive for the aggR gene. This study shows that STEC of different serotypes and genotypes circulate in the city of La Plata and surroundings. Despite the genetic diversity observed between the O157: H7 isolates, some were indistinguishable by the subtyping techniques used.


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Diarreia/microbiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/classificação , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Argentina , Estudos Retrospectivos , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/genética , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/tratamento farmacológico , Hospitais Pediátricos
3.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 22(8): 743-748, dic.-mar. 2018. ilus.
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1026038

RESUMO

El síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) está definido por la tríada de anemia hemolítica microangiopática, trombocitopenia e insuficiencia renal aguda. En Argentina constituye la primera causa de insuficiencia renal aguda en pediatría. Aproximadamente, del 2% al 4% de los pacientes mueren durante la fase aguda de la enfermedad, y solo un tercio del 96% restante que sobrevive lo hace con secuelas renales, como la persistencia de la proteinuria. Un individuo adulto sano filtra alrededor de 5000 mg/día de proteínas, si bien la excreción en orina es escasa (150 mg/día). La escasa cantidad de proteínas excretadas indica la presencia de un mecanismo de reabsorción a nivel del túbulo proximal. Por lo tanto, la reabsorción tubular renal desempeña un papel muy importante ya que, ante una función glomerular normal, es el principal mecanismo encargado de evitar la depleción proteica corporal. Desde hace aproximadamente 30 años se sabe que la albúmina es reabsorbida en el túbulo proximal. La reabsorción proteica se produce por un mecanismo de endocitosis mediada por el receptor dependiente de clatrina y por endocitosis de fase líquida. Clásicamente se ha descrito que el mecanismo básico del daño renal en el SUH típico y en el atípico es una microangiopatía trombótica, pero de diferentes causas. Sin embargo, debe tenerse en cuenta que la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad es más compleja de lo que se creía, ya que la alteración tubular que surge va a evolucionar en fallas en el mecanismo de endocitosis de proteínas que se suman a las eliminadas por las alteraciones a nivel de la barrera de filtración glomerular.


Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is defined by the triad of hemolytic anemia microangiopathic, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. In Argentina it constitutes the first cause of acute renal failure in Pediatrics. Approximately 2-4% of patients die during the acute phase of the disease, and only a third of the remaining 96% survive with renal sequelae, such as the persistence of proteinuria. A healthy adult filters around 5000 mg/day of proteins, with an excretion in urine of 150 mg/day. The little quantity of proteins excreted indicates the presence of a reabsorption mechanism at the level of the proximal tubule. Therefore, the tubular reabsorption plays a very important role since it is the main mechanism responsible for preventing the depletion of protein. For approximately 30 years, it has been known that albumin is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Protein reabsorption occurs by a clathrin-dependent receptor mediated endocytosis mechanism and by fluid phase endocytosis. The basic mechanism of renal damage in typical and atypical HUS has been described as a thrombotic microangiopathy, but of different causes. However, the pathophysiology of this disease is more complex than what was believed since the emerging tubular alteration will ewvolve into failures of the protein endocytosis mechanism that are added to the alterations at the level of the glomerular filtration barrier.


Assuntos
Humanos , Proteinúria , Proteína-2 Relacionada a Receptor de Lipoproteína de Baixa Densidade , Endocitose , Podócitos , Insuficiência Renal , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica
4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 46(2): 103-106, jun. 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015552

RESUMO

El síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) es una afección caracterizada por la presencia de la tríada clásica: anemia hemolítica microangiopática, trombocitopenia y compromiso renal agudo. Los casos de SUH sin insuficiencia renal pueden confundirse con otras enfermedades hematológicas. Presentamos un caso de SUH pediátrico causado por una cepa de Escherichia coli productora de toxina Shiga Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O145 con el genotipo stx2, ehxA, eae subtipo ?1. El niño no requirió diálisis durante la etapa aguda del SUH, evolucionó favorablemente y no tuvo recurrencias hasta el último control; además, mantuvo cifras normales de presión arterial y función renal normal. Esto puede deberse a varios factores: características de la cepa STEC infectante y susceptibilidad del hospedero al daño renal, entre otros. Este hallazgo destaca la participación regional de STEC no-O157 en enfermedades de la infancia y la importancia de realizar una vigilancia activa de todas las formas de SUH


Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a disorder characterized by the presence of the classic triad: microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal injury. HUS without acute renal failure can be confused with other hematologic diseases. An infantile HUS caused by a Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O145 strain carrying genotype stx2, ehxA, eae subtype ?1 is herein reported. The infant did not require dialysis during the acute stage of HUS, evolved favorably, maintained normal blood pressure and normal renal function and had no recurrence until the last control. This could be due to several factors, such as the characteristics of infecting STEC strain and a reduction in host susceptibility to renal injury. This report highlights the regional participation of non-O157 STEC in childhood diseases and the importance of performing active surveillance for all forms of HUS


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Infecções por Escherichia coli/complicações , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/etiologia , Toxina Shiga II/sangue , Insuficiência Renal/microbiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 73(2): 127-135, abr. 2013. graf, mapas, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-694751

RESUMO

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir y comparar la frecuencia del síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH), registrada durante el periodo 2005-2010 en pobladores rurales y urbanos de la región centro-sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires y caracterizar la distribución de factores hipotéticos asociados al SUH en ambas poblaciones. Se caracterizaron 82 casos de SUH clínica y epidemiológicamente. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos se utilizó el test de Chi² o test exacto de Fisher cuando fue necesario, y el test de la mediana. La incidencia específica fue 12.7 casos cada 100 000 habitantes rurales (IC 0-23.5) y 7.1 casos cada 100 000 habitantes urbanos (IC 0-9.5). La mediana de la edad en el total de los pacientes estudiados fue de 27 meses (5-139 meses), siendo significativamente más baja en los niños del área rural. Estos resultados podrían explicarse por el contacto más frecuente con materia fecal de bovinos, el mayor consumo de leche sin pasteurizar y la mayor proporción de familiares que realizan actividades de riesgo, encontrados en la subpoblación rural. Aunque el SUH es una enfermedad que se asocia frecuentemente con el consumo de carne picada, la mayor parte de los niños que enfermaron no presentaron este antecedente. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron semejantes en ambas subpoblaciones. Un tercio de los pacientes urbanos había recibido tratamiento con antibióticos previo al desarrollo del SUH.


The objectives of this study were (a) to describe and estimate the frequency of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in rural and urban populations in two regions of Buenos Aires Province, and (b) to compare the presentation and distribution of factors hypothetically associated with HUS. A total of 82 HUS cases, recorded during the years 2005-2010 in rural and urban areas of the south-central region of Buenos Aires Province, were clinically and epidemiologically characterized. Statistical data analysis included Chi square or Fisher test and median test. The incidence rate of HUS was significantly higher in the rural population, being 12.7 cases per 100 000 (CI 0-23.5) in rural inhabitants vs. 7.1 cases per 100 000 (CI 0-9.5) in urban inhabitants. The median age of the patients was 27 months (5-139 months), significantly lower in children from the rural area. This could be explained by a more frequent contact with bovine feces, the consumption of raw milk and a higher proportion of relatives who work in risk labors found in the rural population. Although HUS is often associated with the consumption of undercooked minced meat, most of the children cases here included did not present this antecedent. Clinical manifestations were similar in both subpopulations. One-third of urban patients had received antibiotics prior to HUS development.


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Infecções por Escherichia coli/complicações , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , /isolamento & purificação , Manipulação de Alimentos , Fezes/microbiologia , Higiene das Mãos , Higiene , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Incidência , Leite/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , População Rural , Fatores Socioeconômicos , População Urbana
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(4): 383-389, July-Aug. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-633884

RESUMO

La forma típica o post-diarreica del síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) es la complicación más grave de las infecciones por cepas de Escherichia coli productoras de toxina Shiga (STEC). En la Argentina el SUH es un problema crítico de salud pública, ya que representa la principal causa de falla renal aguda en la infancia, la segunda causa de falla renal crónica, y aporta el 20% de los casos de transplante renal durante la infancia y la adolescencia. A pesar de los avances en el conocimiento de su patogénesis, el único tratamiento actual de los pacientes con SUH es de sostén, y no existen terapias específicas ni preventivas. En la presente revisión expondremos los conocimientos básicos de los mecanismos patogénicos y discutiremos los enfoques terapéuticos tradicionales e innovadores, con especial foco en la situación nacional y los aportes hechos por grupos de la Argentina.


The typical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the major complication of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections. HUS is a critical health problem in Argentina since it is the main cause of acute renal failure in children and the second cause of chronic renal failure, giving account for 20% of renal transplants in children and adolescents in our country. In spite of the extensive research in the field, the mainstay of treatment for patients with HUS is supportive therapy, and there are no specific therapies preventing or ameliorating the disease course. In this review, we present the current knowledge about pathogenic mechanisms and discuss traditional and innovative therapeutic approaches, with special focus in national status and contributions made by Argentinean groups.


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica , Argentina/epidemiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/terapia , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/patogenicidade
7.
Rev. méd. hered ; 22(1): 29-33, ene.-mar. 2011. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-593422

RESUMO

El Síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) tiene formas típicas y atípicas. Se describe una variedad de formas genéticas con pobre pronóstico. Presentamos un bebé prematuro de 36 semanas, de bajo peso al nacer, quien a las 2 semanas de vida cursó con sepsis y necrosis intestinal siendo sometido a cirugía para realizarle ileostomía. Evolucionó con hipertensión arterial, hematuria, falla renal aguda y proteinuria persistente. A los 2 meses de vida, posterior al cierre de ileostomía, cursó con shock séptico y falleció. La biopsia renal post mortem mostró cuadro compatible de SUH. Dos años después, un hermano debutó a los 2 días de vida con síndrome nefrótico congénito. El estudio genético reveló que la madre era portadora del gen NPHS1 y el padre, del Factor I de complemento. El segundo hijo era portador de ambos genes.


Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) has typical and atypical presentations. A variety of genetic forms, with poor prognosis are described. We report a 36 week premature baby, low birth weight, who at 2 weeks of life evolved with sepsis and intestinal necrosis undergoing surgery for ileostomy, hypertension, hematuria, acute renal failure and persistent proteinuria. At 2 months, after ileostomy closure, developed irreversible septic shock and died. Postmortem renal biopsy was compatible with HUS. Two years later, a brother presented after 2 days of birth with congenital nephrotic syndrome. Genetic studies revealed that the mother was carrying the gene NPHS1 and the father, factor I of complement. The second child was a carrier of both genes.


Assuntos
Lactente , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/congênito , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/mortalidade
8.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 40(2): 93-100, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634583

RESUMO

Establecimos la frecuencia de aislamiento de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) a partir de muestras clínicas y de alimentos, así como las características fenotípicas y genotípicas de las cepas recuperadas. Se analizaron 198 muestras fecales de niños con diarrea sanguinolenta (DS), 14 muestras fecales de niños con síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) y 220 muestras de carne picada. También se estudiaron 4 cepas STEC aisladas de alimentos embutidos. Se recuperó STEC de 3 (1,5%) de los niños con DS, de 1 (7%) niño con SUH y de 4 (1,8%) de las muestras de carne picada. Todas las cepas fueron eae y ehxA positivas. Los serotipos detectados fueron: O157:H7 (9 cepas), O26:H11 (2 cepas), O111:NM (1 cepa) y O145:HNT (1 cepa). Todas las cepas O157:H7 portaron el subtipo eae-g1; las cepas O26:H11 y O145:HNT portaron el subtipo eae-b1 y la cepa O111:NM portó el subtipo eae-g2/q. Las cepas STEC del mismo serogrupo mostraron alta diversidad genética. En Uruguay STEC no sería agente frecuente de diarrea con sangre en niños. Sin embargo, las cepas recuperadas presentaron los genes asociados con enfermedad severa y 2 de los 3 niños infectados con STEC evolucionaron a SUH. La carne picada y otros alimentos serían vehículos importantes de O157:H7.


We have assessed the frequency of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in clinical and food samples as well as studied the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the recovered strains. One hundred ninety eight fecal samples from children with bloody diarrhea (BD), 14 from children with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), 220 ground beef samples and 4 STEC isolates from other beef-derived products were analyzed. The STEC strains were isolated from 3 (1.5%) children with bloody diarrhea, 1 (7%) from a child with HUS and 4 (1.8%) from ground beef samples. All strains were eae and ehxA positive. The serotypes found were: O157:H7 (9 strains), O26:H11 (2), O111: NM (1) and O145:HNT (1). All O157:H7 STEC strains harbored the eae subtype g1, O26:H11 and O145:HNT strains, subtype b1 and O111:NM strain, subtype g2/q. The STEC strains of the same serogroup showed high genetic diversity. In Uruguay, STEC is not frequently isolated from cases of bloody diarrhea in children. However, all the recovered STEC strains carried the genes associated with severe disease and 2 out of 3 children infected with STEC developed HUS. Ground beef and other food products might be important vehicles for O157:H7 strains.


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Toxina Shiga/biossíntese , Escherichia coli/classificação , Sorotipagem , Uruguai
9.
Korean Journal of Medical History ; : 237-250, 2006.
Artigo em Coreano | WPRIM | ID: wpr-21339

RESUMO

Dr. Suh Yang Park was born in 1885 as a son of a butcher, which was the lowest class at that time in Korea. However, contact with western missionaries, including Dr. O. R. Avison, provided him with an understanding of western civilization. After entering Chejungwon Medical School in 1900, Dr. Park learned basic sciences, basic medical sciences like anatomy and physiology, and other Western medical specialties such as internal medicine and surgery. He graduated from medical school in 1908 and received Government Certificate from Home Office, the first in Korea in this field, which granted the right to practice medicine. His certificate number was 4th overall. As both a doctor and a talented musician, Dr. Park actively participated in the social enlightenment movement. He was quite progressive in his time, having surpassed the social limitations as a son of a butcher, as well as actively propagating his knowledge of Western civilization onto others. After graduation, he had served as a professor at the school he graduated from, until he went into exile in Manchuria in 1917 due to the annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910. There, he opened a hospital and provided medical treatment for Koreans. He also established a school for young Koreans, inspiring them with a sense of nationalism. Also, Dr. Park was an active member of various Independence Movement Organizations in Manchuria. Then in 1932, at the time when Japan took control of Manchuria, his school was closed down. As a result, Dr. Park couldn't help but stop his anti-Japanese activities. In 1936, he returned to his homeland and passed away in 1940, just five years before the liberation of Korea from Japanese occupation.


Assuntos
Humanos , Retrato , Música/história , Coreia (Geográfico) , Japão , Hospitais/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XIX , Docentes de Medicina/história , Colonialismo/história , China
10.
Korean Journal of Medical History ; : 217-230, 1997.
Artigo em Coreano | WPRIM | ID: wpr-33604

RESUMO

The paper explores the life and thought of Dr. Suh Jae-Phil, an enlightened reformer of the late Yi dynasty, in terms of modern concepts and theories on public hygiene. He had never been involved in medical practices in Korea. Rather he actively participated in achieving national independence and disseminating enlightenment thought. This first Western medical doctor in Korea had struggled to propagate modern thought of public health and sanitarian hygiene in the editorials of The Independent(Tongnip Sinmun), one of the most active newspapers to spread Western ideas of civilization in that period. The editorials were strategically used as a vehicle for spreading Western liberal ideas in general and ideas of public hygiene in particular. Dr. Suh asserted modern ideas of public hygiene to be prerequisites for the establishment of modern state. His strong committment to them included the control of infectious diseases, small pox vaccination, clean water, population growth, and personal hygiene.

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