Investigation on the current situation of safety protection of medical staffs for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in medical institutions in Jiangsu Province / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the current situation of safety protection of medical staffs in medical institutions in Jiangsu Province, and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the safety protection of infectious diseases and protecting the occupational health of medical staffs. Methods: From September to October 2020, 1274 medical staffs in 43 medical and health institutions were randomly selected as the subjects. The self-made questionnaire for infectious disease prevention and protection was used to analyze the pre-job training and exposure to occupational harmful factors of the respondents. The influencing factors of using protective equipment and occupational injury were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 1216 valid questionnaires were collected with effective recovery of 95.4%. There were 312 males (25.7%) and 904 females (74.3%) , with an average age of (35.8±9.2) years and average working years of (13.6±9.9) years. Among them, 1143 (94.0%) had participated in pre-job training, 535 (44.0%) thought they were exposed to occupational harmful factors of infectious disease prevention, 1082 (89.0%) used protective equipment in daily operation, and 462 (38.0%) had occupational injury. According to binary logistic regression analysis, the utilization rates of protective equipment for medical staffs in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (OR=2.473, 95%CI: 1.327-4.607, P=0.004) , 30-39 years old (OR=1.586, 95%CI: 1.038-2.426, P=0.033) , 40-49 years old (OR=2.257, 95%CI: 1.243-4.098, P=0.007) , 50 years old and above (OR=5.879, 95% CI: 1.755-19.692, P=0.004) and pre-job training (OR=2.580, 95%CI: 1.301-5.116, P=0.007) were higher than their respective control groups. And medical staffs with graduate degree or above (OR=0.342, 95%CI: 0.167~0.699, P=0.003) had lower utilization rate of protective equipment. Female (OR=1.902, 95%CI: 1.364-2.654, P<0.001) , 30-39 years old (OR=1.589, 95%CI: 1.157-2.181, P=0.004) , bachelor degree (OR=2.070, 95%CI: 1.419-3.021, P<0.001) , exposure to occupational harmful factors (OR=2.753, 95%CI: 2.086-3.634, P<0.001) were the risk factors for occupational injury of medical staffs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (OR=0.129, 95%CI: 0.086-0.194, P<0.001) and wearing protective equipment according to regulations (OR=0.597, 95%CI: 0.431-0.827, P=0.002) were the protective factors for occupational injury of medical staffs. Conclusion: At present, the occupational injury rate of medical staffs in Jiangsu Province is high due to various factors in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. It is necessary to pay attention to occupational safety protection, strengthen pre-job training and actively advocate "standard prevention", so as to reduce the exposure risk of harmful factors and promote occupational health of medical staffs.

A New Micro-traumatic Laparoscopic Surgery Robot System / 中国医疗器械杂志

At present, there still exist some limitations in the laparoscopic surgery robot represented by da Vinci surgical robot, such as the lack of force feedback function. Doctor can not feel the force feedback while operating. In this paper, a new minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery robot system is designed. Based on the master side surgeon's console, stereo vision subsystem and the slave side surgical cart, the multi-dimensional instrument force feedback technology and force feedback based safety protection strategy are introduced. The design realizes the force sensing function of full state operation. Besides, a number of different live pig experiments are carried out. The amount of bleeding in these experiments is relatively small compared with the data of the same kind of surgical robots, which effectively validates the force feedback and surgical safety protection strategies of the new robot system.

Development of new-type landmine sweeping protective outfit / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To optimize GGF110 landmine sweeping protective outfit to improve its wearing comfort and environmental adaptability.Methods With considerations on protection performances the outfit was improved from its size, structure,humanization design and manufacturing technique,which was composed of helmet and mask,protective clothing, mine boots and protective gloves. The protective clothing was made up of an upper piece, a vest, a jockstrap and a lower piece.Results The mine boots with the existed protection performances was optimized in increased walking stability while decreased possibilities to trigger GLD111 antipersonnel mine; the protective clothing was improved in comfort and convenience with the protection performance kept the same;the helmet and mask had the problems of giddiness or dizziness due to light reflecting as well as forward head gravity center resulting from unbalanced weight;the protective gloves met the tactical and technical requirements and ensured the flexibility when mine detection and sweeping were carried out. Conclusion The outfit with high protecting performances is enhanced in comfort, safety and adaptability, and thus can be used for mine sweeping by military forces.

Medical students' cognition on laboratory biosafety / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate cognitive status of medical students of a medical university on laboratory biosafety,and provide basic data for laboratory biosafety management in Chinese universities.Methods 900 full-time undergraduate medical students were chosen by cluster random sampling,questionnaires were filled out in by them.Results 900 questionnaires were distributed,877 (98.21％) valid questionnaires were obtained,49.03％ (n =430) were from sophomores,50.97 ％ (n =447) from juniors,148 (16.88 ％) students have ever participated in students'scientific research.The overall awareness rate of laboratory biosafety was 58.72％,only 32.16％ of students understood the detailed contents of laboratory biosafety regulations,only 8.21％ of students have received training in laboratory biosafety;the awareness rate of laboratory biosafety cabinet was only 14.14％,only 7.75％ of students knew which operation should be performed in biosafety cabinet;28.28％ of students could deal with waste according to the rules,68.19％ of students were able to identify warning signs of biological hazard;92.82％ of the students thought that laboratory biosafety-related courses should be set up.The overall awareness rate of laboratory biosafety knowledge and safety behavior was low,which were 42.65％ and 41.96％ respectively,juniors was higher than that of sophomores(P＜0.05);in the aspect of chemical hazards and biological hazards,students with scientific research experience scored higher than those who did not participate in scientific research(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Medical students' cognition on knowledge of laboratory biosafety is not optimistic,it is imperative to strengthen the management of education and publicity of laboratory biosafety.

Needle-stick injuries among health care workers and protective strategies in a hospital / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the condition and causes of needle-stick injuries among health care workers(HCWs), and explore effective strategies for preventing needle-stick injuries.Methods Needle-stick injuries recorded by healthcare-associated infection management department in a hospital between January 2013 and December 2015 were surveyed retrospectively.Results 164 HCWs suffered needle-stick injuries, including 71 (43.29%) doctors, 81 (49.39%) nurses, and 12 (7.32%) other HCWs.The number of injuries in 2013, 2014, and 2015 were 47(28.66%), 54(32.93%),and 63(38.41%)respectively.152(92.68%), 9(5.49%),and 3(1.83%)injuries were caused by contaminated medical instruments, uncertain-contaminated medical instruments, and non-contaminated medical instruments.Among 164 cases of needle-stick injuries, 67(40.85%) occurred in operating rooms, 141 (85.98%) were finger injuries;the main causes of needle stick injuries were carelessness, busy work and nonstandard manipulation(n=115, 70.12%), most doctors suffered needle stick injuries due to the lack of experience (52.11%), most nurses suffered needle stick injuries due to carelessness, busy work and nonstandard manipulation(93.83%).Conclusion Needle stick injuries among HCWs increased year by year, strategies should be implemented to reduce the occurrence of needle injuries, including strengthening occupational protection consciousness among HCWs, strengthening construction of healthcare-associated infection management system, and improving medical environment.

The development of one kind of safety protection device for lead cable used in equipment and its application in clinical practice / 中国医学装备

Objective:To develop a safety protection device for lead cable of equipment in order to reduce or avoid the skin burn of patient and the invalidation of monitoring data caused by the short circuited of lead cable, and enhance the comfortable level of patient, at the same time, and reduce the pain of patient and potential adverse events.Methods: The device was consisted of the fixed sleeve of cylinder-shape (protective shell) and fixed sleeve of packaged cable (fixed sleeve of wire and cable), and its component was carbon fiber reinforced polycarbonate and silicone rubber. The fragile, repaired part or the rupture rubber of shell in upside and bottom of device were clamped in fixed sleeve. And then, the upside and bottom were fixed in one device, and take them socket with lead cable of device.Results: After the safety protection device of leading cable were used, the cable were fixed in the interior of the device, and could be protected. Therefore, some risks of adverse event were reduced and avoided.Conclusion: The device is stable in performance, is simple and convenient in operation and installation. In the application, it avoids the risk which caused by short circuit of cable in therapy monitoring, and could enhance the comfortable feel. This device is appropriate to various installation and application of lead cable, and it can be repeated to apply. It has got national patent for utility models due to its favourable application value.

Vocational Safety Protection for Clinical Nurses / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the vocational safety protection in nurses in the clinic work,then to enhance the protection consciousness of nurse,and the usage of protection.METHODS The relative questions on the vocational protection were investigated in the nurses from one tiatiary care level hospital in China by the Questionnaire designed by ourselves.RESULTS Among the one hundred and fifty nurses investigated,one hundred and one(67.5%)of them just knew little about the vocational exposure,and one hundred and four thought they just accepted little education of vocational exposure.The average score of the usage of protection appliance was 54.89?14.70.The average score was increasing with the higher degree of the study and with the length of service.CONCLUSIONS The vocational safety protection should be emphasized,the protection appliance should be provided comprehensively,and clinic protection system of full efficiency with long time and ensuring system should be founded.

Occupational exposure of medicine and safety protection measures / 中华医院管理杂志

With reference to medical personnel's infection during the prevalence of SARS, the paper offers some general information on the risks of occupational exposure of medicine. The commonly seen risks fall into four major categories, including biological risks, such as infection of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HTV, etc.; chemical risks, such as those from antineoplastic drugs, cleaning agents, disinfectants, narcotics, dusts; physical risks, such as radiation, injury by sharp instruments, injury from heavy burden, forced body positions, etc.; and psychological risks. The paper also puts forward some proposals for safety protection: intensifying training in occupational safety of medicine, reinforcing the protection of high-risk groups of people and high-risk body parts, augmenting the supply of protective materials and the improvement of protective facilities, and setting up and perfecting long-acting protection and supply mechanisms.