Physiological studies and nutrient accumulation in mustard varieties in response to fertilizer doses under saline condition in semi-arid region of northwestern Haryana

The present study was conducted to find out the salt tolrant mustard variety for semi-arid region because this region has higher amount of poor quality water for irrigation and nutrient accumulation under saline environment is the most limiting factor in the sustainable crop production. For this four mustard varieties in main plots (Kranti, Giriraj, CS-54, and CS-58) and three fertilizer doses in sub-plots (100, 125 and 150% RDF). During the experimentation, saline water irrigation (7 dS m-1) was applied. The physiological parameters like RWC (75.54 to 80.34 %), total chlorophyll content (1.60 to 1.91 mg g-1 FW), and photosynthetic rate (10.09 to 14.79 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) were significantly increased with increasing dose of fertilizers. Yield stability index was highest with the application of 150% RDF. HI index showed a decline trend with the increasing dose of fertilizers, whereas oil content decreased non-significantly. Irrespective of fertilizer doses, variety CS-58 recorded maximum seed yield (22.89 q ha-1), biological yield (11.22 q ha-1); and other physiological parameters followed by CS-54, Giriraj, and Kranti mustard varieties. Variety CS-58 had the highest nutrient content (N, P, and K) in straw, with reaching to 125% RDF being at par with 150% RDF, followed by CS-54, Giriraj, and Kranti, respectively. The salt ratio (Na+:K+) decreased non-significantly with fertilizer doses, its mean value was however lowest in CS-58.

Detection of genes providing salinity-tolerance in rice / Detecção de genes que conferem tolerância à salinidade em planta de arroz

The present study aimed to identify salinity-tolerant genes in three cultivars (BRS-7 Taim, BRS Querência and BRS Atalanta) of Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica S. Kato and in three cultivars (BRS Bojurú, IAS 12-9 Formosa and Goyakuman) of Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica S. Kato. Ten days after emergence seedlings were transferred to a greenhouse and placed in a 15L vessel with half strength Hoagland nutrient solution, which was changed every four days, under controlled temperature and humidity. Plants were harvested 56 days after transfer. DNA extraction was carried out by CTAB method and salinity-tolerant genes SOS and CK1 were identified by in silico research. Amplification of gene sequence was performed with in silico primers. Bands were detected by agar gel electrophoresis and visualized under ultraviolet light after staining with ethidium bromide. Gene SOS1 fragments were present in all cultivars, except in BRS Atalanta, whereas CK1 gene was present in all evaluated cultivars. Results show that salinity-tolerant genes under analysis were identified in the two sub-species.

O estudo teve como objetivo identificar genes envolvidos na tolerância à salinidade em três cultivares (BRS-7 Taim, BRS Querência e BRS Atalanta) de Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica S. Kato e em três cultivares (BRS Bojurú, IAS 12-9 Formosa e Goyakuman) de Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica S. Kato. As plântulas foram transferidas para casa de vegetação, sob temperatura e umidade relativa controladas, dez dias após a emergência e colocadas em bacia com capacidade para 15 litros, contendo solução nutritiva de Hoagland, meia força, a qual foi mudada em intervalos de quatro dias. A coleta foi aos 56 dias após a transferência. A extração de DNA foi realizada pelo método CTAB. Os genes SOS e CK1, envolvidos na tolerância à salinidade, foram identificados por meio de pesquisa in sílico . A amplificação das sequências do gene foi realizada utilizando-se primers também desenhados in sílico. As bandas foram detectadas por eletroforese em gel de agarose e visualizadas em luz ultravioleta após coloração com brometo de etídio. Fragmentos do gene SOS1 foram encontrados em todas as cultivares, exceto para BRS Atalanta. O gene CK1 esteve presente em todas as cultivares avaliadas. Os resultados mostram que os genes estudados estão presentes em ambas as subespécies.

Genetic Engineering Progresses in Plant Resistance to Salt Stress / 中国生物工程杂志

Salinity is the main limitation factor for plant growth and crop production.Many approaches to enhance plant resistance to salinity by genetic engineering have been developed.Over-expressions of salt-tolerance related genes encoding proteins involved in signal transduction pathways,ion channels and compatible solutes synthesis for the stabilization of biological structures under salinity stress are the most often used strategies.The recent progresses in genetic engineering to improve salt tolerance in plants and the possible problems in researches was reviewed.