RESUMO
Construction workers suffer major musculoskeletal problems in day to day life like back pain, altered posture, etc. One such major problem is due to overuse of upper limb. Till now studies were published on low back pain in construction workers. But, studies related to cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb are new. As majorly upper limb is used by construction workers for their work, so it is necessary to study the effect of occupational load specific exercise protocol on cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb. We wanted to study the effect of occupational load specific exercise protocol on cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb.METHODSIn this comparative study, 42 construction workers, randomly allocated into two groups with 21 in each group with cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb were included. VAS , range of motion and manual muscle testing were the major outcome measures to assess pain intensity in construction workers with cumulative trauma disorder of upper limb. Later, data was collected, and analysis was done.RESULTSIn group A, pain intensity was 68% before conventional exercise program whereas it was reduced to 23% after conventional exercise program. In group B, pain intensity was 69% before occupational load specific exercise program whereas it was reduced to 8% after occupational load specific exercise program. For shoulder joint, in group A, ROM was 45% before conventional exercise program whereas it was improved to 55% after conventional exercise program. In group B, ROM was 41% before occupational load specific exercise program; whereas, it improved to 59% after occupational load specific exercise program. In group A, muscle power was 44% before conventional exercise program; whereas, it improved to 56% after conventional exercise program. In group B, muscle power was 40% before occupational load specific exercise program; whereas, it improved to 60% after occupational load specific exercise program.
RESUMO
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Scientific evidences suggest that high iron storage may play a role in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Excess iron accumulation induces organ damage due to the overproduction of ROS through Fenton reaction. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out the relation between serum iron, total ironbinding capacity (TIBC) and oxidative stress (OS) with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.The study consisted of 90 subjects, which were divided into 3 different groups; Group 1 compromised of 30 healthy individuals, Group 2 included 30 T2DM patients with normal glycemic control and Group 3 included 30 T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. Blood samples were collected from the three groups and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-prandial plasma glucose (PPPG), HbA1c, Iron, TIBC, Hemoglobin (HB), Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were analysed.We found, that mean levels of FPG, PPPG, HbA1c, Iron and MDA were significantly higher (p<0.05) and mean levels of TIBC, SOD and CAT were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in group 3 as compared to group 2 and group 1.There was no significant difference (p>0.05) observed in iron, TIBC and Hb levels between group 1 and group 2. We found a significant positive correlation of Iron and MDA with HbA1c and significant negative correlation of TIBC, SOD and CAT with HbA1c in group 3.In our study we found significant positive correlation of HbA1c with MDA and iron that indicates poor glycemic control leads to increased glycation of haemoglobin and other heme containing proteins. It causes more release of iron that leading to production of oxidative stress and thereby it might plays significant role in early appearance of diabetic complications.