Epidemiological characteristics of infected patients aged 60 years and older during the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Sanya, Hainan in 2022 / 中国热带医学

@# or older during the outbreak epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant in Sanya City, Hainan Province, August-September 2022, and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the elderly in the future. Methods　The data of 1 785 COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years reported from August 1 to September 8, 2022 in Sanya City, and 537 local COVID-19 inpatients aged ≥60 years treated in Sanya Central Hospital were collected and analyzed using WPS Office 2018 software for data cleaning, database assistance, and drawing, and SPSS 22.0 software was used to statistically describe and analyze the counting data. Results　A total of 1 785 local COVID-19 cases aged ≥60 years were reported in China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including 1 509 confirmed cases (84.54%) and 276 asymptomatic cases (15.46%). Of the confirmed cases, 1 448 were mild cases (95.96%), 40 were common cases (2.65%), 10 were severe cases (0.66%), and 11 were critical cases (0.73%), and no deaths were reported. The ratio of male to female was 0.88∶1. The youngest was 60 years old, the oldest age was 107 years old, with a median age of 67 years old. Most of them (1 559 cases, 87.34%) were non-social employed personnel. Among them, 952 (53.33%) were from Tianya District and 733 (41.06%) from Jiyang District. Among the 537 COVID-19 elderly infected patients hospitalized in Sanya Central Hospital, infected patients with underlying diseases accounted for 287 (53.45%) cases of hypertension, diabetes and other types of basic diseases (chronic kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, etc.), and there were serious infections. Conclusions　Most of the elderly infected with Omicron variants were mild cases with few symptoms, but the elderly infected with Omicron variants were difficult to recover or even worsen the condition due to old age and underlying diseases. Therefore, by analyzing the various aspects of elderly infected cases, scientific and effective basis can be provided to prevent and control the epidemic situation in the future, and reduce the occurrence of severe, critical and death cases of COVID-19 in the elderly.

Study on Thalassemia in Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the distribution characteristics of thalassemia genotype in Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province.@*METHODS@#Gap PCR and reverse dot hybridization were used to detect and analyze the thalassemia gene in 572 suspected thalassemia carriers of Han Population in Sanya.@*RESULTS@#Among the 572 Han Population in Sanya, 271 cases of thalassemia gene abnormality were detected, among which 161 cases were founded to be carriers of α-thalassemia gene. A total of 9 genotypes were detected, in the following order of the detection rate was －－SEA/αα，－α3.7/αα，－α4.2/αα，－－SEA/－α3.7，－－SEA/－α4.2，－α4.2/－α4.2，－α3.7/－α4.2，－α3.7/－α3.7，－－SEA/－－SEA. Among them, the deletion type (－－SEA/αα) in southeast Asia was the most common, accounting for 66 cases. 99 cases of β-thalassemia were detected, there were 7 genotypes, all of which were heterozygous. The order of the detection rate was CD41-42/βN, IVS-II-654/βN, CD17/βN, CD71-72/βN, -28/βN, －29/βN, CD27-28/βN. Among them, CD41-42/βN was the most common, accounting for 51 cases. In addition, 11 cases of combined α and β thalassemia were detected. Five kinds of genotypes were checked out, the order of detection rate was －α3.7/αα composite CD41-42/βN, －－SEA/αα composite IVS-II-654/βN, －α4.2/－α4.2 composite CD41-42/βN, －α4.2/αα composite －29/βN , －－SEA/ －α4.2 composite CD41-42/βN.@*CONCLUSION@#Han Population in Sanya of Hainan Province is a high-risk population of thalassemia, the genotype characteristics are different from other areas with high incidence of thalassemia in China. The main type of α-thalassemia is the deficiency mutation of southeast Asia, while CD41-42 heterozygous mutation is the main type of β-thalassemia.

Influencing factors of late diagnosis of newly identified HIVAIDS cases in Sanya Hainan, 2010-2021 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of late diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases (LD) in Sanya from 2010 to 2021, and to provide evidence for reducing the LD rate. Methods　The database was downloaded from the AIDS Prevention and Control Information System of China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System and newly reported HIV/AIDS cases between 2010 and 2021 in Sanya were included, identified LD according to the LD criteria proposed by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2014 and analyzed the relevant factors of LD. Results　From 2010 to 2021, a total of 710 research objects were included in this study. The proportion of LD was 33.4% (237/710), and decreased from 95.5% to 22.4% between 2010 and 2021 (χ2trend=34.777, P<0.001). Ethnic groups, educational level, sample sources and confirmed date were the relevant factors of LD of HIV/AIDS in Sanya City. The proportion of LD was 56.8% in Li ethnic group, which was higher than that in Han ethnic (OR=2.253, 95%CI=1.361-3.670). The proportion of LD of patients who were middle school and less was 55.5%, which were more likely to be LD than high school or above (OR=1.722, 95%CI=1.072-2.765). The proportion of LD was 56.8% in patients whose samples were from medical institutions or testing consultation were more likely to be LD than MSM (OR=5.564, 95%CI=3.278-9.444; OR=2.204, 95%CI=1.239-3.923). Compared with patients who were confirmed between 2018-2021, the patients derived from 2010 to 2013 had higher LD (OR=2.246, 95%CI=1.311-4.488). Conclusion　The LD of HIV/AIDS in Sanya cannot be ignored, especially the HIV/AIDS from counseling and testing and medical institutions. We should strengthen HIV testing, strengthen health education.

Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity in Sanya and analysis of its maternal related factors / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To understand the epidemic situation of retinopathy of prematurity in Sanya region and its related factors analysis so as to provide a reference for the prevention of the disease in this region.<p>METHODS: A total of 243 premature infants(486 eyes)with gestational age of less than 36 weeks and 35 cases of full moon(70 eyes)who were delivered in Sanya Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. Fundus screening was performed. And the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was calculated according to the diagnostic criteria, and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the related data of the mothers before and during pregnancy.<p>RESULTS: There was no retinopathy in the whole moon, but 36 cases of premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity. And the incidence of the disease was 14.8%(36/243). Among them, about half(58.3%)of the children with stage Ⅰ disease. Followed by stage Ⅱ disease(30.6%), stage Ⅲ disease(8.3%)and stage Ⅳ disease(2.8%), no stage Ⅴ disease were found. Meanwhile, 2 children with threshold lesions(5.6%). Except for the gestational age, there were no significant differences in the related factors of menstruation, gestational age, gestational births and pregnancy complications between full-term and normal preterm mothers(<i>P</i>>0.05), but compared with the mothers of premature infants, the differences were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). The irregular menstruation, older pregnancy, gestational age short, polyembryony, eclampsia, PIH, diabetes and perinatal infection were independent risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity is high in Sanya, which should be paid great attention. At the same time, there are many influencing factors. It is an effective method to reduce retinopathy of prematurity in this area that menstrual conditioning before pregnancy, avoid advanced pregnancy, term birth, monocyesis and control pregnancy complications.

Efficacy of sorafenib combined with capecitabine in Hui versus Han residents with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in Sanya, Hainan, China: a comparative analysis / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy of sorafenib combined with capecitabine in Hui versus Han residents with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Sanya, Hainan, China. MethodsA total of 96 Hui and Han residents with advanced HCC took oral capecitabine 1500 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days followed by a 7-day withdrawal, which was repeated at least twice; besides, sorafenib was given orally at a dose of 400 mg twice daily until tumor progression occurred. Comparison of continuous data between the two groups was made by t test, while comparison of categorical data was made by chi-square test. ResultsIn the two groups of Hui and Han patients, the rates of alpha-fetoprotein reduction were 60.9% and 40.0%, respectively (χ2=4.173, P=0.041); the rates of serum ferritin reduction were 50.0% and 30.0%, respectively (χ2=4.007, P=0.027); the rates of tumor regression were 54.3% and 34.0% as shown by CT (χ2=4.030, P=0.045); the response rates were 32.6% and 14.0%, respectively (χ2=4.697, P=0.030). Survival analysis suggested the combination of sorafenib and capecitabine had provided a significantly higher overall survival rate in Hui patients than in Han patients (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionIn Sanya, a combination of sorafenib and capecitabine has better efficacy in Hui patients with advanced HCC than in Han patients, and the former have a higher overall survival rate.