Deltoid Anterior Contraction In Maneuvering The Steering Wheel

@#While driving, a driver is required to control the steering wheel to change direction. The driver’s muscles of the upper limbs and shoulders are involved in such a task. Therefore, an assessment of the driver’s physiology according to certain condition is necessary to improve driving comfort and safety. This study aims to investigate the driver’s Deltoid Anterior (DA) muscle activity while operating the steering wheel. Eleven test subjects were recruited for an experiment using a car simulator. They were required to remain in the car seat and perform the task of steering the wheel. Surface electromyography (SEMG) was used to record each subject’s muscle contraction while turning the steering wheel to the right and left by several degrees. According to the findings, 45 degrees turning recorded the highest Root mean Square (RMS) value for DA. In addition, DA muscle activation increased with more degrees turning.

REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA DE LAS TÉCNICAS DE MEDICIÓN PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA POSTURA SEDENTE / LITERATURE REVIEW OF MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FORTHE STUDYOF SITTING POSTURE

Con el objetivo de encontrar una técnica de medida que permita estudiar la postura sedente, se realizó la siguiente revisión sistemática. La búsqueda fue realizada en bases de datos especializadas en el área en estudio. Las palabras clave de la búsqueda incluyeron términos como low back pain, sitting posture, pelvic tilt, entre otras. 2383 artículos fueron seleccionados de acuerdo a la pregunta de revisión planteada y de éstos 228 a partir de los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Se lograron encontrar 17 artículos que permiten identificar las técnicas apropiadas para el estudio de esta postura. La revisión permitió proponer una guía para seleccionar una herramienta que evalúe la postura sedente, con base en las prestaciones que el instrumento ofrece para cumplir con los objetivos del estudio que se desee realizar.

Aiming to find a measurement technique that allows studying the seated posture, we conducted the following systematic review. The search was made in specialized databases in the study area. The key words of the search included terms such as low back pain, sitting posture, pelvic tilt, among others. 2383 items were selected according to the review question proposed and these 228 from established inclusion criteria. They were found 17 items that allow you to identify the appropriate techniques for the stance study. The revision allowed proposing a guide for selecting a tool to evaluate the seated posture based on the benefits offered by the instrument to comply with the objectives of the study that you want to perform.

Efeitos de dois procedimentos educacionais sobre os sintomas musculoesqueléticos em trabalhadores administrativos / Effects of two educational programs on musculoskeletal symptoms in office workers

OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito da aplicação de dois procedimentos de educação (auto-instrucional e tradicional associado às oficinas de educação) na freqüência de sintomas musculoesqueléticos percebidos. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo quase-experimental, com 94 funcionários administrativos de uma empresa pública, alocados em três grupos por amostragem aleatória simples e sem reposição, sendo um do Tradicional/Oficinas (32), um de Manual Auto-instrucional (28) e o Controle (34). Mensurou-se a freqüência de sintomas musculoesqueléticos por meio do questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Músculo-esqueléticos, no início e após 30 dias do término dos programas. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva, a técnica de variância não-paramétrica para o modelo de medidas repetidas em três grupos independentes e o teste de Goodman. RESULTADOS: Pelos dados obtidos na comparação do pré e pós-teste, observa-se que o programa de educação baseado em tradicional e oficinas reduziu significativamente a freqüência de sintomas musculoesqueléticos, nos últimos sete dias. Nos Grupos Controle e do Manual Auto-instrucional, não se observou diferença na freqüência dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos. CONCLUSÕES: Pode-se concluir que as intervenções, principalmente o tradicional associado a oficinas, teve efeito positivo sobre as ações dos indivíduos e, apesar da complexidade de algumas medidas preventivas necessárias, houve uma diminuição dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos dos usuários no trabalho.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of applying two educational programs (one using a self-instructional approach and the other using a traditional approach similar to educational workshops), on the perceived frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 94 office workers in a public company. The participants were divided into three groups through simple randomized sampling with no replacement. The first group (32 employees) underwent a traditional/workshop program, the second (28) used a self-instructional manual and the third (34) was a Control Group. The frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms was measured by means of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, at the beginning of the program and 30 days after its completion. The statistical analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, a nonparametric analysis of variance technique for a repeated measure model in three independent groups and the Goodman test. RESULTS: From the data collected in pre and post-test comparisons, it was observed that the traditional/workshop educational program significantly reduced the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms over the final seven days. For the self-instructional manual group and control group, no difference was observed in the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: It could be concluded that the interventions, particularly the traditional approach using educational workshops, had a positive effect on the individuals' actions. Despite the complexity of some of the preventive measures needed, there was a reduction in musculoskeletal symptoms of the participants during work.