RESUMO
Los Segundos Cánceres Primarios (SCP) pueden ocurrir con frecuencia. Según datos de la SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) pueden constituir hasta un 16 por ciento de la incidencia total de cáncer. Se reporta una serie de casos conformada por 11 pacientes (2 hombres y 9 mujeres) con edad promedio de 61 años. En esta serie se presentaron 3 casos de cánceres sincrónicos y 8 metacrónicos, con un intervalo entre ambos de 2 a 72 meses. Se analizan diversos aspectos del tema como la quimioprevención y los aspectos relacionados con los SCP asociados a terapias (quimioterapia y radioterapia). Se describen aspectos particulares de los pacientes fumadores que constituyen un grupo especial de riesgo, debido al tipo de carcinógeno al que se ven expuestos. Finalmente se revisa el concepto de cancerización de campo que los afecta mayoritariamente.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/epidemiologia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/terapia , Alcoolismo/complicações , Terapia Combinada , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/cirurgia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/tratamento farmacológico , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/radioterapia , Fatores de Risco , Tabagismo/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A clinical study of second primary malignancies in patients with cancer of the head and neck was performed. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Among 1741 patients with head and neck cancer, 91patients were diagnosed as second primary malignancies. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records about site, chronology, and survival. RESULTS: There was association between the sites of index and second primary malignancy. This was explained by the concept of field cancerization. Three year-survival rate was 28.6%, and second primary malignancies in the advanced stages had poor survival. However, the chronological variable was not significant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of second primary malignancies in patients with head and neck cancer was of 5.2%. Most of them were located in the upper aerodigestive tract. Frequent and regular follow-up is important for early detection of second primary malignancies.