Misoprostol and mid trimester termination of pregnancy in patients with two previous scars and more at Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital / Misoprostol e interrupção da gravidez no meio do trimestre em pacientes com duas cicatrizes anteriores e mais no Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital

Abstract Objectives: to determine efficiency and safety of three misoprostol regimens for 2nd trimester pregnancy termination in individuals with two or more cesarean section scars. Methods: a cross-sectional study included 100 pregnant ladies at 13th-26th weeks gestation with previous two cesarean sections (CSs) who were scheduled for pregnancy termination using misoprostol. Patients were conveniently assigned to 100µg/3h, 200µg/3h or 400 µg/3h regimens. Primary outcome was time to abortion, secondary outcomes were side effect and complications. Results: a significant association was found between number previous CSs and longer time to abortion (p=0.01). A highly significant association was identified between earlier gestational age and longer time to abortion (p<0.001). Lower side effects and complications were associated with 200 µg misoprostol every 3 hours of (p<0.001). Incomplete abortion was the most frequent recorded complication for the successive doses of misoprostol. Conclusions: misoprostol is an effective drug at low doses for pregnancy termination in women with prior two or more caesarean sections. However, its safety needs monitoring of the patient in the hospital to decrease morbidity and mortality behind its use.

Resumo Objetivos: determinar a eficiência e segurança de três regimes de misoprostol para interrupção da gravidez no segundo trimestre em indivíduos com duas ou mais cicatrizes de cesariana. Métodos: um estudo transversal incluiu 100 gestantes entre 13ª e 26ª semanas de gestação com duas cesarianas (CEs) anteriores que foram agendadas para interrupção da gravidez com uso de misoprostol. Os pacientes foram convenientemente designados para regimes de 100 µg/3 horas, 200 µg/3 horas ou 400 µg/3 horas. O desfecho primário foi o tempo para o aborto, os desfechos secundários foram efeitos colaterais e complicações. Resultados: foi encontrada associação significativa entre o número de cesáreas anteriores e o maior tempo até o aborto (p=0,01). Foi identificada associação altamente significativa entre idade gestacional mais precoce e maior tempo para abortar (p<0,001). Menores efeitos colaterais e complicações foram associados com 200 µg de misoprostol a cada 3 horas (p<0,001). O aborto incompleto foi a complicação mais frequente registrada para as doses sucessivas de misoprostol. Conclusões: o misoprostol é um medicamento eficaz em doses baixas para interrupção da gravidez em mulheres com duas ou mais cesarianas anteriores. Porém, sua segurança necessita de monitoramento do paciente no hospital para diminuir a morbimortalidade por trás de seu uso.

The Effect of an educational Intervention on Anxiety of Pregnant Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study / El efecto de una intervención educativa sobre la ansiedad de las mujeres embarazadas: Un estudio cuasi experimental / O efeito de uma intervenção educativa na ansiedade de gestantes: um estudo quase experimental

Objective. The aim of study is the effect of educational intervention on anxiety of pregnant women. Methods. This quasi-experimental study is done on the pregnant women referring to family physician's offices in Gerash City, Iran. 62 women were selected and divided into 2 groups (control and intervention). In intervention group the anxiety reduction training classes were held as a group discussion in 4 weekly 90-minute sessions. Control group received routine care. The anxiety assessment completed by two groups before and after the educational intervention. The measurement instruments included a demographic information questionnaire and the short form of the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ-17). Results. Comparison of the mean scores of different dimensions of pregnancy anxiety in the pre-intervention and post-intervention stages in the intervention group using paired t-test indicated a statistically significant difference in the dimensions Fear of childbirth, Fear of giving birth to a physically or mentally disabled child, Fear of mood swings and Fear of changes in marital relations (p < 0.05) in comparison with control group. Conclusion. Holding pregnancy-training classes using group discussion method is a good strategy to reduce anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that this educational strategy classes be used with mothers from the second trimester of pregnancy in urban family physician centers or those referred to a nearby clinic.

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa sobre la ansiedad de las mujeres embarazadas. Métodos. Estudio cuasi-experimental realizado con la participación de mujeres embarazadas que acuden a las consultas de los médicos de familia en la ciudad de Gerash, Irán. Se seleccionaron 62 mujeres y se dividieron en 2 grupos (control e intervención). En el grupo de intervención, las clases de entrenamiento para la reducción de la ansiedad se impartieron en forma de debate grupal en 4 sesiones semanales de 90 minutos. El grupo de control recibió atención rutinaria. Los dos grupos completaron la evaluación de la ansiedad antes y después de la intervención educativa. Los instrumentos de medición incluían un cuestionario de información sociodemográfica y la forma corta del Cuestionario de Ansiedad Relacionada con el Embarazo (PRAQ-17). Resultados. La comparación de las puntuaciones medias de las distintas dimensiones de la ansiedad durante el embarazo en las etapas previa y posterior a la intervención en el grupo de estudio indicó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las dimensiones Miedo al parto, Miedo a dar a luz a un niño discapacitado física o mentalmente, Miedo a los cambios de humor, y Miedo a los cambios en las relaciones conyugales (p < 0.05), en comparación con el grupo de control. Conclusión. La realización de clases de formación durante el embarazo utilizando el método de discusión en grupo es una buena estrategia para reducir la ansiedad en las mujeres embarazadas. Por lo tanto, se recomienda que esta estrategia educativa se emplee con las madres desde el segundo trimestre del embarazo en los centros de medicina de familia o a aquellas que sean derivadas a la consulta externa.

Objetivo. Avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa sobre a ansiedade em gestantes. Métodos. Estudo quase experimental realizado com a participação de gestantes atendidas em consultórios médicos de família na cidade de Gerash, Irã. 62 mulheres foram selecionadas e divididas em 2 grupos (controle e intervenção). No grupo de intervenção, as aulas de treinamento de redução de ansiedade foram ministradas como uma discussão em grupo e em 4 sessões semanais de 90 minutos. O grupo de controle recebeu cuidados de rotina. Ambos os grupos completaram a avaliação da ansiedade antes e após a intervenção educativa. Os instrumentos de medida incluíram um questionário de informações sociodemográficas e a versão curta do Questionário de Ansiedade Relacionada à Gravidez (PRAQ-17). Resultados. A comparação das pontuações médias das diferentes dimensões da ansiedade durante a gravidez nas etapas antes e após a intervenção no grupo de estudo indicou diferença estatisticamente significativa nas dimensões; medo do parto, medo de dar à luz um filho com deficiência física ou mental, medo de mudanças de humor e medo de mudanças nas relações conjugais (p < 0,05), em comparação com o grupo de controle. Conclusão. A realização de aulas de capacitação durante a gravidez utilizando o método de discussão em grupo é uma boa estratégia para reduzir a ansiedade em gestantes. Portanto, recomenda-se que essa estratégia educativa seja utilizada com mães a partir do segundo trimestre de gestação em centros de medicina de família ou com aquelas que são encaminhadas ao ambulatório.

Women's obstetric history and midtrimester cervical length measurements by 2d/3d and doppler ultrasound / História obstétrica e medida do comprimento do colo uterino de mulheres no segundo trimestre gestacional por ultrassonografia bi/tridimensional e Doppler

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to compare the obstetric history and both two- and tri-dimensional ultrasound parameters according to different cervical lengths. Methods The present cross-sectional study analyzed 248 midtrimester pregnant women according to cervical length and compared the data with the obstetric history and 2D/3D ultrasound parameters. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to cervical length: The Short Cervix group for cervical lengths ≥ 15mm and< 25mm(n= 68), the Very Short Cervix group for cervical lengths< 15mm (n = 18) and the Control group, composed of 162 pregnant women with uterine cervical lengths ≥ 25mm. Results When analyzing the obstetric history of only non-nulliparous patients, a significant association between the presence of a short cervix in the current pregnancy and at least one previous preterm birth was reported (p = 0.021). Cervical length and volume were positively correlated (Pearson coefficient = 0.587, p < 0.0001). The flow index (FI) parameter of cervical vascularization was significantly different between the Control and Very Short Cervix groups. However, after linear regression, in the presence of volume information, we found no association between the groups and FI. Uterine artery Doppler was also not related to cervical shortening. Conclusion The present study showed a significant association between the presence of a short cervix in the current pregnancy and at least one previous preterm birth. None of the vascularization indexes correlate with cervical length as an independent parameter. Uterine artery Doppler findings do not correlate with cervical length.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a história obstétrica e os parâmetros bi- e tridimensionais ultrassonográficos de acordo com os diferentes comprimentos cervicais. Métodos O presente estudo transversal analisou 248 gestantes no segundo trimestre de acordo com o comprimento cervical e comparou os dados com a história obstétrica e os parâmetros ultrassonográficos 2D/3D. As pacientes foram divididas em 3 grupos de acordo com o comprimento do colo uterino: grupo Colo Curto para comprimentos cervicais ≥ 15mm e < 25mm (n = 68), grupo Colo Muito Curto para comprimentos cervicais < 15mm (n = 18) e grupo Controle, composto por 162 gestantes com comprimento cervical uterino ≥ 25 mm. Resultados Ao analisar a história obstétrica apenas de pacientes não nulíparas, foi relatadauma associação significativa entre a presença de colo uterino curto na gravidez atual e pelo menos um episódio de parto prematuro anterior (p = 0,021). Comprimento e volume do colo uterino foram correlacionados positivamente (coeficiente de Pearson = 0,587, p < 0,0001). O parâmetro índice de fluxo (IF) da vascularização cervical foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos Controle e Colo Muito Curto. Entretanto, após regressão linear, na presença de informações de volume, não encontramos associação entre os grupos e o parâmetro IF. Também não foi encontrada relação entre o Doppler da artéria uterina e o encurtamento cervical. Conclusão O presente estudo mostrou uma associação significativa entre a presença de colo uterino curto na gravidez atual e pelo menos um episódio de parto prematuro anterior. Nenhum dos índices de vascularização se correlaciona com o comprimento cervical como parâmetro independente, assim como o Doppler da artéria uterina também não está relacionado ao comprimento do colo uterino.

Longitud renal y aclaramiento de la creatinina en pacientes embarazadas con enfermedad renal crónica / Renal length and creatinine clearance in pregnant patients with chronic kidney disease

Resumen: OBJETIVO: Medir, con ultrasonido, la longitud renal y el aclaramiento de creatinina para evaluar su correlación en pacientes embarazadas con enfermedad renal crónica. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, analítico y retrospectivo efectuado en pacientes embarazadas con enfermedad renal crónica a quienes se midió, con ultrasonido, la longitud renal derecha, izquierda, total y el aclaramiento de creatinina calculado con la ecuación Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) para evaluar su correlación como grupo y por trimestres del embarazo. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, prueba de ANOVA de una vía y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r) con el programa estadístico SPSS versión 20. Los valores p < 0.05 y r > 0.1 se consideraron significativos. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 50 pacientes. La longitud renal derecha fue 75.52 ± 16.14 mm, izquierda 84.46 ± 16.51 mm y total 159.96 ± 28.59 mm. La media del aclaramiento de creatinina fue 34.17 ± 25.63 mL/min/1.73 m2 área de superficie corporal. La correlación resultó positiva para la longitud renal izquierda vs aclaramiento de creatinina (r = 0.362) y longitud renal total vs aclaramiento de creatinina (r = 0.346) con mayor evidencia en pacientes en el segundo trimestre del embarazo. Las pacientes en el primer trimestre del embarazo fueron de mayor edad (p = 0.004), con riñones más pequeños (p = 0.008), menor aclaramiento de creatinina (p = 0.001) y mayor frecuencia de enfermedad renal crónica terminal (18%). CONCLUSIONES: Se encontró incremento de la longitud renal izquierda, longitud renal total y aclaramiento de creatinina con correlación positiva. Los cambios fueron evidentes solo en pacientes en el segundo trimestre del embarazo.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To measure renal length by ultrasound and creatinine clearance to assess its correlation in pregnant patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional, analytical and retrospective study in pregnant patients with CKD whose right, left and total renal length was measured by ultrasound and the creatinine clearance calculated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation to evaluate its correlation. as a group and by gestational trimesters. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) were used with the SPSS version 20 statistical program. The p < 0.05 and r > 0.1 value was considered significant, respectively. RESULTS: 50 patients were studied. The right renal length was 75.52 ± 16.14 mm, left 84.46 ± 16.51 mm and total 159.96 ± 28.59 mm. The mean creatinine clearance was 34.17 ± 25.63 mL/min/1.73 m2 body surface area. The correlation was positive for the left renal length vs creatinine clearance (r = 0.362) and total renal length vs creatinine clearance (r = 0.346) with more evidence in second trimester patients. The first trimester patients were older (p = 0.004), smaller kidneys (p = 0.008), reduced creatinine clearance (p = 0.001) and higher frequency of terminal chronic kidney disease (18%). CONCLUSIONS: An increase in left kidney length, total kidney length and ACr was found, whose correlation was positive. The changes were evident in second trimester pregnant patients.

Hemorragia de la Segunda Mitad del Embarazo en el Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador 2017 - 2018 / Antepartum hemorrhage in the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador 2017 - 2018

Introducción: la hemorragia obstétrica es la segunda causa más frecuente de mortalidad materna en el Ecuador, a pesar de ello, es un tema que se ha estudiado poco a nivel provincial y nacional. Objetivo: determinar la ocurrencia e identificar los factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas y comorbilidades más frecuentes de la hemorragia de la segunda mital del embarazo. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, donde se analizaron las historias clínicas de las pacientes obstétricas con hemorragia de la segunda mitad del embarazo atendidas en el Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba (HPGDR) entre junio 2017 y junio 2018. Resultados: de un total de 3 460 pacientes obstétricas atendidas, 0.49% (n = 17) cumplieron los criterios de hemorragia en la segunda mital del embarazo, las cuales tuvieron una edad media de 29 años (desviación estándar = 7), una edad gestacional media de 36 semanas (desviación estándar = 5) y en su mayoría fueron multíparas. El desprendimiento de placenta normoinserta fue la principal patología causante de la hemorragia y el dolor abdominal el principal síntoma manifestado, en la mayoría no se observó otras comorbilidades obstétricas. Conclusión: se observó una baja ocurrencia de hemorragia de la segunda mitad del embarazo en el HGDR entre junio 2017 y junio 2018, siendo la causa más frecuente el desprendimiento de placenta normoinserta y el principal mitivo de consulta dolor abdominal.

Introduction: obstetric hemorrhage is the second most frequent cause of maternal mortality in Ecuador. Nevertheless, the topic has been little studied at a local and national level. Objective: to determine the ocurrence and identify the most frequent risk factors, clinical manifestations and comorbilities in antepartum hemorrhage. Methods: it is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which clinical histories of obstetric patients with hemorrhage of the second half of pregnancy were analyzed in the Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba (HGPDR) between June 2017 and June 2018. Results: from 3 460 obstetric patients attended, 0.49% (n = 17) met antepartum hemorrhage criteria. Women were in average 29 years old (standard deviation = 7), had an average gestational age of 36 weeks (standard deviation = 5) and were multiparous. Detachment of normoinserta placenta was the main cause of bleeding, abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom reported and in the majority of cases no obstetric comorbilities were observed. Conclusions: it was observed a low ocurrence of hemorrhage of the second half of pregnancy in the HGDR between June 2017 and June 2018. The mots common cause of the patology was detachment of normoinserta placenta and the most frequent complain reported was abdominal pain.

Secuencia TRAP: serie de casos en el Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Mujer de Tabasco / TRAP sequence: Series of cases in Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Mujer de Tabasco

Resumen OBJETIVO: Reportar, comparar y analizar el estado posnatal de pacientes con embarazo gemelar monocorial y determinar la incidencia de secuencia TRAP. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de una serie de casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de embarazo múltiple monocorial atendidas entre 2014 y 2018 en el Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Mujer de Tabasco. Se incluyeron todas las pacientes con diagnóstico de secuencia de perfusión arterial reversa gemelar con finalización del embarazo y reporte del estado posnatal. Se determinó la incidencia y se excluyeron las pacientes con expedientes incompletos y embarazos no concluidos en el Hospital Regional. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 6 casos de embarazo gemelar monocorial con secuencia TRAP. De los casos reportados, 5 fueron gemelar doble y 1 de alto orden fetal. Solo 1 de los 6 casos recibió tratamiento intraútero. En 4 casos el gemelo bomba supervivió sin complicaciones reportadas. La incidencia de secuencia TRAP de embarazos monocoriales de la muestra de estudio fue de 5.2%. CONCLUSIÓN: Se expusieron 6 casos tratados de diferentes maneras y con mejores resultados con la conducta conservadora porque en los 4 casos que no recibieron tratamiento los gemelos bomba no sufrieron descompensaciones cardiacas y supervivieron, a diferencia del único caso con tratamiento intra-útero en el que hubo complicaciones que llevaron a la terminación del embarazo en el segundo trimestre.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Report, compare and analyze the postnatal status of patients with monochorionic twin pregnancy and determine the incidence of TRAP sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective, case series study of patients diagnosed with monochorionic multiple pregnancy attended at the High Specialty Regional Women's Hospital of Tabasco between 2014 and 2018 was carried out. The study included all patients with the diagnosis of TRAP sequence, reported postnatal outcomes and the incidence was determined. Patients with incomplete records and unfinished pregnancies were excluded. RESULTS: Six cases of twin reversed arterial perfusion were diagnosed, five of which were twin pregnancies and one was a higher order multiple pregnancy. Only one of the patients received intra-uterine treatment. The pump twin survived without complications in four of the six cases. CONCLUSION: Six treated cases were exposed in different ways and with better results with the conservative behavior because in the 4 cases that did not receive treatment, the twin pump did not suffer cardiac decompensation and survived, unlike the only case with intra-uterine treatment in which there were complications that led to termination of pregnancy in the second trimester.

Embarazo ectópico del segundo trimestre / Ectopic Pregnancy of the Second Trimester

Se considera embarazo ectópico a todo aquel que anida fuera de la cavidad endometrial. La incidencia global es de 1-2 por ciento del total de gestaciones, y en 97 por ciento de los casos se localiza en la trompa. El objetivo es describir un caso clínico peculiar de una paciente con embarazo ectópico tubárico que alcanzó el segundo trimestre. Se presenta una paciente de 32 años de edad que con 17 semanas de edad gestacional que fue remitida de su área por ecografía con diagnóstico de gemelar con un saco anembriónico. Se realizó laparotomía exploradora y como hallazgos se observó hemoperitoneo de 400 mL, embarazo tubario derecho de 17 semanas fisurado en región ampular, anejo izquierdo normal, útero de consistencia blanda con mioma de dos centímetros en la cara anterior del útero. Se realizó anexectomía derecha. No hubo complicaciones. Anatomía patológica: Biopsia 16-255: Embarazo ectópico tubárico. El embarazo tubárico que cursa de forma asintomática en el segundo trimestre es raro; y las publicaciones médicas sobre este tema son limitadas. La ecografía es útil para el diagnóstico del embarazo ectópico y localización topográfica, sobre todo para diferenciar la gestación tubárica de la abdominal ya que el manejo médico y quirúrgico es diferente en ambas localizaciones(AU)

Ectopic pregnancy is considered to be any which nests outside the endometrial cavity. The overall incidence is 1-2 percent of the total of pregnancies, and in 97 percent of cases is located in the tube. The objective is to describe a peculiar clinical case of a patient with tubal ectopic pregnancy that extended to the second trimester. We present a 32-year-old patient with 17 weeks of gestational age who was referred from her doctor. Twin pregnancy with an anembryonic sac was diagnosed by ultrasound. Exploratory laparotomy was performed. A hemoperitoneum of 400 mL was observed. A 17-week right tubal pregnancy was fissured in the ampullary region, the left annex was normal, the uterus was soft anad there was a 2 cm myoma on the anterior side of the uterus. Right adnexectomy was performed. There were no complications. The results of the pathological anatomical study showed (Biopsy 16-255) tubal ectopic pregnancy. The tubal pregnancy that occurs in the second trimester asymptomatically is rare. Medical publications on this subject are limited. Ultrasound is useful for the diagnosis and topographic location of ectopic pregnancy, especially to differentiate tubal from abdominal gestation since medical and surgical managements are different in both locations(AU)

Cervicometría en el segundo trimestre del embarazo

Objetivo: Determinar las modificaciones de la cervicometría en el segundo trimestre del embarazo en una población de pacientes que acudieron al servicio de prenatal de la Maternidad Concepción Palacios en 2015. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y descriptivo, con gestantes de edades comprendidas entre las 14 y 18 semanas y las 24 y 28 semanas, que consistió en la evaluación cervical por ultrasonido transvaginal con seguimiento hasta la culminación del embarazo; se correlacionaron la edad del parto y los hallazgos en las cervicometrías. Resultados: La longitud cervical disminuyó entre el principio y el final del segundo trimestre (P=0,002), solo 3 casos (1,9 %) tuvieron menos de 25 mm de longitud cervical entre las 24 y 28 semanas, la profilaxis con progesterona fue eficaz en una de las tres pacientes (33,3 %). Para una longitud cervical de 25 mm, se obtuvo una especificidad de 98 % y un valor de predicción negativo de 96 % para desarrollar trabajo de parto pretérmino. Conclusión: La medición de la longitud cervical disminuyó en forma significativa entre el principio y el final del segundo trimestre. No se justifica la realización de la cervicometría a la población general, en vista de los hallazgos encontrados en el presente estudio.

Objective: To determine cervicometry modifications in the second trimester of pregnancy in all the patients attending in the prenatal service at the Maternidad Concepcion Palacios in 2015. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was carried out, with pregnant women of gestational age between 14 weeks - 18 weeks and 24 weeks - 28 weeks. The study consisted of cervical measured by transvaginal ultrasound monitoring until completion of pregnancy, the age of childbirth will be correlate with the cervicometry findings. Results: Cervical length decreased between the beginning and the end of the second trimester (P= 0.002), only three cases (1.9%) had less than 25 mm of cervical length between 24 and 28 weeks. Progesterone prophylaxis was effective in one of the three patients (33.3%). For a cervical length of 25 mm, a specificity of 98% and negative predictive value of 96% to develop preterm labor, were found. Conclusions: The measurement of cervical length decreased significantly between the beginning and the end of the second trimester of pregnancy. Cervicometry to the general population, in the light of the findings found in this study, is not justified.

Consumo de calcio en gestantes durante el segundo y tercer trimestre atendidas en el Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo en el año 2013 / Consumption of calcium in pregnant during the second and third quarter served in the National Hospital Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo in the year 2013

Introducción: El objetivo fue determinar la cantidad de consumo de calcio en gestantes durante el segundo y tercer trimestre atendidas en el hospital nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo en el año 2013. El estudio: Se incluyó a todas las gestantes atendidas en el hospital y que aceptaron voluntariamente. Se empleó un recordatorio de 24 horas para el registro de los alimentos consumidos. Hallazgos: Se evaluó a 100 gestantes. La edad promedio fue 31.59 años. La media del consumo de calcio fue de 1030.745 mg/día. Conclusiones: Existe un bajo consumo de calcio en dieta de las gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguianga Asenjo, sin embargo, ahí un menor número de gestantes que tienen un buen consumo de calcio que toman tabletas de calcio y su dieta.

Introduction. The objective was to determine the amount of calcium intake in pregnant women during the second and third trimester treated at the National Hospital Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo in 2013. The study: The study included all pregnant women in the hospital atentidas and volunteered. They use a reminder of 24 hours for the registration of food consumed. Findings: We evaluated 100 pregnant women. The average age was 31.59 years. The mean calcium in take was 1030.745 mg / day. Conclusions: Alow calcium intake in pregnant women treated at the National Hospital Almanzor Aguianga Asenjo.

Qualidade do sono em gestantes com sobrepeso / Sleep quality in overweight pregnant women

Comparar a qualidade do sono de gestantes com e sem sobrepeso no segundo e terceiro trimestres.

Doplervelocimetria da arteria uterina no segundo e terceiro trimestres para predicao dos resultados gestacionais / Uterine Doppler velocimetry of the uterine arteries in the second and third trimesters for the prediction of gestational outcome

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo longitudinal foi avaliar o valor da ultrassonografia Doppler das artérias uterinas no segundo e terceiro trimestres de gestação para a predição de desfecho adverso da gravidez em mulheres de baixo risco. MÉTODOS: De julho de 2011 até agosto de 2012, 205 gestantes de feto único atendidas em nossa clínica de pré-natal foram incluídas no presente estudo prospectivo e avaliadas em termos de dados demográficos e obstétricos. As pacientes foram submetidas à avaliação de ultrassom durante o segundo e terceiro trimestres, incluindo avaliação Doppler das artérias uterinas bilaterais, visando determinar os valores do índice de pulsatilidade (IP) e do índice de resistência (IR), bem como a presença de incisura diastólica precoce. O desfecho do presente estudo foi a avaliação da sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo (VPP) e valor negativo preditivo (VNP) da ultrassonografia Doppler das artérias uterinas para a predição de desfechos adversos da gravidez, incluindo pré-eclâmpsia, natimortalidade, descolamento prematuro da placenta e trabalho de parto prematuro. RESULTADOS: A média de idade das gestantes foi de 26,4±5,11 anos. Os valores de IP e IR das artérias uterinas para o primeiro (IP: 1,1±0,42 versus 1,53±0,59, p=0,002; IR: 0,55±0,09 versus 0.72±0.13, p=0,000, respectivamente) e para o terceiro trimestre (IP: 0,77±0,31 versus 1,09±0,46, p=0,000; IR: 0,46±0,10 versus 0,60±0,14, p=0,010, respectivamente) foram significativamente maiores em pacientes com desfecho adverso da gravidez em relação às mulheres com desfecho normal. A combinação de IP e IR > percentil 95 e a presença de incisura bilateral apresentou sensibilidade e especificidade de ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the value of uterine artery Doppler sonography during the second and third trimesters in the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome in low-risk women. METHODS: From July 2011 to August 2012, a total of 205 singleton pregnant women presenting at our antenatal clinic were enrolled in this prospective study and were assessed for baseline demographic and obstetric data. They underwent ultrasound evaluation at the time of second and third trimesters, both included Doppler assessment of bilateral uterine arteries to determine the values of the pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) and presence of early diastolic notch. The endpoint of this study was assessing the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of Doppler ultrasonography of the uterine artery, for the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, stillbirth, placental abruption and preterm labor. RESULTS: The mean age of cases was 26.4±5.11. The uterine artery PI and RI values for both second (PI: 1.1±0.42 versus 1.53±0.59, p=0.002; RI: 0.55±0.09 versus 0.72±0.13, p=0.000 respectively) and third-trimester (PI: 0.77±0.31 versus 1.09±0.46, p=0.000; RI: 0.46±0.10 versus 0.60±0.14, p=0.010 respectively) evaluations were significantly higher in patients with adverse pregnancy outcome than in normal women. Combination of PI and RI >95th percentile and presence of bilateral notch in second trimester get sensitivity and specificity of 36.1 and 97% respectively, while these measures were 57.5 and 98.2% in third trimester. CONCLUSIONS: According to our study, it seems that uterine artery Doppler may be a valuable tool for the prediction of a variety of adverse outcomes in second and third trimesters. .