Prevalencia de marcadores serológicos de hepatitis virales en una población seleccionada. Experiencia de un servicio universitario. Años 2000-2007 / Prevalence of serologic markers for viral hepatitis in a selected population. Experience of a university service. Years 2000-2007

En la actualidad se describen varios agentes virales causantes de hepatitis, entre los más comunes están VHB, VHA, VHC, VHD, VHE, cada uno de ellos con diferentes modos de transmisión, tiempo de incubación y patrones clínicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de marcadores virales de hepatitis en una población con sospecha clínica de hepatitis durante el periodo 2000 a 2007. En este estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transverso, fueron estudiados 756 pacientes de 1 a 88 años de edad, con una edad promedio de 36±17 años, que concurrieron al Departamento de Inmunología del IICS del 2000 al 2007, a quienes se solicitó, en ocasiones, el dosaje de dos o más marcadores virales. Todas las determinaciones serológicas fueron realizadas por el método de ELISA (Human-Alemania, Adaltis-Italia). El 4,5 % (28/617) tenian HBsAg (+), el 23,4% (11/47) anticuerpos antiBHs (+), el 17,3% (9/52) Ac anti HBcore(+), 37,9% (52/137) Ac anti-VHA de tipo IgM(+) y el 6,6%(11/166) anti-VHC. Coinfección de VHB y VHA en 1 individuo y de VHC y VHA en 1 individuo.El marcador viral más solicitado fue el de HBsAg, los datos obtenidos indican una endemicidad intermedia. En esta población estudiada se destaca la elevada prevalencia de anticuerpos IgM contra el virus de la hepatitis A, (característicos de la etapa aguda), lo cual coincide con que nuestro país pertenece a una zona de alta endemicidad para esta infección viral. Se desea hacer notar la necesidad de monitorear las hepatitis virales, sobre todo aquellas inmunoprevenibles, de modo a evitar el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas que afecten la calidad de vida del individuo.

Currently, several viral agents are described as causative agents of hepatitises being the most common HBV, HAV, HCV, HDV and HEV. Each one of them has different transmission cycles, incubation periods and clinical patterns. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of viral markers of hepatitis in a population with clinical suspicion of hepatitis from 2000 to 2007. In this observational descriptive study, 756 patients, to whom the dosage of two or more viral markers had been requested occasionally, that attended the Immunology Department of the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud from 2000 to 2007 were studied. The patients were 1 to 88 years old with an average age of 36±17 years. All the serologic determinations were performed by ELISA methodology (Human - Germany, Adaltis - Italy). The 4.5% (28/617) had HbsAg (+), 23.4% (11/47) had anti-HBs antibodies (+), 17.3% (9/52) had anti-HBcore (+), 37.9% (52/137) had anti-HAV IgM (+) and 6.6% (11/166) had anti-HCV (+). Co-infection of HBV and HAV in one patient and of HCV and HAV in another patient were found. The most requested viral marker was HBsAg and the data obtained indicate an intermediate endemic status. In this population the high prevalence of IgM antibodies against hepatitis A virus (characteristic of acute phase) stands out. This finding agrees with the consideration of our country as a highly endemic zone. This study remarks the necessity of monitoring viral hepatitis, specially the immunopreventable ones in order to avoid the development of chronic diseases affecting the quality of life.

Epidemiologic Study and Analysis of Serum Markers for Osteonecrosis of Professional Divers

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for the development of osteonecrosis in civilian professional divers by an epidemiologic study and to determine the correlation between osteonecrosis in divers and coagulopathy by analysis of serologic markers that are related to thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-two divers, who collected pen shells (Atrina pinnata), and among whom 10 had osteonecrosis (group 1), were compared with 32 divers without osteonecrosis (group 2). Both groups were evaluated based on the number of years of diving experience, number of dives per year, mean number of dives per day, mean diving time and depth, and diving methods. We determined any statistically significant differences among these variables. We measured the levels of serologic markers that were related to hyperlipidemia, thrombophilia, and hypofibrinolysis from the divers and a control group of 20 physicians (group 3). The levels of the serologic markers were compared between groups 1 and 2 and between the divers and the control group, in order to determine the relationship between the serologic markers and the development of dysbaric osteonecrosis. Results: None of the variables demonstrated any statistically significant differences, except for the mean diving time, in which group 1 had a mean diving time of 124 minutes and group 2 had a mean diving time of 62.1 minutes (P<0.05). In the analysis of the serologic markers, there were no statistically significant differences between groups 1 and 2; however, in comparison with the group 3, the divers demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of proteins C and S (Protein C: P<0.05; Protein S: P<0.05), and an increase in the levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The divers with osteonecrosis had a longer mean diving time than did those divers without osteonecrosis. In the serologic marker analysis, the divers with osteonecrosis demonstrated significantly decreased activity levels of Proteins C, S and a significant increase in the levels of PAI-1, compared with the control group.

Evaluation of Serologic Markers for HBV Infection Using Roche Modular Analytics E170 / 임상검사와정도관리

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of liver disease in Korea and, is usually diagnosed with serologic testings. The automated immunoassay analyzer, Roche Modular Analytics E170 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany; E170) tests HBV serologic markers based on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. We would like to evaluate analytical performances of E170 for HBV serologic markers. METHODS: We evaluated the precision of E170 for 6 serologic markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, IgG anti-HBc, IgM anti-HBc) with positive pooled serum. A comparison study with the AxSym immuoassay analyzer (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL USA) was performed using patient's sera. HBsAg confirm test was evaluated using the specimens with cutoff index (COI) between 1 and 10 for HBsAg. RESULTS: The total coefficients of variations were below 5% for all of the 6 serologic markers. Method comparisons between E170 and AxSYM showed a good concordance rate; the rates of positive and negative agreements were more than 90% for almost all the serologic markers. HBsAg confirm tests for 84 samples with COI between 1 and 10 revealed that only 36 samples (43%) were true positive for HBsAg. Among 36 true positive samples, 9 samples (25%) were anti-HBs positive concurrently, but these showed low antibody titer (<50 IU/L). CONCLUSIONS: The E170 showed good precision for all HBV serologic markers and a high concordance rate with the AxSYM. Therefore, E170 can be used as a routine immunoassay analyzer for the testing of HBV serologic markers. In addition, HBsAg confirmatory test might be useful to confirm the true positivity when a specimen has low cut-off index (1-10).

Serologic markers in Crohn's disease / 医学研究生学报

The etiology of Crohn's disease is not clear as yet,many evidences has shown that the dysfunction of the immune system is the internal cause of inflammation and tissue damage.It is identified that many immune diseases can be anticipated,monitored and therapeutic through detecting some specified serological markers.To identify some high specific sensitive and predictable markers and groups,the research of searching an ideal and non-incursive method for differentiating inflammatory bowel diseases from other disease is still undergoing.The current research of five serum immune markers that are usefulness in the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease are summarized.

Epidemiologic Survey of the Serlogic Markers of Hepatitis B Virus and Serologic Tests for Syphilis in Institutionalized Persons / 대한피부과학회지

To survey the seroprevalence of hepatit!s B virus(HBV) in relation to serologic tests for syphilis(STS), using VDRL and TPHA test, the tests were done in the seri of 1252 institutionalized persons, who lived in Taegu Hope Village for the poor or crippled, and 1831 controls, who had the regular routine physical examination from March to May, 1987. The positive rates nf HBsAg and anti-HBs were 11.7%(146) and 27.0%(338'). compared with 6.25%(ll) and 18.4%(337) in controls, respectively. The prevalence of HBV including HBsAg and anti-HBs was higher in institutionalized persons (38,7+i) than in controls(24.6%)(p<0.0001). The positive rate of STS was higher in institutionalized persons(7.5%) than in controls(2.9%)(p<0.0001). There was a tvend for a higher rate of seropositivity in women than in men of institution- alized persons in the both diseases. The prevalence of HBV among STS-positive cases wa.s 42.6%(40) of instituti- onalized persons and 26.4%(14) of controls, but not, statistically significant, the gre,ater part of them distributing in 4th and 5th decades. The positive rates of I-tBi.Ag in institutionalized persons was 45.5%(5) of STS-positive cases and 25. 9%,'35) of STS-negative cases. No correlation was found between the serologic ma kers of HBV and VDRL titration.