Correlation between Fasting Blood Sugar Level, HbA1C Level and Serum Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most commonendocrinal diseases in the world. Incidences of this disease areincreasing worldwide and this disease is called disease of thismillennium. This study was undertaken to correlate fastingblood sugar level, Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) leveland serum lipid levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.Material and Methods: This study was a cross sectionalstudy conducted on 100 patients of diabetes mellitus came toM.B Govt. Hospital, Udaipur. The fasting blood sugar (FBS)levels, HbA1C levels and serum lipid levels were performedand then correlated fasting blood sugar level with HbA1Clevels and FBS and HbA1C with serum lipid levels. There wasa significant positive correlation between FBS and HbA1C,and FBS and HbA1C with serum cholesterol and serumtriglycerides level and negative correlation with serum HDLcholesterol levels.Results: This study demonstrated that HbA1C level wasincreased in diabetics and it showed correlation with the statusof control of diabetes.Conclusion: Diabetics have got increased level of serumcholesterol, triglycerides and decreased levels of serumHDL-cholesterol. HbA1C showed stronger correlation withserum cholesterol and triglycerides as compared to FBS.HDL-cholesterol showed stronger correlation with FBS thanHbA1C.

Serum homocysteine in indian adolescents.

Objective. To assay serum homocysteine levels and examine its association with conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Indian adolescents. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in tertiary care hospital in northern India in apparently healthy adolescents aged 10 – 19 yr. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to assess conventional risk factors. Serum homocysteine levels of ≥ 12μmol/L, serum triglycerides ≥ 150 mg% and serum cholesterol ≥ 200 mg% were taken as hyperhomocysteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ≥ 40 mg% was considered protective for CVD. Results. In 103 subjects, 36.87 % females, mean serum homocysteine level was 11.649 ±0.416μmol/L. Hyperhomocysteinemia was present in 46 (44.6%, 95% CI: 34.965-54.75) subjects. Dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid, body mass index (BMI) > 84th percentile and altered lipid profile were associated with hyperhomocysteinemia on univariate analysis. After multivariate adjustment for BMI and vegetarian diet, low serum HDL (OR: 23.81, 95% CI: 2.86-200; p =0.003) and serum hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 4.17, 95% CI: 1.51 – 13.51; p = 0.022) had independent association with hyperhomocysteinemia. Conclusion. Since we have also found an association between hyperhomocysteinemia and low serum HDL levels and hypertriglyceridemia, which are conventional risk factors for CVD, interventional strategies are urgently needed among adolescents for prevention of CVD.

The effects of Cigarrete Smoking on Serum Lipid Profile in young-and middle-aged men

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a correctable risk factor. In middle and old-aged men, cardiovascular disease is in prevalence than at any other age. Most smokes, start smoking in their twenties and continued to do so until middle to-old-age. Cardiovascular disease are higher prevalence than any other of that in middle and old aged men, especia]Iy in young-and middle-aged men. We examined the association between smoking and their level of plasma lipids. METHODS: Subjects were 238 healthy male non-smokers and 238 male smoker of 21-45 years of age, age matched, and were comparatively observed from May 1 to November 30, 1997 in a university hospital, Taegu, Korea. Subjects were interviewed by a research doctor who recorded subject's sociodemographic data, drinking amount, exercise, smoking status and smoking amount. We checked the level of serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, tri-glyceridea on a fasting state and BMI. RESULTS: The results showed that smoking had a remarkable influence on HDL cholerol, triglyceride, atherogenic index(ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol) between nonsmoker and healthy male smokers. After adjusting for body mass index, the level of HDL cholesterol of smoking group in 31-35 year age group were obviously lower than nonsmoking that age group. The level of triglycerlde in 31-35, 41-45 year age group were obviously higher than same nonsmoking groups. Atherogenic index in 31-35 year age group was obviously higher than nonsmoking that age group. But, no association between cigarette smoking and level of plasma total cholesterol was observed. HDL cholesterol, glyceride, atherogenic index were significant difference beyond 11 pack-years or 20 cigarettes/day smoking groups than nonsmoking groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the these finding, it is recommend that smoking cessation strategies for perceived healthy third decade and fourth decade men build up. I suggest smoking cessation education should start in the early age as soon as possible.