Glosario de términos relacionados con la perspectiva de género en Ciencias de la Salud / Glossary of terms related to gender perspective in health sciences

Introducción: El análisis de género en los diferentes aspectos de la vida, en especial en las Ciencias de la Salud, se hace cada vez con mayor frecuencia. Múltiples son los estudios realizados,desde la perspectiva de género, en la esfera social, económica, productiva y política que pueden ser revisados por diferentes vías y, en muchos casos, generan dudas por el desconocimiento de su significado, lo que dificulta su conceptualización a partir del contexto dondese generan o se asumen como sinónimos de manera errada. Es necesaria una recopilación de información al respecto para unificar criterios acerca de dichos términos. Objetivo: sistematizar a través de la gestión del conocimiento y la información los conceptos relacionados con la perspectiva de género en las Ciencias de la Salud en un glosario. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de carácter transversal, mediante el análisis documental, la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis de artículos de revistas de primer impactoespañol e inglés, así como de las experiencias de eventos científicos y congresos. Se utilizaron las palabras clave perspectiva de género, ciencias de la salud, equidad de género, género, glosario. Las consultas se realizaron en Scopus, Latindex, EBSCO Health, PubMed (buscador), SciELO y PsycINFO. Desarrollo: Se realizó el análisis de cada uno de los términos relacionados con la perspectiva de género que se utilizan con frecuencia en las ciencias de la salud. Conclusiones: La conceptualización realizada contribuye a la comprensión de términos desde la sistematización de los referentes.Se logróconfeccionar un glosario de términos con la perspectiva de género en las ciencias de la salud.

Introduction: Gender analysis in the different aspects of life, specially in the health sciences, is more and more frequent. Many studies have been carried out, from gender perspective in the social, economic, productive and political sphere which may be reviewed through different ways and, in many cases, create doubts as their meanings are unknown, what makes difficult their conceptualization according to the context in which they are created, or they are wrongly used as synonyms. It is necessary to gather information on the topic to unify criteria on them Objective: to systematize the related concepts, through knowledge management, with gender perspective in the health sciences by means of a glossary for health science. Method: A retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out by means of the documental analysis to first impact journals, literature review, as well as through experiences from scientific events and congresses. Key word as gender perspective, health sciences, gender equality, gender, glossary. Searches were made in Scopus, Latindex, EBSCO Health, PubMed (browser), SciELO and PsycINFO. Development: Each term related to gender perspective frequently used in health sciences was analyze. Conclusions: The conceptualization carried out contributes to the understanding of terms after systematizing them. A glossary of terms with gender perspective in health sciences was achieved.

Gender based alteration in color perception.

Human beings are able to perceive hundreds of shades of color which depends on the three types of cone system and various ratios of stimulation in response to different wavelengths. Perceptually and cognitively, men and women may experience appearance of color differently. Therefore, this study was planned to assess and compare color vision in male and female subjects. This study was carried out in the department of Physiology, SGRRIM&HS, Dehradun on 60 ocular healthy subjects (equal number of males and females) of 17–22 years of age group. The task was to match 22 test color strips with 2 shade charts of different colors. Total number of correct answers and total time taken in matching all the test color strips with the shade charts was recorded in both the sexes and analyzed. The results of this study showed that overall, females gave more correct responses (P<0.001) and also took less time (P<0.01) than males. Color wise also, females gave more correct responses especially for red (P<.001) and green color (P<0.01). The conclusion states that the females can see more shades of colors than males.

Influence of the distance of the curing light source and composite shade on hardness of two composites

This study evaluated the influence of curing tip distance, shade and filler particle size on Vickers microhardness (VHN) of composite resins. Two composites were tested: Filtek Z250 microhybrid (3M ESPE; shades A1 and A3.5) and Filtek Supreme nanofilled (3M ESPE; shades A1B and A3.5B). For each resin, 42 specimens (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm height) were prepared being 21 for each shade. The specimens were exposed using a 20-second exposure to a quartz-tungsten-halogen light source with an irradiance of approximately 560 mW/cm², at the following distances: 0 mm (surface contact), 6 mm and 12 mm from composite surface. Effectiveness of cure of different resins, shades and curing distances was determined by measuring the top and bottom hardness (VHN) of specimens using a digital microhardness tester (load: 50 g; dwell time: 45 seconds) 24 hours following curing. The hardness ratio was calculated by dividing VHN of the bottom surface by VHN of top surface. Three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (p<0.05) revealed statistically significant differences for all analyzed factors. As for top hardness, as microhardness ratio (bottom/top), the factors shade, distance and composite filler particle size exerted influence on resin curing. Lighter shade composites (A1 and A1B) showed higher hardness values. At 6 and 12 mm curing tip distances, hardness was lower when compared to 0 mm. The microhybrid composite resin presented higheer hardness, being its microhardness ratio satisfactory only at 0 mm for both shades and at 6 mm for the lighter shade. The nanofilled composite resin did not present satisfactory microhardness at the bottom while the microhybrid composite resin had higher hardness than the nanofilled. Composite's curing tip distance and shade can influence hardness.