RESUMO
A partir de um fragmento de material clínico, a autora teoriza a respeito dos sonhos, dos pesadelos, do representável e do irrepresentável.
From a fragment of clinical material, the author proposes a theory about dreams and nightmares, about what can and what cannot be represented.
A partir de un fragmento de un material clínico, la autora teoriza a respecto de los sueños, las pesadillas, lo representable y lo irrepresentable.
RESUMO
Parasomnias are abnormal experiences or behaviours that occur during sleep and can be subdivided into disorders of arousal, disorders of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep or other parasomnias. Diagnosis rests on a thorough clinical evaluation with supporting data from a full polysomnography with time synchronized video. While the prognosis for arousal disorders is generally excellent, the diagnosis of REM behaviour disorder (RBD) is more ominous and associated with neurodegenerative disorders, and as such, requires routine neurological surveillance. The cornerstone of treatment for all parasomnias is adequate patient and bed partner education. Data supporting pharmacologic therapy are limited but clonazapam for RBD has been reported to be effective in up to 89 per cent of patients.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idade de Início , Idoso , Clonazepam/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/diagnóstico , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/etiologia , Parassonias/diagnóstico , Parassonias/epidemiologia , Parassonias/terapia , Polissonografia/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This review describes the wide spectrum of paroxysmal events during sleep in infancy and childhood. The differential diagnosis between sleep-related non-epileptic paroxysmal events and epileptic seizures is difficult in special occasions. The nocturnal frontal lobe seizure and of the more common non- epileptic paroxysmal events during sleep are described. The main differentiating features characterizing parasomnias are: onset in early childhood, rare episodes of long duration, relatively lower frequency per night, absence of stereotypy, gradual disappearance of older age. Video-polysomnography is the gold standard to diagnosing and differentiating parasomnias from nocturnal frontal lobe seizures.