Nutrient Contents in Tempe Produced from Five Cottage Industries in Selangor, Malaysia / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#This study aimed to determine the nutrient contents in tempe produced by five cottage industries in Selangor, Malaysia. Proximate contents were analysed by using standard methods of AOAC (1997) while carbohydrate content was calculated by difference. Mineral contents, total dietary fiber (TDF), total phenolic content and total isoflavone content were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), enzymatic-gravimetric (AOAC 985.29), Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) respectively. Macronutrients were reported in 100 g sample and the results showed the average nutrient contents were as follow: 63.07 ± 3.18% moisture, 19.63 ± 1.50% protein, 0.65 ± 0.17% fat, 0.70 ± 0.06% ash and 15.95 ± 1.88% total carbohydrate. The average mineral content in 100 g samples (based on wet basis) were 29.45 ± 5.67 mg calcium, 13.28 ± 5.76 mg magnesium, 3.48 ± 1.09 mg sodium and 2.06 ± 0.33 mg ferum. The results showed that the average of TDF content was 8.05 ± 3.65%. Total phenolic content was 259.87 ± 22.62 mg of GAE/g. The total isoflavone content in 100 g samples (wet basis) was 41.94 ± 10.42 mg/100 g. This study had shown that total phenolic content was significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with total isoflavone content in all tempe samples. It can be concluded that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in nutrient contents among tempe samples produced by five cottage industries located in Selangor, Malaysia. However, the mineral and isoflavone contents in the present study were lower compared to previous studies.

Factors Associated With the Personal Protective Equipments(PPEs) Wearing of Workers in Small Scale Industries / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with the wearing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in small scale industries. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, the data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires, a special health examination and the industrial hygiene records. The study included 230 workers in small-scale industries (the print industry and automobile repair shops), which were provided with a subsidiary occupational health program funded by government in 1998. The authors used the Precede-Proceed model. RESULTS: Among the subjects who were recommended to wear a PPE, 32.7% (35/107) wore the gas/vapor respirators, 43.9 % (101/230) wore the particulate respirators, and 44.3 % (102/230) wore hearing aids. Among them, 64.3 % (148/230) wore one of the above PPE. The wearing of PPE wearing was associated with knowledge (OR=2.34), the value of prevention (OR=3.46), social support (OR=2.78), the type of task (OR=2.18-4.47), and income level (OR=7.64). CONCLUSIONS: In small scale industries, the proportion workers wearing PPE was low. To increase this proportion, the reinforcing, enabling, and environmental factors as well as the predisposing factors need to be modified.

The Occupational Health Status of the Small Scale Industries Participated in the 1997 Subsidiary Program on Health Care Management / 대한산업의학회지

The small scale industries in Korea are important in occupational health care management due to high accident rate and poor working condition. The authors surveyed the 4,811 small scale industries participated in the 1997 subsidiary program on health care management. The contents of survey were the general characteristics of the factory, the results of workers' general and occupational health examination, the results of workplace environmental monitoring, and the number of occupational accident and injured person at 1995 and 1996. We classified all industries by 67 groups. The prevalence of the general disease was higher in 'Manufacture of other fabricated metal productsj. rManufacture of textiles', 'Manufacture of basic metalsj. In occupational disease, that was higher in FManufacture of metal products', 'Manufacture of basic metals', so in environmental monitoring in 'Manufacture of textiles', 'Manufacture of other fabricated metal products' 'Printfrig' in occupational injuries in 'Manufacture of chemical products', 'Manufacture of basic metals'. However the factories of 'manufacture of motor vehicle', 'manufacture of machine and equipment', 'manufacture of electric product' in the program are large in magnitude, but less important in occupational health management. We observed that the prevalence of general disease, occupational disease, workplace environmental monitoring, occupational injuries of subsidized industries in 1996 were increased compared with those in 1995. and were larger than those of nationwide statistics. These phenomenon shows that the subsidiary health program for participated industries is important and to be urgent. We observed that the major groups in district were different and so the approaching method of each district must be various and different. And the health program manager should focus on the C grade in health examination and the action level in workplace monitoring more than the D grade and the permissible level.

A Study of Working Status and Industrial Accidents for Migrant Workers in Korea / 대한산업의학회지

This study was conducted to evaluate and to recognize the status and the problems of working conditions, and industrial accidents for migrant workers in a group of 342 who lives in Ansan area, Kyunggi province. By the questionnaire written by 5 languages (English, Bangladesh, Indonesian, Chinese and Korean), the informations of socio-demographic factors, occupational conditions of engaged company and general & occupational health status were obtained from June, 1st to July 30th, 1998. We used the ANOVA to examine differences of working hours, days and average monthly wages between overseas industrial trainee and illegal migrant workers, and by using logistic regression, odds ratio of general risk factors for industrial accidents in migrant workers were calculated. The results obtained were as follows 1. The major distribution of nationals were from Philippine, Indonesia, Bangladesh and China(92.1%), and the most of subjects were man(78.9%) and over high school graduate(81.9%). 2. Most migrant workers worked at small scale companies under 50 employees, and engaged in dye, textile clothing, leather industry. The average working hours were 59.9 hours per week in overseas industrial trainee, 64.9 hours in illegal migrant worker respectively. 3. Trainees have transferred to another company for 1.89 times, and workers who have changed qualification from trainee to illegal status were 3.09 tims, and illegal workers moved 2.36 times. The major portion of reason to move to another company were low salary and overdue salary. 4. Trainees, workers who have changed position from trainee to illegal status, and illegal workers knows 62.27%, 42.31%, and 20.45% in each about legal documentation for foreign industrial trainees in Korea "Regulations for protecting and managing of foreign industrial trainees in Korea" published on March 1995. Additionally, trainees and illegal workers have experienced medical examination by 52.3% and 18.2% respectively. 5. Industrial accident condition from Jun. 1st, 1997 to Dec. 3lth, 1997 were as follows in case of frequent rate, trainees and illegal workers were 30.04, 23.78 each, and 8.6%, 7.4% for industrial accident rate respectively. 6. The most common causes and types of industrial accident were inappropriate motions of body and abrasion, and body sites most vulnerable to injury were the hands and fingers. The results suggest that working status and industrial accidents of migrant workers are very poor in Korea. Therefore, occupational safety and health policy aimed at migrant workers are needed to protect the migrant workers.

The Relationship between Worker's Health Status and Work Ability Index in Small Scale Factories / 대한산업의학회지

This research was carried out to determine the relationship between worker's health status and work ability index in small scale factories. The data were gathered from 330 workers of Gumi industrial complex, from February to March, 1996. In this study, as questionnaire for the assessment of work ability, We used the work ability index which was developed by Institute of Occupational Health in Finland. The results of the study were summarized as follows; 1) Work ability index was poor in shift work group, more than 9 hours work group, irregular diet group, and stress sensitive group (p<0.01). There were no evident trends of work ability index in sex, marital status, educational level, obesity index, exercise, alcohol drinking and smoking. 2) As comparing work ability index with worker's health status, work ability index was poor in visual correction needed group, urine sugar positive group, and abnormal ALT & AST group (p<0.01) There were no evident trends of work ability index in hearing capacity, blood pressure, hematocrit and urine protein. 3) In the ANOVA was performed to examine the relationship between work ability index and significant factors above 1) and 2). shift work, work hours, diet, stress sensitive and health status were still statistically significant (p<0.05) on work ability index.

Comparisons on the worker's health status and working environment between small and large industries in Kyeungin industrial complex / 예방의학회지

Generally working environment and worker's health status of small scale industries(SSI) which employ less than 50 workers are known to be poorer than those of large scale industries(LSI) which employ more than 500 workers. However, according to the analysis of occupational injuries in Korea, prevalence rate of occupational injuries of SSI was 3.1 times as high as LSI. But there was no difference in prevalence rate of occupational disease and workers with suspected occupational disease(D1) between SSI and LSI. To confirm these two different facts, we surveyed working environment and worker's health status of SSI and LSI in Kyeungin industrial complex. Workers in SSI were 10,878 and workers in LSI were 8,291 and number of hazardous agents in SSI were 3,554 and those of LSI were 1,916. We found following results. First, proportion of male workers and workers who were less than 30 years old and more than 50 years old was higher in SSI compared to LSI. Second, worker in SSI had more liver disease, viral hepatitis, and pneumoconiosis than in LSI, and there were more worker with suspected occupational disease, general disease, and worker needed close observation in SSI. But these effects had not statistical significance under the condition controlled by age and sex with logistic regression. Third, the numbers measured for specific chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals in SSI was more than in LSI. However there was on difference in the excess rate of each hazardous agent between SSI and LSI. As the above results workers' health status in SSI was poorer than in LSI, but these results were mainly due to the population structure difference. Although there were some limitation of this study and problems of sensitivity and validity for periodic health examination and working environment evaluation method, the concept that working environment and worker's health status in SSI should be reviewed. In future the study that will reveal the real weak point of SSI should be performed.

A Study on Improvement of Health Care in the Small-Scale Industries / 대한산업의학회지

The purpose of tliLs study was to cvaTuate the actual condnzonK and problems of health manager health record maintenance and general health examinations in small-scale industries which employ 511 to ISO workers. A survey was conducted in 3iS conipanies in which industries health management is dele-gated to a social organization, the Taegu-kyungpook branch of the korean Industrial Health Organization, and companies in which health is managed by Ideal physicians. There was accomplished from March to April 1989 by Questionnaires through the mail, The following are the summarized results. 1. Health Management. The companies with non-vicarious execution of health management by local physicians ranked significantly, lower in frequency of visits, contribution to workers' health, and workers' desire for frequency of visits than the companies with vicarious execution by KIHA. 2. Health Records. The percentage health records on file was higher in the companies with vicarious execution than the other group. But most of the cnotents of the records were not described in great detail. 3. General Health Examination. The necessity of health examinations was recognized by all survey participants, but the reliability of the examinations was one of the major problems. The reporting period for results was significantly longer in the companies with vicarious execution than the others. Improvements were preferentially demanded with respect to the reliability of techiques and examinatio skill, follow-up study for secondary examination, and selection of examination items.