RESUMO
El presente estudio trata de evaluar el impacto de la intervención Snoezelen en el bienestar de personas mayores institucionalizadas (n=20) en residencias de larga estancia en diversos periodos, durante sesiones y fuera de sesiones, a lo largo de 6 semanas. Utilizando un diseño de reversión para establecer una conexión causal entre Snoezelen y sus efectos en las variables dependientes. Se ha verificado una reducción de las oscilaciones en el bienestar en las semanas en que disfrutaron de Snoezelen, comparativamente a las semanas en las que no lo disfrutaron.
The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Snoezelen on the well-being of institutionalized elderly people (n = 20) in long-term residences, at various periods, during the session and outside the session, over 6 weeks. A reversal design was used to establish a causal connection between Snoezelen and its effects on the dependent variables. There has been a reduction in fluctuations in their well-being during the weeks in which they enjoyed Snoezelen, compared to the weeks when they did not enjoy it.
O presente estudo procurou avaliar o impacto do Snoezelen no bem-estar das pessoas idosas institucionalizadas (n=20) em residências de longa permanência em diversos períodos, durante a sessão e fora da sessão, ao longo de 6 semanas. Utilizou-se um desenho de reversão para estabelecer uma conexão causal entre o Snoezelen e os seus efeitos nas variáveis dependentes. Verificou-se uma redução das oscilações no seu bem-estar nas semanas em que usufruíram de Snoezelen, comparativamente às semanas em que não o usufruíram.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Idoso , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Sensação , Auxiliares SensoriaisRESUMO
Resumen La discusión en torno a la influencia del ambiente sobre la ontogenia ha alimentado la interrogante sobre cuál es el grado en el que, a través de la manipulación del contexto, se modifican las características de los individuos. Actualmente, la evidencia científica desde distintos campos (e.g., Psicología del desarrollo, Neurociencias) describe cómo el ambiente es capaz de modular los procesos del desarrollo y las distintas capacidades del cerebro, así como los mecanismos plásticos que subyacen a dicha modulación. Con base en esta evidencia, distintas aproximaciones metodológicas orientadas a la estimulación temprana (ET) se han propuesto potenciar el desarrollo o remediar problemas que se presentan durante las etapas tempranas del ciclo vital. En este contexto, se brinda una revisión del tema y se ofrece un marco teórico general sobre los antecedentes y sobre los principios que sustentan la estimulación del sistema nervioso (i.e., plasticidad cerebral). Además, a través de una aproximación empírica y un proceso de revisión bibliográfica, se presenta la evidencia disponible de algunos de los métodos de mayor conocimiento/uso en Costa Rica (i.e., Doman- Delacato, Snoezelen®, Point y Bebé Políglota). Al recapitular los alcances y las limitaciones de la ET, se concluye que es necesario sistematizar las experiencias profesionales de forma tal que permitan abrir un debate académico sobre el tema.
Abstract The discussion about environmental influence on ontogeny has fueled the question about how much context manipulation can regulate individuals' characteristics. Today, scientific evidence from different fields (e.g., developmental psychology, neuroscience) describes not only how environment can modulate brain development and function, but also the plastic mechanisms involved. In consequence, different methodological approximations of early stimulation (ES) have arisen, although they are not necessarily based on solid empirical evidence. In this context, a brief approximation to the ES background is provided, as well as a general framework about brain plasticity. In addition, the theoretical and practical perspective of the ES practitioners is also described by detailing the empirical evidence around its most known/used variants in Costa Rica (i.e., Doman-Delacato, Snoezelen®, Point and Bebé políglota). Finally, bringing up the scope and limitations of ES, we conclude that the professional experiences need to be systematized, in order to open an academic debate on the subject.
Assuntos
Humanos , Intervenção Educacional Precoce/métodos , Psicologia do Desenvolvimento , Plasticidade Neuronal/fisiologia , Costa RicaRESUMO
Home-based intervention is a essential for rehabilitation treatment for the children with mental retardation.This paper describes the methods of home-based intervention for children with mental retardation,which include Portage Project,parent-child interaction therapy,snoezelen therapy and Stepping Stones Triple P and reviews their current situations and curative effect in order to provide a reference for the application of these methods in China in the future.Each method has its own principle and advantages,and meanwhile it plays an active role in reducing disruptive behavior of children with mental retardation and optimizing parenting styles of parents.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze intervention studies related to Snoezelen (multisensory environment). METHODS: Studies related to Snoezelen (multisensory environment) published between 1995 and 2010 in both Korean and International journals were systematically reviewed, and analyzed following guidelines. Based on inclusion criteria, 23 studies including 5 Korean and 18 International articles were selected. RESULTS: Most studies were conducted in various area of research such as medicine, nursing, and occupational therapy. There was no publication related to Snoezelen (multisensory environment) in Korean nursing journals. In terms of target population, more than 65% of the study subjects were patients with dementia, mental retardation, and learning disability. Intervention was implemented mostly in less than 30 minutes, once a week for 2 to 4 weeks. The effects on behavior, physical, and psychological contexts were assessed as outcome indicators. There was more 'positive' than 'no effect' in self-stimulatory behaviors, problem behaviors, heart rate, pain, mood state, and anxiety, whereas more 'no effect' than 'positive' in blood pressure, respiration, enjoyment, and relaxation. CONCLUSION: Future studies are needed to develop the protocol and outcome indicators for effective use of this new intervention in Korea.