RESUMO
Objective:To study the influences of sucrose,citric acid and sodium bicarbonate on the adhesion of 3 kinds of adhesives.Methods:60 extracted tooth and 60 zirconia blocks (3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =20),namely PULPDENT group,3M ESPE RelyxTM Veneer group and RelyxTM Luting group.Then,the samples of each group fell into 4 subgroups(n=5),namely subgroup A for artificial saliva,subgroup B for 10％ sucrose,subgroup C for 0.2％ citric acid,and subgroup D for 0.03 ％ sodium bicarbonate.After completing the adhesion of the specimens with corresponding adhesives,the specimens of subgroups A,B,C and D were submerged into artificial saliva(the control),sucrose,citric acid and sodium bicarbonate solutions for 2 times/day and 5 min/time,respectively.For the rest of time,all the specimens were submerged in artificial saliva.3 months later,shear bond strength of the specimens was tested,the fracture surface was observed under SEM,20 × microscope,and the fracture model was observed by stereoscopic microscope.SPSS 17.0 software was adopted for statistical analysis of the data.Results:The bond strength of PULPDENT,3M ESPE RelyxTM Veneer groups were higher than that of RelyxTM Luting group(P ＜ 0.05);the bond strength of subgroups B,C and D was lower than that of subgroup A(P ＜0.05);and the difference between the remaining groups was not statistically significant(P ＞0.05).SEM observation displayed that in group RelyxTM Luting,subgroups B,C and D showed increased crack depth,width and length when compared with subgroup A;there was no obvious difference between the remaining groups and the control group;in groups PULPENT,3M ESPE RelyxTM Veneer and RelyxTM Luting,all samples in their subgroups showed interface failure.Conclusion:Compared with PULPDENT and 3M ESPE RelyxTM Veneer adhesive,RelyxTM Luting is more susceptible to the influence of sucrose,citric acid and sodium bicarbonate,so it is not suitable for bonding zirconia blocks.
RESUMO
Background: The aim of these guidelines is to encourage dermatologists to use bath psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA), bathing suit PUVA and soak PUVA in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris and other conditions. Methods: Evidence was collected using searches of the PubMed, MEDLINE and COCHRANE databases using the keywords “bath PUVA,” “soak PUVA,” “bathing suit PUVA” and “turban PUVA.” Only publications in English were reviewed. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight studies were evaluated, 57 of which fulfi lled the criteria for inclusion. Conclusions: Both bath PUVA and bathing suit PUVA are very effective and safe treatments for generalized stable plaque psoriasis (strength of recommendation, A). Soak PUVA is very effective in the treatment of both palmoplantar psoriasis and chronic palmoplantar eczema (strength of recommendation, A).
RESUMO
Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of the independent research and development of the soak paper device used for patients in bed.Methods: To add a soak sensitive receiver and a soak signal transmitter on the extension pager device in the ward and have them connected with the wire to form a new type of soak pager device.Results:Using a new type of wet pager device can transmit signal in time when one-time pad single was wet for the patients in bed and avoid skin wet of the patients for a long time. All the patient and their families were very satisfied.Conclusion: The self-made and a new type of wet pager device used for patients in bed can better protect the patient’s skin and save manpower. The device is convenient and simple, the application is safe and effective.
RESUMO
Objective To establish a laboratorial test method of soaking the sample of hygienic protection beaded paint contacted with drinking water. Methods The samples of hygienic protection beaded paint were chosen to conduct the soak experiment, incontinuous soak of 4 times for 96 hours(exchange the soaking aqua every 24 hours), continuous soak of 4 times for 96 hours were conducted respectively, and then compared these experimental results with that which was obtained with the standard soak method(30 d,6 times) stipulated by The Examination Norm of Life Drinking Water (2001). Results The results of standard soak method(30 d,6 times)showed that chroma, smell, visible objects, volatility hydroxybenzene, arsenic, chromium, cademium, aluminium, lead, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde and etc. were all under the determination limit. Along with the increment of days of soak, the mean values of changed quantity of turbid degree, deliquescent total solid, pH value, mercury,and chlorpicrin concentration all showed a downtrend. When the incontinuous and the continuous soak of 4 times for 96 hours were finished, the results showed that chroma, smell, visible objects, volatility hydroxybenzene, arsenic, chromium, cademium, aluminium, lead, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde, and etc. were all under the detection limit. Along with the increment of days of soak,the mean values of changed quantity of turbid degree, deliquescent total solid, pH value, mercury, and chlorpicrin concentration all presented an decreasing trend, oxygen consuming content, pH value presented a fluctuant trend. The 4 times and 96 hours incontinuous soak procedure dissolved slightly more objects than the 4 times and 96 hours continuous soak procedure did. Conclusion The method of 4 times and 96 hours incontinuous soak should be recommended as the standard laboratorial method for soaking the hygienic protection beaded paint which will be contacted with drinking water.
RESUMO
Objective:Explore the dendritic cells to soak gallbladder carcinoma tissue,to explain the relation dendritic cells and tumor immunity.Methods:Adopt immune histochmistry S-P method.Results:The extent of dendritic cells to soak gallbladder carcinoma tissue is not relate to age,gender and types of pathhistology but negative contact with degree of pathological differentiation (P