Bridging the Gaps in Social Life Cycle Assessment: Theoretical and Practical Contributions / Avanços à Avaliação Social do Ciclo de Vida: Contribuições Teóricas e Práticas

Abstract Sustainable development is based on three pillars: environment preservation, cost-effective production and human development. Within this context, emerges Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a solid methodology for assessing the impact of products and services. Whereas Social LCA (S-LCA) is an early-stage approach, currently under development, requiring theoretical and methodological improvements. This study aimed at mapping the main gaps in S-LCA to identify potential contributions from the Psychology field. A preliminary literature review indicated several constraints: consensus between social indicators; methods for measuring subjective data; predominance of secondary data; underutilization of the Social Sciences, etc. Therefore, this study outlines multiples intersection points where the Social Sciences, more specifically, psychology could contribute to filling some of the theoretical and methodological gaps in S-LCA.

Resumo O desenvolvimento sustentável ocorre por três pilares: preservação do meio-ambiente, produção com custo econômico eficiente e desenvolvimento humano. Nesse contexto surge a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), que determina métodos para avaliação de impacto de produtos e serviços. A ACV Social (ACV-S) é uma abordagem em desenvolvimento, requerendo avanços à plena aplicação. Este estudo objetivou mapear as principais lacunas teórico-metodológicas da ACV-S para a identificação convergências com a psicologia. A revisão da literatura indicou diferentes lacunas: consenso entre indicadores sociais; métodos para mensuração de dados subjetivos; primazia de dados secundários; subemprego das Ciências Sociais etc. Assim, este estudo apontou pontos de interseção onde as Ciências Sociais, especificamente, a Psicologia poderá contribuir para preencher algumas das lacunas teórico-metodológicas da ACV-S.

Patient's point of view on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in acromegaly: single-center study from a tertiary center

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the awareness and perspectives of acromegaly patients in the diagnosis and treatment processes and to evaluate basic clinical and demographic features. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Endocrinology Department of Yildirim Beyazit University between March 2019 and April 2020. A total of 58 acromegalic patients were enrolled. All patients were identified from our database and called for a clinical visit and filling the questionnaire forms. RESULTS: A total of 58 patients were included in this study (41.4% female). The mean age of the patients was 52±10.8 years. Median year from symptom to diagnosis (min-max) was 2 (1-12). Notably, 55.2% of the patients did not graduate from high school. Of the 58 patients, 30 (51.7%) patients had knowledge about the etiology of their disease. While 12 (20.7%) patients identified their initial symptoms themselves, 75% of the patients reported their symptoms during the clinical history taken by a health care professional. The majority of patients were diagnosed by an endocrinologist (69%). Acromegaly did not affect social life but affected work life and caused early retirement. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed as primary treatment in 96.6% of the patients (n=56). In all, 46 (79.3%) patients received medical treatment with somatostatin receptor ligands (e.g., octreotide or lanreotide long-acting release [LAR]) with or without cabergoline. Overall disease control was achieved in 38 (65.5%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Acromegaly is usually detected incidentally by clinicians. The diagnosis of acromegaly is delayed in most patients and disease-related complications have already developed at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, increasing the awareness of the society and health care professionals will reduce both disease-related comorbidities and the economic burden on the health system.

Trabalho por turnos e vida familiar e social na perspectiva dos/as filhos/as / Trabajo por turnos y vida familiar y social en la perspectiva de los/las hijos/as / Shift work and its impacts on family life and social life from childrens perspective

RESUMO. Nos estudos sobre o impacto do trabalho por turnos nos domínios social e familiar é mais comum os efeitos serem estudados ao nível do/a trabalhador/a e na sua própria perspectiva. Tendo em consideração tal constatação, o presente estudo pretende compreender o impacto do trabalho por turnos na esfera familiar e social, tendo em conta a perspectiva dos/as filhos/as de trabalhadores/as por turnos. Participaram no estudo 19 filhos/as de trabalhadores/as por turnos. A recolha de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, tendo esta abordado temas como tempo em família, comunicação ou acompanhamento escolar. De um modo geral, os resultados indicaram a existência quer de impactos negativos (tempo em família, educação parental, acompanhamento escolar, atividades regulares, atividades pontuais e comunicação), quer de impactos positivos (acompanhamento escolar, atividades pontuais) ou, sem percepção de impacto, nas áreas avaliadas. O impacto percepcionado pelos/as filhos/as nas diferentes áreas avaliadas está em boa medida dependente do tipo de horário de trabalho a que está sujeito o progenitor que labora por turnos e da flexibilidade permitida ou não pela organização na gestão dos horários de trabalho (ex., possibilidade ou não de permutas).

RESUMEN. En los estudios del impacto del trabajo por turnos en los dominios social y familiar es más común que sean estudiados al nivel del trabajador y en su propia perspectiva. Teniéndolo en consideración, este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender el impacto del trabajo por turnos en el ámbito familiar y social, teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de los/as hijos/as de los trabajadores/as por turnos. La recogida de datos se realizó por intermedio de entrevista semi estructurada, abordando temas como tiempo en familia, comunicación o seguimiento escolar. De un modo general, los resultados indicaron la existencia tanto de impactos negativos (tiempo en familia, educación parental, seguimiento escolar, actividades regulares, actividades puntuales y comunicación) como de impactos positivos (seguimiento escolar, actividades puntuales) o, sin percepción de impacto, en las áreas evaluadas. El impacto decepcionado por los/as hijos/as en las diferentes áreas evaluadas esta depende en gran parte del tipo de horario de trabajo del progenitor que trabajo por turnos y de la flexibilidad permitida o no por la organización en la gestión de los horarios de trabajo (ej. Posibilidad o no de permutas).

ABSTRACT. In researches about the impact shift work has on the social and family domains, the effects are more commonly studied from the workers perspective. Bearing this in mind, the present research intends to understand the impacts of shift work on the family and social domains in the perspective of shift workers' children. Nineteen children from shift working parents took part in this research. Data was collected through a semi-structured interview addressing topics such as family time, communication, and school support. In general, the results indicate negative effects (family time, parental education, school support, regular activities, occasional activities, and communication), positive effects (school support, follow-up occasional activities), or no effects perceived in the areas evaluated. The impacts perceived by children in the different areas evaluated are largely dependent on the parents' type of work schedule, flexibility allowed, and the management of working hours (e.g., possibility of exchange shifts or not).

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex People Residing on Blue Diamond Society of Dhumbarahi, Kathmandu, Nepal: A Social Life Perspective

Background:Sex refers to biological and physical characteristics that are linked with labeled male or female. Transgender refers to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender does not correspond with their birth sex. Objectives:The objective of the study was to determine the social life of LGBTI living at blue diamond society.Methodology:A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted among 188 respondents living at Blue diamond society Dhumbarahi, Kathmandu. Non-probability, purposive sampling technique and structured interview were used for data collection. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 16 and percentage was calculated and presented in tables.Results:Among 188 respondents, 28.2% were transgender male, 28.7% were transgender female, 22.9%were gay and 20.2% were lesbian,all (100%) of the respondents have difficulty walking outside the society, all(100%) of the respondent have difficult to adjust beside their own society and all(100%) of the respondents do not have job opportunity in the society.Conclusion:The above results concluded that further studies on various topics related to LGBTI are needed to conduct for improvement of social life of LGBTI

Contradições do cotidiano nos homicídios por motivo fútil no baixo São Francisco: pistas para pensar a interiorização da violência / Contradictions of everyday life at futilely motivated homicides in the baixo São Francisco: indications to think the increasing of violence in the countryside / Contradicciones del cotidiano en homicidios por moivo trivial en el baixo São Francisco: pistas para pensar el desplazamiento de la violencia para nucleos urbanos periféricos

O estudo dos homicídios por motivo fútil serve como base analítica para refletir acerca do tema da interiorização da violência, fenômeno que se faz presente em recentes estudos sobre criminalidade e violência no Brasil. O aspecto deste tipo de homicídio que permite a análise pretendida é sua íntima vinculação com o cotidiano da vida social e suas contradições, condição que, por sua vez, favorece uma visão da segurança pública não focada no controle da penalidade criminal. Para tal intento, recorre-se a uma pesquisa sobre homicídios por motivos fúteis ocorridos no período de 2008 a 2011 na região do Baixo São Francisco em Sergipe, cuja análise de 48 ocorrências homicidas se fez no campo de tensões entre ‘lógica desenvolvimentista’ e ‘modos de vida tradicionais’, mais precisamente nos conflitos de práticas entre Estado, corporações e comunidades locais.

The study of futilely motivated homicides (a brazilian penalty typification category) serves as an analytic basis to ponder the subject of the increasing of violence in the countryside, a phenomenon that is shown in recent studies on violence and criminality in Brazil. The aspect of this kind of homicide that allows the intended analysis is its intimate bonding with the everyday social life and its contradictions, conditions that support a vision of public security that is not focused on the controlling of criminal penalties. In order to accomplish that, the analysis relies upon a research on futilely motivated homicides that occurred between 2008 and 2011 at the Baixo São Francisco region of the state of Sergipe in which the analysis of 48 homicidal occurrences was build up among the strain between the ‘developmentalism’s way’ of operating and the ‘traditional ways of living’, precisely in the conflicts between practices of the State, corporations and local communities.

El estudio de los homicidios por motivo trivial sirve como base analítica para reflexionar sobre el crescimiento de la violencia en los nucleos urbanos perifericos, fenómeno presente en recientes estudios acerca de criminalidad y violencia en Brasil. El aspecto de este tipo de homicidio que permite la análisis pretendida es su íntima vinculación con el cotidiano de la vida social y sus contradiciones, condición que, por su vez, favorece una visión de la seguridad publica que no se centra en el control de sanción penal. Para este propósito, se recurre a una investigación acerca de homicidios por motivo trivial ocurridos en el periodo de 2008 a 2011 en la región de lo Baixo São Francisco en Sergipe, cuya análisis de 48 ocurrencias homicidas se hice en el campo de tensiones ideológicas entre la ‘lógica desarrollista’ y ‘los modos de vida tradicionales’, mas precisamente en los conflitos de las prácticas entre el Estado, corporaciones y comunidades locales.

The difficulties of social adaptation of patients with HIV/AIDS

Estudo quantitativo de caráter descritivo, realizado na Unidade de Referência em Doenças Infecciosas Preveníveis da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, com objetivos de verificar os preconceitos que ainda existem em relação aos pacientes portadores do HIV ou com AIDS, bem como os motivos pelos quais existem; e de investigar as dificuldades de adaptação no convívio social de pacientes com AIDS. A amostra foi composta por 20 pacientes portadores de HIV/AIDS atendidos na Unidade de Doenças Infecciosas Preveníveis, que participaram da coleta de dados respondendo um questionário. A maior parte (11; 55 por cento) dos entrevistados relatou repercussões em suas vidas após a descoberta da soropositividade, comumente no convívio social (amigos, família e serviços de saúde). Constatou-se que a falta de conhecimento sobre a doença é um fator determinante do preconceito. Neste estudo, pode-se constatar a existência de preconceito relacionado a pacientes soropositivos, mesmo após três décadas da primeira ocorrência de HIV/AIDS.

Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior of Children with Cerebral Palsy: 169 Case Report / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo explore the state of intelligence and adaptive behavior of children with cerebral palsy and the correlation between them.Methods169 children with cerebral palsy were evaluated with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Chinese version) and the Infants-Junior Middle School Students' Social-Life Abilities Scale for the intelligence and the adaptive behavior.ResultsThe average scores of verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) and full intelligence quotient(FIQ) of the patients were lower than the normal children and the average scores of PIQ and FIQ were less than 70; the PIQ deficiency was significant more than the VIQ deficiency(P<0.001). 93 cases had mental deficiency, including 43(46.23%) for mild, 36(38.71%) for moderate, 13(13.98%) for severe, 1(1.08%) for extreme severe. There were 113(66.86%) for the deficiency of full social-life abilities, 104(61.54%) for Self-Help, 147(86.98%) for Locomotion, 133 (78.70%) for Occupation, 73 (43.20%) for Communication, 115(68.05%) for Socialization, 90 (53.25%) Self-Direction. The damage of Locomotion was the most serious, while the damage of Communication was the least serious. The outcomes of Wechsler Intelligence Scale was significantly correlated with the Infants-Junior Middle School Students' Social-Life Abilities Scale(P<0.001).ConclusionThe cerebral palsy causes not only intelligent damage, but also intelligence deficiency in most patients and the major level of the intelligent deficiency is mild to moderate. The damage of the performance intelligence has more influence on the full scale intelligence in the children with cerebral palsy. Most of the children with cerebral palsy have inconsistent deficiency of different aspects of the adaptive behavior.

Do persons with intellectual disability have a social life? The Israeli reality: [review]

Living in the community does not, in and of itself, guarantee social integration and inclusion for persons with intellectual disability. Social life and leisure participation can indicate the beginning of such a process and its impact on the quality of life. The present study investigated the social life quality of persons with intellectual disability who live in community settings or with foster families and its impact on their quality of life. The sample consisted of 85 adults with intellectual disability, ranging in age from 18 to 55 years. Forty-five of them lived in community residential settings and 40 lived with foster families in Israel. Five questionnaires were used: 1) a demographic questionnaire; 2) Quality of Life Questionnaire;¹ 3) the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale;² 4) Social Relationships List;³ and 5) Leisure Activities List.³ The main findings showed no significant differences between the two groups in social life or feelings of loneliness. Foster residents were more involved and more independent in their leisure activities than were those who lived in community residences. An association between social life and quality of life was partly confirmed. The need for intervention programs and leisure education programs is discussed.

El hecho de vivir en una comunidad no garantiza, por sí mismo, ni la integración ni la inclusión de los discapacitados intelectuales. Las amistades y la participación en actividades recreativas pueden ser indicadores de que tal proceso comienza a darse y de su impacto en la calidad de vida. El presente trabajo investigó la calidad de vida social de personas con discapacidad intelectual que viven en residencias comunitarias y con familias adoptivas y su impacto en cuanto a calidad de vida. La muestra consistió de 85 adultos con discapacidad intelectual de edad entre 18 y 55 años. Cuarenta y cinco de ellos viven en áreas comunitarias residenciales y 40 con familias adoptivas en Israel. Se utilizaron cinco cuestionarios: 1) un cuestionario demográfico; 2) el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida;¹ 3) la Escala de Soledad Revisada de la UCLA;² 4) el Catálogo de Relaciones Sociales;³ y 5) el Catálogo de Actividades Recreativas.³ En general no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en lo referente al número de amistades o en cuanto a los sentimientos de soledad. Los residentes con familias adoptivas tendieron a involucrarse más y a ser más independientes en sus actividades recreativas que los que vivían en residencias comunitarias. Se confirmó en parte una relación entre vida social y calidad de vida. Se discute la necesidad de programas de intervención y educación de la recreación.

Effect of Shift Work on Worker's Health, Family and Social Life at a Automobile Manufacturing Plant / 대한산업의학회지

Effect of shift work on worker's health, family and social life was investigated at a automobile manufacturing plant in Inchon. In total, 2488 shift workers and 599 non-shift workers completed self administered questionnaire in their sleep pattern, subjective gastrointestinal symptoms, prevalent chronic disease status, general well-being schedule, family and social life. More shift workers complained of sleep disturbance, poor sleep quality, tiredness at awakening, and sleepiness in work than non-shift workers. More shift workers also complained of gastrointestinal disturbance than non-shift workers. Worker's mental health was assessed by General Well-Being Schedule(GWB) questionnaire developed for the U.S. Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys(HANES I). The percentage of severely distressed shift workers was significantly higher than that of non-shift workers(p<0.01). Among subscores in General Well-Being Schedule, anxiety, depression, positive well-being, vitality, and general health subscale of shift workers were lower than those of non-shift workers (p<0.05). In terms of family and social life, there was no significant difference between two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done for discrete variables which showed statistically significant difference between shift and non-shift group. The variables included in analysis were sleep disturbance symptoms, gastrointestinal complaints, and distress level calculated from GWB score. Age, tenure, smoking, alcohol drinking, and exercise were adjusted as confounding factors and odds ratios for above symptoms due to shift work were calculated. Odds ratios (ORs) for sleep disturbance symptoms ranged from 0.52 to 3.59. ORs for gastrointestinal complaints ranged from 1.19 to 1.34. OR for distress level was 1.31. We concluded that shift workers are suffered from physical and psychological ailments due to shift work and interventional methods for preventing worker's health from adverse effects of shift work are needed.