Impact of anticoagulant therapy starting at different platelet levels on the incidences of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy and devascularization / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the impact of anticoagulant therapy starting at different platelet levels on the incidences of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after splenectomy and devascularization.Methods:From January 2014 to January 2017, 125 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension underwent splenectomy and pericardial devascularization in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University. All patients routinely received anticoagulant therapy. There were 85 patients who had a platelet count greater than >100×10 9/L (the study group) and 40 patients who had a platelet count greater than >300×10 9/L (the control group). The incidence of PVT was compared between the two groups. Results:A total of 125 patients were included in the study, including 91 males and 34 females, aged 20-59 years. Age, gender, preoperative platelet level, preoperative splenic vein and portal vein width, preoperative coagulation function, preoperative liver function (Child classification), preoperative esophageal and gastric varices, operation time, preoperative bleeding time, preoperative venous blood flow velocity, coagulation function 1 week and 2 weeks after operation between the two groups were not significantly different (all P>0.05). Of 125 patients undergoing splenectomy and pericardial devascularization, PVT was not found in all patients before operation. The incidence of PVT was 39.2% (49/125) within one month after operation. Among the 85 patients in the study group, 28 patients developed PVT, and the incidence of thrombosis was 32.9% (28/85). In the control group, 21 patients developed PVT, and the thrombosis rate was 52.5% (21/40). The difference was significant (χ 2=4.366, P=0.037). After anticoagulant therapy, the incidence of bleeding in the study group was 4.7% (4/85), and that in the control group was 5.0% (2/40), the difference was no significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Early anticoagulation (platelet >100×10 9/L) does not increase the risk of postoperative bleeding, but can reduce the incidence of PVT.

Clinical effect of laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization in portal hypertension patients with Child-Pugh A/B liver function / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization (LSPD) in patients with portal hypertension and the long-term effect of LSPD. MethodsA total of 40 portal hypertension patients with Child-Pugh A/B liver function who received LSPD in The First Hospital of Jilin University from August to December 2017 were enrolled as surgical group, and 44 portal hypertension patients with Child-Pugh A/B liver function who received conservative treatment during the same period of time was enrolled as internal medicine group. The patients were followed up to June 30, 2019, and liver function parameters, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and portal vein thrombosis were recorded for all patients at each time point. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; an analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the Bonferroni test was used for further comparison between two groups. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution; between multiple groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for further comparison between two groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsAt 6, 12, and 24 months after discharge, compared with the internal medicine group, the surgical group had a significantly higher level of cholinesterase (t=3.527, 3.849, and 5.555, all P＜0.05) and a significantly lower Child-Pugh score (t=2.498, 2.138, and 2.081, all P＜0.05). Compared with the internal medicine group at 12 and 24 months after discharge, the surgical group had a significantly higher level of albumin (t=3.120 and 2.587, both P＜0.05) and a significantly lower incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (χ2=4.947 and 5.155, both P＜0.05). At 24 months after discharge, the surgical group had a significantly lower number of patients who had a significant increase in alpha-fetoprotein level than the internal medicine group (χ2=4.648, P=0.031). At 12 months after discharge, the surgical group had a significantly higher incidence rate of portal vein thrombosis than the internal medicine group (χ2=4.395, P=0.036). The surgical group had significant improvements in albumin (F=2.959, P=0.013), cholinesterase (F=11.022, P＜0001), prothrombin time (H=94.100, P＜0.001), and Child-Pugh score (F=3.742, P=0.003) from admission to 12 and 24 months after surgery. ConclusionIn portal hypertension patients with Child-Pugh A/B liver function, LSPD can improve liver function and reduce the incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and the high incidence rate of portal vein thrombosis can be effectively reduced by oral aspirin and rivaroxaban.

Feasibility of splenectomy and pericardial devascularization in patients with Child-Pugh grade C cirrhosis and portal hypertension / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of splenectomy and pericardial devascularization in patients with Child-Pugh grade C cirrhosis,portal hypertension,and severe hypersplenism or after the first gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage (GEV bleeding).Methods From January 2010 to January 2017,the clinical data from patients with Child-Pugh grade C cirrhosis,portal hypertension with a high risk of GEV bleeding were retrospectively analyzed.These patients underwent splenectomy and pericardial devascularization at the Huashan Hospital Affiliated to the Fudan University.The safety and effectiveness of surgery,postoperative complications and mortality were further explored.Results Liver protection treatment was given before surgery to improve the liver function.Of the 32 patients who underwent splenectomy and pericardial devascularization,the operation time was (2.2±0.3) hours.The blood loss was (208.0± 102.0) ml and the hospital stay after surgery was (11.8±2.8) d.Postoperative complications included fever,wound infection and ascites.One patient died of hypovolemic shock and acute renal failure.The incidence of postoperative PVT was 12.5％ (4/32).The rates of GEV rebleeding at 1 year,3 years,and 5 years after surgery were 6.3％ (2/32),6.3％ (2/32),and 9.4％ (3/32).The 5-year overall mortality rate was 12.5％ (4/32).Conclusions In the absence of obvious surgical contraindications and with a lack of donor livers for liver transplantation,aggressive perioperative management,splenectomy and pericardial devascularization are a feasible option for patients with Child-Pugh grade C cirrhosis,portal hypertension with a high risk of GEV bleeding.