Noche Partida: Utilidad y tolerancia comparada con titulación de CPAP en noche completa / Split night. Usefulness and tolerance compared with full-night CPAP titration

Introducción: El tratamiento de elección en el síndrome de apneas/hipopneas obstructivas del sueño (SAHOS) es el empleo de la presión continua positiva sobre la vía aérea (CPAP). La presión eficaz que corrige los eventos respiratorios debe ser determinada en forma individual en cada paciente independientemente del método utilizado. Se ha planteado que la polisomnografia noche partida (PSGNP) podría no ser adecuada para evaluar la gravedad de la enfermedad y los pacientes tendrían una menor adherencia al equipo de CPAP. Objetivo: Se plantea corroborar la utilidad de la realización de la PSGNP. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluaron los pacientes con SAHOS severo. Se dividieron en dos grupos, aquellos que realizaron PSGNP y polisomnografia noche completa (PSGNC). Se evalúo el éxito o fracaso de la titulación a la CPAP y se compararon ambos grupos por edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de cuello, escala de Epworth, índice de perturbación respiratoria (IPR), saturación basal y mínima. Resultados: Se evaluaron 314 pacientes. Se realizó PSGNP a 216 pacientes (68.8%) y PSGNC a 98. La titulación fue eficaz y bien tolerada en 159 (73.6%) de los pacientes que realizaron PSGNP. En el grupo de PSGNC, en 73 se realizó un segundo estudio para titulación y 25 no concurrieron. En este grupo, la titulación fue eficaz en 64 (87.7%) p = 0.013. A los pacientes que fracasaron en la PSGNP se los citó a un nuevo estudio de PSGNC, de estos concurrieron 42 (73.7%) y lograron titular en forma eficaz a 31 (73.8%). Utilizando la modalidad PSGNP se logró titular a 190 (88%) de los pacientes vs 64 (65.3%) del grupo PSGNC (p < 0.0001). Conclusión: La PSGNP ha demostrado ser eficaz y bien tolerada en la mayoría de los pacientes resolviendo en una sola noche el diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Introduction: The treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea / hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Effective pressure correcting respiratory events must be determined individually for each patient regardless of the method used. It has been suggested that the split-night polysomnography (SNPSN) may not be appropriate to assess the severity of the disease and patients may have a lower adherence to CPAP. Objetives: To evaluate the utility SNPSG study performance. Materials and Methods: Patients with severe OSAHS were evaluated. They were divided into two groups, SNPSG and full night polysomnography (FNPSG). The success or failure of the CPAP titration was evaluated and both groups were compared by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, Epworth scale, respiratory perturbation index (PRI), basal and lowest saturation. Results: 314 patients were evaluated. SNPSG was conducted on 216 patients (68.8%) and FNPSG on 98 patients. Titration was effective and well tolerated in 159 (73.6%) of the patients undergoing PSGSN. In the group of FNPSG, a second study of titration was performed on 73 patients and 25 were absent. In this group titration was effective in 64 (87.7%) p = 0.013. Patients who failed SNPSG took part in a new FNPSG study, of whom 42 (73.7 %) attended achieving effective pressure in 31 (73.8%). SNPSG mode achieved effective titration at 190 (88%) patients vs 64 (65.3%) from FNPSG group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: SNPSG has proven to be effective and well tolerated by most patients solving diagnosis and treatment in a single night.

Sleep Architecture and Physiological Characteristics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Split-Night Analysis / 수면정신생리

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome disrupts normal sleep. However, there were few studies to evaluate the asymmetric distribution, the one of the important factors of normal sleep in OSA subjects. We hypothesized that asymmetry would be broken in OSA patients. 49 male subjects with the complaint of heavy snoring were studied with polysomnography. We divided them into two groups based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) fifteen: 13 simple snoring group (SSN, average AHI 5.9+/-4.4) and 32 OSA group (average AHI 47.3+/-23.9). We compared split sleep variables between the first half and the second half of sleep within each group with paired t-test for the evaluation of asymmetry. Changes of sleep architecture of OSA were higher stage 1 sleep% (S1), total arousal index (TAI), AHI, and mean heart rate (HR) and lower stage 2 sleep% (S2), REM sleep%, and mean arterial O2 saturation (SaO2) than SSN subjects. SWS and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) were not different between two groups. In split-night analysis, OSA subjects showed higher S2, slow wave sleep% (SWS), spontaneous arousal index (SAI), and mean HR in the first half, and higher REM sleep% and mean SaO2 in the second half. Those were same pattern as in SSN subjects. Mean apnea duration and longest apnea duration were higher in the second half only in the OSA. No differences of AHI, ODI, WASO, and S1 were found between the first and the second half of sleep in both groups. TAI was higher in the first half only in the SSN. SWS and WASO seemed to be influenced sensitively by simple snoring as well as OSA. Unlike our hypothesis, asymmetric distributions of major sleep architecture variables were preserved in OSA group. Losing asymmetry of TAI might be related to pathophysiology of OSA. We need more studies that include large number of subjects in the future.