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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the profile of metabolites of gastric mucosa involving the effectiveness of moxibustion in the treatment of syndromes of stomach heat (SH) and stomach cold (SC) by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy in rats, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of gastric disorders. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control, SH-model, SC-model, SH-moxibustion and SC-moxibustion groups (n＝6 rats/group). The SH-model and SC-model were established by gavage of pepper liquid plus ethanol, and ice water plus NaOH, respectively. Moxibustion was applied to bilateral "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Liangmen"(ST21) for 20 min, once daily for 7days. Histopathological changes of the gastric tissue were observed by H．E. staining. Differential metabolites in the gastric mucosal tissue were detected and the relevant metabolic pathways analyzed by using 1H-NMR, pattern recognition method，and online MetPA (http: //www.metaboanalyst.ca). RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the body mass was decreased significantly from the 4th to 14th day after modeling (P<0.05，P<0.01). After the treatment, the body mass was obviously increased from the 10th day on in both SH-EA and SC-EA groups relevant to the SH and SC model group, respectively (P<0.05，P<0.01). H．E. staining showed severe damage of the columnar epithelial structure of the gastric mucosa and inflammatory cell infiltration in the SH group, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the SC model group, which were relatively milder in both moxibustion groups. 1H-NMR analysis displayed a total of 16 potential biomarkers in the injured gastric mucosa of SH syndrome and 14 biomarkers for the SC syndrome after mode-ling, and 13 metabolites related to SH moxibustion and 8 metabolites related to SC moxibustion after moxibustion interventions, respectively. After moxibustion, among the 13 differential metabolites of the SH syndrome, the effectively up-regulated candidates were isoleucine, creatinine, choline and lactate (P<0.05), and the down-regulated ones were choline phosphate, glycine, alanine, urine pyrimidine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, hypoxanthine, adenosine and nicotinamide (P<0.05). Among the 8 metabolites related to the SC syndrome, creatinine, ethanolamine, choline, adenosine and nicotinamide were markedly increased (P<0.05), and glycine, creatine phosphate and tyrosine remarkably decreased in their levels after moxibustion (P<0.05). MetPA showed that moxibustion could regulate 10 metabolic pathways for SH syndrome and 7 metabolic pathways for SC syndrome. Metabolites and metabolic pathways are mainly involved in functions of amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION: The idea of "moxibustion could be used for heat syndrome" has metabolic substance basis, and its efficacy in repairing the injured gastric mucosa involves regulation of amino acid metabolism, energy balance and inflammation response, and moxibustion for SH and SC syndromes has both generality and specificity in regulating metabolic activities.
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Objective SD rat models of stomach-heat syndrome were established to further investigate the physiopathological mechanism of stomach-heat syndrome.Methods Under certain laboratory condition,criteria of stomach-heat syndrome for the animal models were set up firstly.Then decoction of Rhizoma Zingiberis was given to the rats for modeling.Two weeks after modeling,the symptoms of the rats were observed and pathological and biochemical examination was carried out.Weireqing capsules were used to confirm the success of the establishment of stomach-heat syndrome in rats.Results Two weeks after modeling,the model rats had the symptoms of thirst with preference for drinking and reddened tongue.Congestion in gastric mucosa occurred and the levels of 6-keto-PGF1?and TXB2 in the model group were higher than those in the control group.However,in model rats pretreated with Weireqing,the symptoms and signs of stomach-heat syndrome and histological changes were relieved.Conclusion Under the controlled laboratory condition,feeding rats with decoction of Radix Zingiberis can be successfully used to establish animal model of human stomach-heat syndrome .
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AIM:To investigate the principle of function of Stomach-Clearing Powder (Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Moutan Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) on clearing the stomach-heat. METHODS: 5% alcohol water were used as drink water of mice to make model. In the treatment group, "Stomach-Clearing Powder" was administed. Three weeks later, the anal temperature, the evacuation time of active carbon powder,stomach cAMP, SOD, MDA and the pathological changes in stomach and tongue were observed and recorded. RESULTS: "Stomach-Clearing Powder" could can obviously improve the pathological changes of the model group with stomach-heat syndrom. CONCLUSION: The established pathological model of stomach-heat syndrome accorded with traditional Chinese medicine; "Stomach-Clearing Powder" has the effect on clearing the stomach-heat on the experimental mouse.