Promoting implementation research and One Health approach to respond the four global health challenges: an interpretation of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) Strategy 2024—2029 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Tropical diseases, notably neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, remain major health problems endangering the poorest and most-marginalized people in the world. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), which is co-sponsored by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, is an important programme that helps facilitate, support, guide and coordinate global efforts to combat tropical diseases. On July 2023, TDR formally issued its 2024—2029 strategy, which proposed the direction and proprieties of global tropical disease prevention and control in the next six years. Based on its original focus on supporting researchers and research institutions from low and middle-income countries to conduct research on tropical diseases and building their research capabilities, this strategy proposed some new developments, which mainly included incorporating tropical disease prevention and control into the overall framework of addressing major global health challenges and achieving the health goals set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to combat tropical diseases and contribute to achieving health goals of SDGs in a collaborative and integrated manner; supporting implementation research and encouraging practitioners and social innovators to participate in research to enable generation of solutions that may be used to solve local health problems; promoting and encouraging the One Health concept and interdisciplinary and cross-departmental collaboration; shifting gradually its focus from disease prevention and control to addressing the health needs of the poorest and most-marginalized populations. These new developments deserve the attention of personnel and institutions in China dedicated to the prevention and control of tropical diseases in order to help their future researches and activities.

Awareness of Injectable Polio Vaccine among Doctors of Government Hospitals in Abbottabad

Introduction: IPV was introduced in areas of northern KPK, Quetta, and Karachi. The success of polio eradication and endgame strategic plan 2013-2018 depends upon doctors’ knowledge and approval of IPV. Aim of this study was to assess doctors’ knowledge and perception regarding IPV. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on doctors in government hospitals of Abbottabad, Pakistan from January 2017 to June 2017. A sample size of 250 was calculated using WHO sample size calculator at 95% confidence level. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data after taking informed consent. The analysis was done in SPSS version 21. Results: IPV’s advantage of being administered exclusively as well as a booster dose was known to 36%. Other merits of IPV like, no requirement of special cold chain storage and no incidence of VAPP (Vaccine Associated Poliomyelitis) was known by 7.6% and 56.54% respectively. Only 25% of doctors knew about latest endgame strategic plan 2013-2018 and National Emergency Action Plan. Conclusion: Doctor’s knowledge and acceptance regarding IPV was very low. Most of the doctors still preferred OPV over IPV as they fear injection pain due to IPV and are not much aware of IPV’s advantages over OPV. Thus clear-cut strategies need to be established for sensitization and education of doctors and correspondingly the masses regarding IPV.

Experiences of Managers of Hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences on Obstacles of Implementing the Strategic Plan in 2017

Background: Strategic planning and its vital impact on achieving the organization goals, sometimes managers face serious obstacles and problems in implementing the strategic decisions. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of managers of hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences on obstacles of implementing strategic plans in 2017. Methods: this qualitative study was conducted using a Hermeneutics approach which was accomplished through semi-structured interview with 8 hospital managers and those who had a main role in strategic planning and were selected with purposeful sampling method. Data was collected till reaching data saturation. Results: 80 codes were extracted by data analysis and finally 4 main themes, 12 classes and 26 subcategories were obtained. Themes include: managerial inefficient structure, inefficient human resources, inappropriate infrastructure and inefficient policies. Conclusion: Findings of the present study will provide a better perception of obstacles, opportunities and finally strategies of promoting this plan due to experiences of managers and other involving factors. Obstacles and factors of failure of strategic decisions in the hospitals should be fully known so that during implementation of strategic management process, the desired results are obtained with providence and better management or changing approaches

The Current Strategic Direction of Diabetes Education: American Association of Diabetes Educators Yearly Strategic Plan 2016~2018 / 임상당뇨병

The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased rapidly, affecting both individuals and society. Recent data suggest that multiple DM conditions impose an even larger burden on society and individuals. The effective self-management and prevention of DM has been one of the major agendas of health policy around the world. This is a time of sweeping change in health care regarding DM. To prepare for these changes, the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) completed a thorough assessment of the current environment and trends affecting people with diabetes and diabetes education professionals. This paper explains the AADE 2016~2018 Strategic Plan, including ideas for empowering diabetes educators to expand the horizon of innovative education, management, and support. The roles and competencies of educators are evolving as various education delivery models advance and diversify.

Current Status and Strategic Plan of Nutrition Education Comparing Nutrition Teachers with Dietitians in Schools, Gyeonggi Area / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The aim of this study was to investigate how implementation of direct nutrition education differs between nutrition teachers and dietitians in Gyeonggi Area. In this study, we collected data from 107 nutrition teachers and 129 dietitians in 2012. Among those who have answered they implemented direct nutrition education for the last one year, 36% were nutrition teachers and 10% were dietitians (p < 0.05). Among subjects who implemented direct education, a significantly greater percentage of nutrition teachers used a class as an education time to conduct creative hands-on-activity compare to dietitians (p < 0.05). However, for most dietitians, school meal time was more commonly used for direct nutrition education. When asked to make a suggestion regarding improvement for school nutrition education, the highest rate of people chose simplification of school administrative work (4.68 points) was needed. Developing nutrition education (4.55 points) showed the next highest rate. The rest of the answers were the following order; regular training of teaching methods (4.50 points), increasing awareness of school teachers (4.50 points), improving school facilities and financial support (4.47 points), preparing teaching plan (4.46 points), providing incentive for direct education (4.26 points), organizing regular class for nutrition education (4.17 points), and placing nutrition teachers (4.16 points). This study provides useful information including manageable workload of nutrition teachers and dietitians, capacity building and supportive school environment to be delivered with respect to nutrition education system in South Korea.

Plan nacional de investigación forestal y plan estratégico del programa nacional de ciencia y tecnologías agropecuarias (Colciencias) / National forestry research plan and strategic plan of the agricultural science and technology program (Colciencias)

El presente artículo divulga a la comunidad científica las prioridades de investigación nacional de las áreas agropecuaria y forestal, con base en las líneas de investigación identificadas por el Programa de Ciencia y Tecnologías Agropecuarias, para los planes estratégicos 2010-2019 de Colciencias. El plan estratégico agropecuario ha establecido que las prioridades de investigación para Colombia son gestión de la cadena de suministros, nutrición, pobreza rural, calidad e inocuidad, lenta transformación productiva: costo de oportunidad e investigación insuficiente y descontextualizada; cada una de las problemáticas anteriormente mencionadas es descrita brevemente en el documento. En cuanto al Plan Nacional de Investigación Forestal, se han propuesto las siguientes tres líneas temáticas: fortalecer un programa nacional de mejoramiento genético de especies forestales que contribuyan a la productividad y al incremento de los servicios ambientales; identificar y caracterizar áreas, especies y productos potenciales para programas de reforestación; e identificar especies, arreglos y densidades que optimicen los bienes obtenibles de una plantación forestal y sus servicios ambientales, para las condiciones sociales y agroecológicas prioritarias del país. Se espera divulgar la información de los dos planes estratégicos en el ámbito nacional, durante el primer semestre del año 2011, a fin de que el Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Colciencias), apoye los proyectos de investigación que cumplan con las expectativas de las prioridades identificadas.

This paper aims to share the national research priorities in agriculture and forestry areas with the scientific community, based on the lines of research identified by the Agricultural Science and Technology Program for the 2010-2019 Strategic Plans by Colciencias. The Strategic Agriculture Plan has determined that the research priorities are Colombia to manage the supply chain, nutrition, rural poverty, quality and innocuousness, as well as the slow production transformation: cost of opportunity and insufficient, decontextualized research. Each of the aforementioned problems is briefly described in the document. As far as the National Plan of Forestry Research is concerned, the following three main topics were suggested: to strengthen a national genetic improvement of tree species that contribute to productivity and the increase of environmental services; to identify and characterize areas, species and potential products for reforestation programs; and to identify species, arrangements and densities that optimize the goods that may be obtained from a forest plantation and its environmental services for the top priority social and agro-ecological conditions of the country. The information regarding the two National Strategic Plans is expected to be disclosed during the first semester of 2011, so that the Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (Colciencias) can support the research projects that meet the expectations of the identified priorities.

O PES e a construção de uma Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal no Brasil / The SSP and the construction of National Oral Health Policy in Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo é rever as conquistas legais obtidas pela odontologia desde o início da era democrática, com a promulgação da Constituição de 1988, e suas aplicações legitimadas pelas leis orgânicas da saúde e regulamentadas pelas normas operacionais editadas pelo Ministério da Saúde, seguindo o roteiro traçado pelas Diretrizes da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal. Ademais, deseja-se, por meio dessa discussão, pautar o desenvolvimento de atividades de planejamento em saúde para os profissionais da prática pública, pela utilização deste modelo como instrumento promotor de política de saúde pública para os gestores e coordenadores municipais da área de saúde bucal de todo território nacional, seguindo as diretrizes do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES), de autoria de Carlos Matus, e os critérios epidemiológicos utilizados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde