Clinically important left superior polar artery giving rise to a left inferior suprarenal artery and an aberrant left inferior polar artery: a case report / Artéria polar superior esquerda de importância clínica dando origem à artéria suprarrenal inferior esquerda e artéria polar inferior esquerda aberrante: relato de caso

Abstract The renal arteries arise from the lateral side of the abdominal aorta at the L2 vertebral level, just below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. Multiple aberrant renal arteries can pose difficulties in renal transplantation, interventional radiological and urological procedures, renal artery embolization, angioplasty, or vascular reconstruction for congenital and acquired lesions. We present a case of a left kidney supplied by the left renal artery along with superior and inferior polar arteries, arising from the aorta and inferior mesenteric artery respectively. The inferior mesenteric artery was crossed by the left ureter and inferior mesenteric vein. The superior polar artery gave rise to an inferior suprarenal artery making the variation important for clinicians and surgeons.

Resumo As artérias renais originam-se do lado lateral da aorta abdominal, no nível da vértebra L2, logo abaixo da origem da artéria mesentérica superior. A presença de múltiplas artérias renais aberrantes pode representar dificuldades para transplante renal, procedimentos radiológicos e urológicos intervencionistas, embolização da artéria renal, angioplastia e reconstrução vascular para lesões congênitas e adquiridas. Apresentamos um caso de rim esquerdo vascularizado pela artéria renal esquerda e pelas artérias polares superior e inferior, as quais se originavam da aorta e da artéria mesentérica inferior, respectivamente. A artéria mesentérica inferior era cruzada pelo ureter esquerdo e pela veia mesentérica inferior. A artéria polar superior dava origem à artéria suprarrenal inferior, o que torna essa variação importante para clínicos e cirurgiões.

Anatomical variant origin of suprarenal arteries from coeliac trunk development, and its clinical significance

Background: One of the most vascular organ in the body Adrenal gland being highly variant in vasculature and tough to approach, its knowledge needs to be updated regularly. Anatomists, Surgeons and Radiologists will be benefitted with this study and improves the quality of care provided to patients by reducing morbidity and mortality.Methods: This study was done on 48 formalin fixed cadavers (33 males, 15 females) in the department of anatomy, between 2014-2019. Coeliac trunk was skeletonized, and branches traced looking for suprarenal arterial branches.Results: Superior Suprarenal Artery originated from Inferior phrenic artery in 13(27%) cases, and these Inferior phrenic arteries were arising from the Coeliac trunk, and in one (2.03%) case Superior suprarenal artery was arising directly from Coeliac trunk and which had even replaced the Middle Suprarenal Artery. None of the Middle and Inferior Suprarenal Artery came from coeliac trunk.Conclusions: Knowledge of Superior Suprarenal Arterial variations while doing surgeries, and during radiological interventions in and around the lesser sac, and involving the Coeliac trunk helps the clinicians in reducing the morbidity and mortality.

A cadaveric study of the testicular artery and its clinical significance / Um estudo da artéria testicular em cadáveres e sua relevância clínica

Abstract Background Knowledge of testicular artery variations is vital to ensure that they are not neglected during a variety of different operative techniques, since damage can cause testicular atrophy. Objectives The present study was therefore intended to identify variants in the origin and course of the testicular arteries. An attempt was made to classify the arteries based on their various origins. Methods This study examined 42 formalin-fixed cadavers of 40 to 70-year-old adult males. Variant origins of the testicular artery were identified and classified. Variations in the origin and course of the artery were colored, photographed, and documented. The distances between the origins of the testicular arteries and the mid-points of the origins of the renal arteries were measured. Results Testicular arteries were classified into four categories on the basis of origin. This variability was defined in relation to the renal and inferior mesenteric arteries. The mean distance between the origin of the testicular artery and the mid-point of the origin of the renal artery were 3.08 and 3.47 cm, on the right and left sides respectively. Variations were almost exclusively found on the left side. The variations observed included multiple arterial twigs forming the testicular artery, suprarenal arteries arising from the testicular artery, and testicular artery duplication. Conclusion This study provides an insight into variations in the testicular artery and proposes a classification which could help surgeons during a variety of procedures on the male abdomen and pelvis.

Resumo Contexto O conhecimento de variações da artéria testicular é vital para assegurar que essas artérias não serão negligenciadas durante a realização de diferentes técnicas operatórias, já que qualquer dano poderia causar atrofia testicular. Objetivos Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar variações na origem e no trajeto das artérias testiculares. Foi feita uma tentativa de classificar as artérias com base em suas diferentes origens. Métodos Este estudo examinou 42 cadáveres de adultos do sexo masculino com idade entre 40 e 70 anos preservados em formol. As diferentes origens da artéria testicular foram identificadas e classificadas. Variações na origem e no trajeto da artérias foram coloridas, fotografadas e documentadas. Foram medidas as distâncias entre a origem das artérias testiculares e o ponto médio da origem das artérias renais. Resultados As artérias testiculares foram classificadas em quatro categorias com base em sua origem. Essa variabilidade foi definida com relação às artérias renal e mesentérica inferior. A distância média entre a origem da artéria testicular e o ponto médio da origem da artéria renal foi de 3,08 e 3,47 cm nos lados direito e esquerdo, respectivamente. As variações foram encontradas quase exclusivamente no lado esquerdo. As variações observadas incluíram múltiplos ramúsculos formando a artéria testicular, artérias suprarrenais surgindo a partir da artéria testicular, e duplicação da artéria testicular. Conclusão Este estudo traz informações sobre variações da artéria testicular e propõe uma classificação que poderia ajudar os cirurgiões durante diferentes procedimentos realizados no abdome e na pelve de pacientes do sexo masculino.

Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage from Ruptured Suprarenal Artery Aneurysm

Retroperitoneal hemorrhage from a ruptured suprarenal artery aneurysm is very rare. We report on a 34-year-old man who underwent selective angiography for diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal hemorrhage for suprarenal artery aneurysm. The patient made a full recovery with no evidence of further hemorrhage.

Artéria hepática acessória: incidência e distribuição / Accessory hepatic artery: incidence and distribution

As variações anatômicas das artérias hepáticas são comuns. A identificação pré-operatória dessas variações é importante para prevenir lesão inadvertida e complicações potencialmente letais durante procedimentos abertos e endovasculares. Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência, o trajeto extra-hepático e a presença de ramos laterais das artérias hepáticas acessórias definidas como um suprimento arterial adicional para o fígado na presença de artéria hepática normal. Métodos: Oitenta e quatro cadáveres humanos masculinos foram dissecados através de laparotomia mediana transperitoneal. A aorta supracelíaca, o eixo celíaco e as artérias hepáticas foram dissecados, e suas trajetórias foram identificadas para descrever os padrões dos ramos arteriais...

Anatomic variations of the hepatic arteries are common. Preoperative identification of these variations is important to prevent inadvertent injury and potentially lethal complications during open and endovascular procedures. Objective: To evaluate the incidence, extra-hepatic course, and presence of side branches of accessory hepatic arteries, defined as an additional arterial supply to the liver in the presence of normal hepatic artery. Methods: Eighty-four human male cadavers were dissected using a transperitoneal midline laparotomy. The supra-celiac aorta, celiac axis, and hepatic arteries were dissected, and their trajectories were identified to describe arterial branching...