Divertículo de Meckel complicado. Experiencia de 15 años en un hospital interzonal / Complicated Meckel's diverticulum. Fifteen years of experiencein an interzonal hospital in the Province of Buenos Aires

Introducción: el divertículo de Meckel es la anomalía congénita más frecuente del tracto gastrointestinal. Puede presentarse con hemorragia, obstrucción intestinal o diverticulitis, complicaciones que disminuyen con la edad, por lo que en el adulto el diagnóstico suele ser incidental. El tratamiento de las complicaciones es quirúrgico, mediante diverticulectomía o resección segmentaria del intestino delgado, dependiendo de sus características morfológicas. Objetivo: analizar nuestra experiencia en el manejo del divertículo de Meckel complicado en un período de 15 años. Diseño: estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal, retrospectivo. Material y métodos: se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes operados por divertículo de Meckel complicado en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital San Roque durante el periodo 2007-2022. Se registraron datos demográficos, presentación clínica, diagnóstico preoperatorio, tratamiento quirúrgico, complicaciones postoperatorias y hallazgos histopatológicos. Resultados: se incluyeron 25 pacientes, 21 (84%) hombres, 3 menores de 18 años. La presentación clínica fue un síndrome de fosa iliaca derecha en el 80% de los casos, obstrucción intestinal en el 16% y hemorragia en el 4%. En solo 2 casos se realizó el diagnóstico preoperatorio, confirmado mediante tomografía computada. Se realizó diverticulectomía en el 68% de los pacientes y resección segmentaria el 32%. El abordaje fue laparotómico en el 64%, principalmente en el periodo inicial y laparoscópico en el 36%. Hubo una complicación IIIb de Clavien-Dindo en un paciente pediátrico tratado con drenaje percutáneo. En un solo paciente (4%), que se presentó con hemorragia digestiva masiva, se encontró epitelio de tipo gástrico y páncreas ectópico en el divertículo. Conclusiones: En nuestra experiencia el divertículo de Meckel complicado se presentó predominantemente en hombres. La complicación más frecuente en el adulto fue la diverticulitis. El diagnóstico preoperatorio fue infrecuente y realizado por tomografía computada. La diverticulectomía es suficiente en la mayoría de los casos. Actualmente, la laparoscopia es una herramienta segura, rentable y eficiente que permite el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos de esta entidad. (AU)

Introduction: Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract. It can present with bleeding, intesti-nal obstruction or diverticulitis, complications that decrease with age, so in adults the diagnosis is usually incidental. Treatment of complications is surgical, through diverticulectomy or segmental resection of the small intestine, depending on its morphological characteristics. Objective: to analyze our experience in the management of complicated Meckel's diverticulum over a period of 15 years. Design: descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Materials and methods: the medical records of patients operated on for complicated Meckel's diverticulum in the General Surgery Service of the San Roque Hospital during the period 2007-2022 were reviewed. Demo-graphic data, clinical presentation, preoperative diagnosis, surgical treatment, postoperative complications, and histopathological findings were recorded. Results: twenty-five patients were included, 21 (84%) men, 3 under 18 years of age. The clinical presentation was a right iliac fossa syndrome in 80% of cases, intestinal obstruction in 16% and hemorrhage in 4%. In only 2 cases was the preoperative diagnosis made, confirmed by computed tomography. Diverticulectomy was performed in 68% of patients and segmental resection in 32%. The approach was by laparotomy in 64%, mainly in the initial period, and by laparoscopy in 36%. There was a Clavien-Dindo IIIb complication in a pediatric patient treated with percutaneous drain-age. In only one patient (4%), who presented with massive gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric-type epithelium and ectopic pancreas were found in the diverticulum. Conclusions: In our experience, complicated Meckel's diverticulum occurred predominantly in men. The most frequent complication in adults was diverticulitis. Preoperative diagnosis was infrequent and was made by computed tomography. Diverticulectomy is sufficient in most cases. Currently, laparoscopy is a safe, profitable and efficient tool that allows for the timely diagnosis and treatment of this entity. (AU)

Retrospective Study of Patients Submitted to Appendectomy in a Tertiary Hospital: Is There a Difference between the Public and Supplementary Health System?

Abstract Introduction Appendicitis is the surgical disease with the highest prevalence in emergency rooms. Its clinical and/or surgical complications are associated with the time course of symptoms, age, comorbidities, and stages of the disease. Objectives To analyze the demographic and clinical data of patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis in a tertiary referral hospital in the city of São Paulo and compare these data between services provided by the Public and Supplementary Health System. Methodology Retrospective analysis of data from electronic medical records of patients over 14 years old who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis at Hospital Santa Marcelina, both in the Public and Supplementary Health Systems from January 2015 to December 2017. Results A total of 536 patients were analyzed, 354 (66%) of whom were male with a general mean age of 29.85 years (14-81 years). The mean time from symptoms to seeking medical care was 53.84 hours. Regarding the phases of acute appendicitis, a greater number of cases of complicated disease was observed in patients operated on in the Public Health System (p < 0.0001), as well as the time course of symptoms (p = 0.0005) and Conclusion There was a predominance of male patients undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis, with longer time course of symptoms in those operated on in the Public Health System and a predominance of appendicitis in advanced stages (3 and 4) in this group. However, in this group there was no significant increase in the rate of postoperative infection, and the length of stay was shorter than that of patients operated on in the Supplementary Health System.

Individualized surgical treatment strategy for children with anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective To summarize and explore the individualized surgical treatment strategy and prognosis of anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery (AAOCA). Methods The clinical data of children with AAOCA admitted to Shanghai Children's Medical Center from March 2018 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 17 children were enrolled, including 13 males and 4 females, with a median age of 88 (44, 138) months and a median weight of 25 (18, 29) kg. All patients received operations. The methods of coronary artery management included coronary artery decapitation in 9 patients, coronary artery transplantation in 5 patients and coronary artery perforation in 3 patients. One patient with severe cardiac insufficiency (left ventricular ejection fraction 15%) received mechanical circulatory assistance after the operation for 12 days. No death occurred in the early postoperative period, the average ICU stay time was 4.3±3.0 d, and the total hospital stay was 14.4±6.1 d. All the children received regular anticoagulation therapy for 3 months after discharge. The median follow-up time was 15 (13, 24) months. All patients received regular anticoagulation therapy for 3 months after discharge. No clinical symptoms such as chest pain and syncope occurred again. The cardiac function grade was significantly improved compared with that before operation. Imaging examination showed that the coronary artery blood flow on the operation side was unobstructed, and no restenosis occurred. Conclusion AAOCA is easy to induce myocardial ischemia and even sudden cardiac death. Once diagnosed, operation should be carried out as soon as possible. According to the anatomic characteristics of coronary artery, the early effect of individualized surgery is satisfactory, and the symptoms of the children are significantly improved and the cardiac function recovers well in the mid-term follow-up.

Short-term efficacy of surgical treatment for multiple pulmonary nodules: A retrospective study in a single center / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical diagnosis, surgical treatment and prognosis of multiple pulmonary nodules (MPNs). Methods The clinical data of lung cancer patients who received surgical treatment in our hospital from 2018 to 2020 were collected. The short-term efficacy of surgical treatment for MPNs was analyzed. Results A total of 97 patients were enrolled, including 30 males and 67 females with an average age of 56.1±10.0 years at onset ill. There were 62 patients with double lesions, 22 patients with three lesions, 4 patients with four lesions, and 9 patients with more than four lesions. A total of 213 lesions were surgically treated, including 88 pure ground-glass nodules, 81 partially solid nodules, and 7 solid nodules. There were 87 simultaneous surgeries and 10 staged surgeries, with an average operation interval of 5.2 months. The pathological combination type included adenocarcinoma-adenocarcinoma in 96 (99.0%) patients, squamous cell carcinoma-squamous cell carcinoma in 1 (1.0%) patient, and no lymph node metastasis was found. The 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 92.1%, and the overall survival (OS) rate was 100.0%. Univariate analysis showed that high-risk lesion size>2 cm (P=0.316), residual lesions (P=0.782) and pathological combination type (P=0.913) had statistical effect on the 2-year DFS rate. Conclusion MPNs are mainly diagnosed with multiple primary lung cancers, and the pathological combination is mostly adenocarcinoma-adenocarcinoma combination. Imaging examination is of great help to the surgical approach selection, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MPNs. During the operation, maximal preservation of lung function and complete resection of high-risk nodules should be taken as the principle, and the prognosis is satisfactory.

Progress in surgical treatment of congenital entropion / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Congenital entropion, an abnormal condition in which the eyelids roll inward, with the eyelashes losing their normal angulation and tilting toward the eye, especially in the lower eyelids and inner canthus, often occurs in infants and young children. Congenital entropion may lead to corneal epithelial abrasion, inflammation and ulcer, which may affect the function of the eye if not treated in time. Early surgical intervention is helpful to the health of children's eyes. The purpose of surgery is to change the structure of eyelid and weaken the force of entropion, thus improving the symptoms and corneal astigmatism. At present, there are many surgical treatments for congenital entropion. In this paper, the advantages, disadvantages and indications of these treatments are analyzed and summarized, providing a reference for clinical practice.

Advances in research on treatment of tympanosclerosis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Tympanosclerosis is the hyaline degeneration and calcium deposition of the lamina propria of tympanic membrane and the submucosa of middle ear under long-term chronic inflammatory stimulation. At present, treatment primarily involves the surgical removal of sclerotic foci and reconstruction of auditory ossicular chain. However, excision of sclerotic lesions near critical structures like the facial nerve canal and vestibular window may result in complications like facial paralysis, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss. Developing safer and more effective treatments for tympanosclerosis has become an international research focus. Recent years have seen novel explorations in the treatment of tympanosclerosis. Therefore, this article reviews the latest advancements in research on the treatment of tympanosclerosis.

Research progress on biomechanics for internal fixation in tibial plateau fracture / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To review the biomechanical research progress of internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture in recent years and provide a reference for the selection of internal fixation in clinic.@*METHODS@#The literature related to the biomechanical research of internal fixation of tibial plateau fracture at home and abroad was extensively reviewed, and the biomechanical characteristics of the internal fixation mode and position as well as the biomechanical characteristics of different internal fixators, such as screws, plates, and intramedullary nails were summarized and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Tibial plateau fracture is one of the common types of knee fractures. The conventional surgical treatment for tibial plateau fracture is open or closed reduction and internal fixation, which requires anatomical reduction and strong fixation. Anatomical reduction can restore the normal shape of the knee joint; strong fixation provides good biomechanical stability, so that the patient can have early functional exercise, restore knee mobility as early as possible, and avoid knee stiffness. Different internal fixators have their own biomechanical strengths and characteristics. The screw fixation has the advantage of being minimally invasive, but the fixation strength is limited, and it is mostly applied to Schatzker typeⅠfracture. For Schatzker Ⅰ-Ⅳ fracture, unilateral plate fixation can be used; for Schatzker Ⅴand Ⅵ fracture, bilateral plates fixation can be used to provide stronger fixation strength and avoid the stress concentration. The intramedullary nails fixation has the advantages of less trauma and less influence on the blood flow of the fracture end, but the fixation strength of the medial and lateral plateau is limited; so it is more suitable for tibial plateau fracture that involves only the metaphysis. Choosing the most appropriate internal fixation according to the patient's condition is still a major difficulty in the surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures.@*CONCLUSION@#Each internal fixator has good fixation effect on tibial plateau fracture within the applicable range, and it is an important research direction to improve and innovate the existing internal fixator from various aspects, such as manufacturing process, material, and morphology.

Microcirugía y estrategias adyuvantes en el tratamiento de los aneurismas intracraneales

Introducción: El riesgo del ser humano de padecer un aneurisma intracraneal se calcula entre 1-2 %, en el 80 % de los casos su forma de presentación es una hemorragia subaracnoidea. Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de diferentes maniobras adyuvantes para facilitar la micro disección y el presillamiento del cuello de los aneurismas intracraneales. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con todos los pacientes admitidos en el servicio de neurocirugía del Hospital "Roberto Rodríguez", en Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, que presentaron un diagnóstico de aneurisma intracraneal y que fueran intervenidos con técnica de microcirugía para su exclusión de la circulación, en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 1997 y diciembre del 2020. Resultados: 201 pacientes fueron intervenidos, 198 (98,51 %) con aneurismas de la circulación anterior y solo 3 (1,49 %), de la circulación posterior. En total fueron abordados 252 sacos, se utilizaron estrategias adyuvantes al procedimiento convencional para facilitar el acto del presillamiento aneurismático como lo fueron el drenaje espinal continuo, la ventriculostomìa al exterior para drenaje de LCR y monitorización continua de la PIC y de la presión de retracción cerebral, cierre temporal de la arteria madre, succión retrograda descompresión en los aneurismas gigantes. El 74,62 % de los casos se recuperaron sin ningún tipo de síntomas o secuelas y la mortalidad fue del 1,49 %. Discusión: La microcirugía resulta un procedimiento eficaz, con elevado nivel de eficiencia, para el tratamiento de los aneurismas intracraneales en nuestro medio. Las estrategias adyuvantes facilitan la relajación del parénquima, la disección y el presillamiento del cuello aneurismático.

Introduction: The human risk of suffering from an intracranial aneurysm is estimated between 1-2%, in 80% of cases its presentation is a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Objectives: To evaluate the usefulness of different adjunctive maneuvers to facilitate micro dissection and clamping of the neck of intracranial aneurysms. Method: We have carried out a descriptive study including all the patients admitted in the neurosurgery department of "Roberto Rodríguez" Hospital in Moron, Ciego de Avila, Cuba with the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms who were operated on through microsurgical cliping techniques in the period between january 1997 and december 2020. Results: 201 patients were operated on, 198 (98.51%) with aneurysms of the anterior circulation and only 3 (1.49%), of the posterior circulation. A total of 252 sacs were approached, adjuvant strategies to the conventional procedure were used to facilitate the act of aneurysmal clamping, such as continuous spinal drainage, ventriculostomy to the outside for CSF drainage and continuous monitoring of ICP and brain retraction pressure, temporary closure of the mother artery, retrograde suction decompression in giant aneurysms. 74.62% of the cases recovered without any type of symptoms or sequelae, and mortality was 1.49%. Discussion: Microsurgery is an effective procedure, with a high efficiency index, for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms in our environment. Adjunctive strategies facilitate parenchymal relaxation, dissection, and clamping of the aneurysmal neck.

La banda transobturadora en el tratamiento de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria / Transobturator tape in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence i: en

El tratamiento en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria es diferente del que se efectúa en los hombres. Al respecto, actualmente se emplean las técnicas de cinta vaginal libre de tensión y cinta transobturadora para levantar la vejiga o la uretra, o ambas, hacia la posición normal. El procedimiento quirúrgico con banda transobturadora de polipropileno de monofilamento trenzado figura entre las cirugías mayores ambulatorias y se muestra como un tratamiento eficaz y seguro, cuyos riesgos son mínimos. En este trabajo se comunican brevemente algunos aspectos sobre la incontinencia en féminas, su diagnóstico, prevención y factores de riesgo asociados, así como todo el proceso de aplicación de dicha técnica.

Treatment in women with urinary incontinence is different from that in men. In this regard, the techniques of tension-free vaginal tape and transobturator tape are currently used to lift the bladder or urethra, or both, back to the normal position. The surgical procedure with a monofilament braided polypropylene transobturator band is among the major outpatient surgeries and is shown to be an effective and safe treatment, with minimal risks. In this paper, some aspects of incontinence in women, its diagnosis, prevention and associated risk factors are briefly reported, as well as the entire process of applying this technique.

Manejo das disfunções temporomandibulares. Parte II: tratamento cirúrgico / Management of temporomandibular joint disorders. Part II: surgical treatment

Objetivo: Apresentar as modalidades de tratamentos cirúrgicas mais usadas disponíveis no arsenal terapêutico das desordens temporomandibulares (DTMs). Revisão da literatura: As DTMs são muito frequentes e são responsáveis ​​por dor e desconforto em um número importante de pacientes. A avaliação e o diagnóstico são as chaves para determinar um plano de manejo adequado dessas doenças. Embora o tratamento conservador seja bem-sucedido na maioria dos pacientes, os tratamentos cirúrgicos podem ser a única opção para aqueles que não respondem ao tratamento conservador ou para casos com indicação cirúrgica inicial como, por exemplo, algumas neoplasias articulares. Dentre as alternativas cirúrgicas, podemos citar a artrocentese, artroscopia, reposicionamento do disco articular por cirurgia aberta, discectomia e tratamentos cirúrgicos para hipermobilidade e anquilose da articulação temporomandibular. Considerações finais: A seleção adequada dos casos é requisito obrigatório para uma intervenção cirúrgica bem-sucedida, a fim de alcançar o resultado desejado do tratamento, como alívio dos sintomas e melhora da função.

Aim: To present the most commonly used surgical treatment modalities available in the therapeutic arsenal for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Literature review: TMD is very common and is responsible for pain and dysfunction in a significant number of patients. Assessment and diagnosis are key to determining a management plan for these diseases. Although conservative treatment is successful in most patients, surgical treatments may be the only option for those who do not respond to conservative treatment or for some cases with an initial surgical indication, such as some joint neoplasms. Surgical alternatives include arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, repositioning of the articular disc by open surgery, discectomy and surgical treatments for temporomandibular joint hypermobility and ankylosis. Conclusions: Proper case selection is the mandatory requirement for successful surgical intervention in order to achieve the desired treatment outcome, such as symptom relief and improved function.

Tratamiento quirúrgico del divertículo de Zenker; un caso clínico; Hospital Militar Central de La Paz (COSSMIL) gestión 2022 / Surgical treatment of Zenker's diverticulum, a Clinical Case Central Military Hospital of La Paz (COSSMIL) gestión 2022

Se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente de 66 años de edad masculino que acude a nuestro hospital (COOSMIL), después de hacer una anamnesis donde el paciente manifiestas molestias como tos, regurgitación y mal alientos (halitosis) y se le hace exámenes complementarios y se llega a un diagnóstico de divertículo faringo-esofágico o Zenker. Esta patología no es muy frecuente, pero se presenta en ancianos por una alteración anatomo-funcional que es un debilitamiento del músculo esofágico Hay tres divertículos esofágicos de los cuales el divertículo de Zenker es el más común aunque es relativamente raro que se presente, en la mayoría de las personas en edad seniles. Después de analizar el tamaño y forma del divertículo de este paciente se toma la decisión de una intervención quirúrgica el más acertado por el tamaño que mide es la diverticulectomia este tratamiento quirúrgico actualmente se continúa realizando en esta patología y con buen pronóstico de vida del paciente. Actualmente, el paciente se encuentra en buen estado salud y su recuperación es favorable desde la operación hasta el momento.

A case of a male patient of 66 years old was referred to our hospital (COSSMIL), after making an anamnesis in which the patient manifested cough, regurgitation and bad breath (halitosis). After further examination a the diagnosis is pharyngo-esophageal diverticulum or Zenker. This condition is rare, but sometimes it happens in elders due to an anatomical and functional alteration caused by is an esophagus muscle weakening. There are three esophageal diverticula in which the Zenker diverticulum is the most common but relatively rarely to occur in elder people. Before analyzing the size and shape of the diverticulum in this patient, the decision is proceed with surgery, the most recommended solution for measuring the size of the diverticulectomy. is The surgical treatment is still being applied in this pathology, with a high probability of success. Currently, the patient is in good health and the recovery from surgery is favorable so far.

Tratamiento con HeberFERON( en el carcinoma basal palpebral

El carcinoma basal palpebral representa un 90 % de los tumores malignos oculares con una alta morbilidad. Su incidencia tiene un comportamiento diferente en las distintas partes del mundo y, por lo general, aumenta con la edad. El diagnóstico positivo se realiza por la evaluación histológica de la muestra mediante biopsia escisional. El tratamiento ideal es el quirúrgico, aunque existen otras opciones de tratamiento. El no quirúrgico tiene como objetivo la eliminación del tumor, así como evitar las complicaciones o las secuelas funcionales y estéticas por la cirugía. Se reconocen numerosas opciones dentro de la modalidad terapéutica no quirúrgica; imiquimod, 5-fluorouracilo, inhibidores de la vía de Hedgehog y los interferones. Diversos estudios han demostrado la utilidad de los interferones en monoterapia o como terapia combinada, en pacientes no susceptibles de actuaciones quirúrgicas. Por esta razón, se decidió revisar la literatura científica actual sobre la eficacia y seguridad del HeberFERON® en el tratamiento del carcinoma basal palpebral. Se realizó una búsqueda actualizada teniendo en cuenta los descriptores correspondientes a las palabras clave relacionadas con la temática a investigar, en las bases de datos bibliográficas Medline (buscador PubMed), SciELO, Ebsco, Clinical Key y en Google Académico. Se recuperaron 35 artículos que su contenido respondía al tema de estudio.

Palpebral basal carcinoma represents 90% of ocular malignant tumors with high morbidity. Its incidence has a different behavior in different parts of the world and generally increases with age. Positive diagnosis is made by histological evaluation of the specimen by excisional biopsy. The ideal treatment is surgical, although other treatment options are available. Non-surgical treatment is aimed at eliminating the tumor, as well as avoiding the complications or functional and esthetic sequelae of surgery. Numerous options are recognized within the non-surgical therapeutic modality; imiquimod, 5-fluorouracil, Hedgehog pathway inhibitors and interferons. Several studies have demonstrated the usefulness of interferons in monotherapy or as combination therapy in patients not amenable to surgery. For this reason, it was decided to review the current scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of HeberFERON® in the treatment of palpebral basal cell carcinoma. An updated search was carried out taking into account the descriptors corresponding to the key words related to the subject under investigation, in the bibliographic databases Medline (PubMed search engine), SciELO, Ebsco, Clinical Key and Google Scholar. Thirty-five articles were retrieved whose content corresponded to the subject of the study.

Single versus double drainage in chronic subdural hematomas treated with burr-holes

Introduction: Chronic subdural hematoma is a frequent type of intracranial hemorrhage. Treatment for symptomatic cases is generally surgical. Burr-hole completion is the method of choice. Objective: To analyze the placement of a single versus double drain in patients with chronic subdural hematoma operated through burr-holes. Methods: An analytical correlational retrospective study was carried out in patients who underwent surgery for chronic subdural hematoma, between January 2018 and December 2020. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the number of drains used: double or single. The variables were: age, morbidities, preoperative Glasgow Score, hematoma characteristics (laterality, internal architecture, maximum diameter, and midline shift), complications, and hospital stay. The probability value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 99 patients in the study, 39 were older than 75 years. The most frequent pattern was B with 25 cases (25,3 %). The diameter of the chronic subdural hematoma was more than 20 mm in 61 cases, and in 32 cases the displacement of the midline structures was greater than 10 mm. The average hospital stays 5,8 days. The most frequent complication was nosocomial pneumonia with eleven cases (11,11 %). The double drainage group showed fewer complications at 30 days. Conclusions: The placement of double subdural drainage in patients with chronic subdural hematoma operated through single or double burr-holes, and is related to fewer complications than those with single drainage.

Introducción: El hematoma subdural crónico es un tipo frecuente de hemorragia intracraneal. El tratamiento de los casos sintomáticos es generalmente quirúrgico. La terminación con agujeros de trépano es el método de elección. Objetivo: Analizar la colocación de drenaje simple versus doble en pacientes con hematoma subdural crónico operados mediante trepanación. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo correlacional analítico en pacientes operados de hematoma subdural crónico, entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos según el número de drenajes utilizados: doble o simple. Las variables fueron: edad, morbilidades, puntaje de Glasgow preoperatorio, características del hematoma (lateralidad, arquitectura interna, diámetro máximo y desviación de la línea media), complicaciones y estancia hospitalaria. El valor de probabilidad < 0,05 se consideró estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: De los 99 pacientes del estudio, 39 eran mayores de 75 años. El patrón más frecuente fue el B con 25 casos (25,3 %). El diámetro del hematoma subdural crónico fue mayor de 20 mm en 61 casos, y en 32 casos el desplazamiento de las estructuras de la línea media fue mayor de 10 mm. La estancia hospitalaria media fue de 5,8 días. La complicación más frecuente fue la neumonía nosocomial con once casos (11,11 %). El grupo de doble drenaje presentó menos complicaciones a los 30 días. Conclusiones: La colocación de drenaje subdural doble en pacientes con hematoma subdural crónico operados mediante trepanación simple o doble, se relaciona con menos complicaciones que aquellos con drenaje simple.

Modificación de instrumento del sistema de clavos dinamic hip screw para fracturas de cadera

Introducción: El aumento de la fractura de cadera durante los últimos años se ha convertido en un problema socioeconómico y sanitario a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Modificar cuatro instrumentos del sistema de clavos dinamic hip screw para su uso en la instalación hospitalaria. Métodos: Se trabajó junto con electromedicina provincial para efectuar la innovación tecnológica. Se modificaron cuatro instrumentos del sistema de clavos dinamic hip screw para operar pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de fracturas de cadera en enero 2020. Resultados: Se elaboraron los siguientes instrumentos: soporta clavo tipo a, soporta clavo tipo b, "macho" para hacer rosca y atornillador para ajustar el medidor del fresador del cuello. Conclusiones: Las modificaciones a los cuatro instrumentos del sistema de clavos dinamic hip screw significaron un importante ahorro de recursos para la institución hospitalaria.

Introduction: The increase in hip fracture in recent years makes it a worldwide socio-economic and health problem. Objective: To modify four instruments of the dynamic hip screw nail system for its use in a hospital facility. Methods: The work was implemented together with the provincial electromedicine unit in order to carry out technological innovations. Four instruments of the dynamic hip screw nail system were modified to operate adult patients with a diagnosis of hip fractures. Results: The following instruments were developed: supports nail type a, supports nail type b, "male" to make screw thread and screwdriver to adjust the milling maching meter of the neck. Conclusions: The modifications to the four instruments of the dynamic hip screw nail system meant a significant saving of resources for the hospital.

TO DETERMINE EFFECTIVENESS OF SURGICAL RELEASE IN MANAGEMENT OF DE QUERVAIN'S TENOSYNOVITIS

Introduction: De Quervain tenosynovitis is first described by Fritz de Quervain, in 1895. It involves tendon entrapment of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist and thickening of the tendon sheaths of first dorsal compartment the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis, where the tendons pass through the fibro-osseous tunnel located along the radial styloid at the distal wrist. Pain is exacerbated by thumb movement and radial or ulnar deviation of the wrist. The prevalence of de Quervain tenosynovitis is about 0.5% in men and 1.3% in women with peak prevalence in their fourth and fifth decades of life respectively. The present Materials and Methods: study was a prospective study. This Study was conducted from December 2021 to December 2022 at Department of Rampurhat Government Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. In the total of 20 patients Result: were included, out of which 16 patients are female and 4 patients are male. Surgical release has excellent outcome; splinti Conclusion: ng and local steroid injection can be an alternative treatment option for DQ disease especially in patients with low grade disease.

Isquemia arterial aguda trombótica de los miembros inferiores / Acute thrombotic arterial ischemia of the lower limbs

Introducción: La enfermedad arterial periférica es una de las afecciones más prevalentes. Resulta habitual su coexistencia con la enfermedad vascular en otras localizaciones. El diagnóstico precoz tiene importancia para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y reducir el riesgo de eventos secundarios mayores, como el infarto agudo de miocardio o el ictus. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la isquemia arterial aguda trombótica en miembros inferiores en pacientes que ingresaron en el Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, con el fin de determinar factores pronósticos en la evolución final del tratamiento quirúrgico de la isquemia arterial aguda trombótica en miembros inferiores, en pacientes que ingresaron en los servicios de Arteriología y Angiopatía Diabética del Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular durante un período de cuatro años. Resultados: El grupo de edades más afectado estuvo entre 40 y 59 años, con un predomino del sexo masculino. El hábito de fumar fue el factor de riesgo vascular más frecuente; y la amputación mayor, el procedimiento quirúrgico más empleado, por lo que el patrón oclusivo femoropoplíteo resultó el más prevalente. Conclusiones: Predominaron el sexo masculino, el hábito de fumar, la amputación mayor y el patrón oclusivo femoropoplíteo(AU)

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease is one of the most prevalent conditions. Its coexistence with vascular disease in other locations is common. Early diagnosis is important to improve the patient's quality of life and reduce the risk of major secondary events, such as acute myocardial infarction or stroke. Objective: To characterize the behavior of acute thrombotic arterial ischemia in lower limbs in patients admitted to the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery. Methods: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in order to determine prognostic factors in the final evolution of surgical treatment of acute thrombotic arterial ischemia in the lower limbs in patients admitted to the Arteriology and Diabetic Angiopathy services of the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery for a period of four years. Results: The most affected age group was the one of 40 to 59 years, with a predominance of males. Smoking was the most frequent vascular risk factor; and major amputation, the most used surgical procedure, so the femoropopliteal occlusive pattern was the most prevalent. Conclusions: Male sex, smoking habit, major amputation and femoropopliteal occlusive pattern predominated(AU)

Evaluación del tratamiento quirúrgico en las fracturas de la pared posterior del acetábulo

Introducción: Las fracturas del acetábulo constituyen una afección traumática frecuente en el servicio de urgencia. Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución de los pacientes con fracturas de la pared posterior del acetábulo después del manejo quirúrgico. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental en 32 pacientes con fracturas de la pared posterior del acetábulo, intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital "Calixto García". Se utilizaron métodos de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: Predominaron el grupo de 40 a 49 años, el sexo masculino, la fractura tipo ii y, en la etiología, el accidente de tránsito. La técnica de osteosíntesis con placa de reconstrucción más tornillos interfragmentarios se utilizó en la mayoría de los casos. La principal complicación fue la infección de la herida quirúrgica. El 81,2 % de los pacientes evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Conclusiones: Después del tratamiento quirúrgico, las fracturas de la pared posterior del acetábulo evolucionan de forma satisfactoria. La técnica de osteosíntesis con placa de reconstrucción más tornillos interfragmentarios mostró mejores resultados que la de tornillos interfragmentarios solamente.

Introduction: Fractures of the acetabulum are a frequent traumatic condition in the emergency service. Objective: To evaluate the evolution of patients with fractures of the posterior wall of the acetabulum after surgical management. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 32 patients with fractures of the posterior wall of the acetabulum, whom were surgically operated in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of "Calixto García" Hospital. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Results: The group of 40 to 49 years, the male sex, the type II fracture and, in the etiology, traffic accidents predominated. The osteosynthesis technique with reconstruction plate plus interfragmentary screws was used in most cases. The main complication was surgical wound infection. 81.2 % of patients progressed satisfactorily. Conclusions: After surgical treatment, fractures of the posterior wall of the acetabulum evolve satisfactorily. The osteosynthesis technique with reconstruction plate plus interfragmentary screws showed better results than that of interfragmentary screws alone.

Fractura de astrágalo asociado a fractura del cuboides en un niño de 9 años: reporte de caso / Talar fracture associated with cuboid fracture in a 9-year-old boy: case report / Fratura do tálus associada à fratura do cubóide em menino de 9 anos: relato de caso

Introducción: El astrágalo tiene una anatomía única y juega un papel fundamental en la función del tobillo y pie. Las fracturas de astrágalo se consideran una urgencia ortopédica especialmente las fracturas de cuello desplazadas, debido al alto riesgo de necrosis avascular. Sin embargo, estas son raras en los niños con una prevalencia estimada del 0,008% de todas las fracturas pediátricas. Las fracturas del cuello del astrágalo se asocian con una alta tasa de complicaciones, entre las más importantes se destacan la artrosis postraumática y la necrosis avascular. Éstas están relacionadas principalmente con el grado de desplazamiento inicial del cuello del astrágalo y la incidencia puede ser del 100%. Objetivos: Los objetivos del presente trabajo son demostrar la evolución de un paciente con una patología poco frecuente, con una asociación lesional no reportada hasta el momento y realizar una revisión bibliográfica del tema. Material y métodos: Se evaluó de forma retrospectiva un paciente de sexo masculino de 9 años con una luxo-fractura de cuello de astrágalo de pie izquierdo asociado a una fractura de cuboides. Se evaluaron los resultados clínicos radiológicos y funcionales luego de 3 años de evolución. Resultados: En nuestro caso se realizó reducción abierta y fijación percutánea. Se logró una excelente consolidación ósea sin complicaciones y con buena funcionalidad del tobillo luego de 3 años de seguimiento. Se realizó la escala AOFAS obteniendo una puntuación de 93/100. No presentó limitaciones en cuanto al dolor, con un total de 40 puntos, no mostró limitaciones en cuanto a la función, con un total de 45 puntos. Observamos una leve desaxación en valgo del retropie, asintomático, con un total de 8 puntos. Conclusiones: Las fracturas del astrágalo son raras en la población pediátrica pero pueden ocasionar complicaciones graves. En nuestro caso observamos una fractura grave, con una asociación lesional no descrita hasta el momento, que presentó muy buena evolución, con una consolidación ósea, sin complicaciones y con buen resultado funcional a los 3 años de la cirugía. Al tratarse de una patología muy poco frecuente y rara, la bibliografía revisada es en general de baja evidencia científica y se basa en su mayoría en reporte de casos clínicos, excepto una revisión sistemática con bajo numero de pacientes.

Introduction: The talus has a unique anatomy and plays a fundamental role in the function of the ankle and foot. Talar fractures are considered an orthopedic emergency, especially displaced neck fractures, due to the high risk of avascular necrosis. However, these are rare in children with an estimated prevalence of 0.008% of all pediatric fractures. Talar neck fractures are associated with a high rate of complications, the most important of which include post-traumatic osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. These are mainly related to the degree of initial displacement of the talar neck and the incidence can be 100%. Objectives: The objectives of this work are to demonstrate the evolution of a patient with a rare pathology, with an injury association not reported so far and to carry out a bibliographic review of the topic. Material and methods: A 9-year-old male patient with a talar neck fracture dislocation of the left foot associated with a cuboid fracture was retrospectively evaluated. Clinical, radiological and functional results were evaluated after 3 years of evolution. Results: In our case, open reduction and percutaneous fixation were performed. Excellent bone union was achieved without complications and with good ankle functionality after 3 years of follow-up. The AOFAS scale was performed, obtaining a score of 93/100. It did not present limitations in terms of pain, with a total of 40 points, it did not show limitations in terms of function, with a total of 45 points. We observed a slight valgus dexation of the hindfoot, asymptomatic, with a total of 8 points. Conclusions: Talar fractures are rare in the pediatric population but can cause serious complications. In our case we observed a serious fracture, with an injury association not described until now, which presented a very good evolution, with bone consolidation, without complications and with good functional result 3 years after surgery. As it is a very infrequent and rare pathology, the literature reviewed is generally of low scientific evidence and is based mostly on clinical case reports, except for a systematic review with a low number of patients.

Introdução: O tálus possui anatomia única e desempenha papel fundamental na função do tornozelo e do pé. As fraturas do tálus são consideradas uma emergência ortopédica, principalmente as fraturas deslocadas do colo, devido ao alto risco de necrose avascular. No entanto, estas são raras em crianças, com uma prevalência estimada de 0,008% de todas as fraturas pediátricas. As fraturas do colo do tálus estão associadas a uma alta taxa de complicações, sendo as mais importantes a osteoartrite pós-traumática e a necrose avascular. Estas estão relacionadas principalmente ao grau de deslocamento inicial do colo do tálus e a incidência pode ser de 100%. Objetivos: Os objetivos deste trabalho são demonstrar a evolução de um paciente com patologia rara, com associação de lesão até o momento não relatada e realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema. Material e métodos: Foi avaliado retrospectivamente um paciente do sexo masculino, 9 anos de idade, com fratura luxação do colo do tálus do pé esquerdo associada a fratura do cuboide. Os resultados clínicos, radiológicos e funcionais foram avaliados após 3 anos de evolução. Resultados: No nosso caso foi realizada redução aberta e fixação percutânea. Excelente consolidação óssea foi alcançada sem complicações e com boa funcionalidade do tornozelo após 3 anos de acompanhamento. Foi realizada a escala AOFAS, obtendo pontuação de 93/100. Não apresentou limitações em termos de dor, com um total de 40 pontos, não apresentou limitações em termos de função, com um total de 45 pontos. Observamos leve dexação em valgo do retropé, assintomática, com total de 8 pontos. Conclusões: As fraturas do tálus são raras na população pediátrica, mas podem causar complicações graves. No nosso caso observamos uma fratura grave, com associação de lesão até então não descrita, que apresentou evolução muito boa, com consolidação óssea, sem complicações e com bom resultado funcional 3 anos após a cirurgia. Por se tratar de uma patologia muito pouco frequente e rara, a literatura revista é geralmente de baixa evidência científica e baseia-se maioritariamente em relatos de casos clínicos, exceto uma revisão sistemática com um número reduzido de doentes.

Apendicetomía electiva: caso clínico y revisión de la bibliografía / Elective appendectomy: clinical case and literature review / Apendectomia eletiva: caso clínico e revisão da literatura

Las masas inflamatorias de origen apendicular son cuadros de presentación poco frecuente, el 3 % de las apendicitis agudas. Su manejo terapéutico puede ser sistematizado en cirugía de inicio o tratamiento conservador. Este último consiste en antibioticoterapia exclusiva, o asociada al drenaje percutáneo. Es una alternativa frente a emprender una apendicectomía demandante, con riesgo de no identificar el apéndice cecal, lesión visceral y necesidad de conversión o resecciones extendidas. Sin embargo, en estos pacientes, la ausencia de la confirmación diagnóstica anatomo-patológica obliga a un seguimiento protocolizado a fin de descartar diagnósticos diferenciales de mayor relevancia pronóstica. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de un paciente en el que se realizó manejo conservador y apendicetomía electiva. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las pautas de seguimiento e indicación de la apendicectomía electiva. Discusión y conclusiones: Las masas inflamatorias de origen apendicular representan un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico, requiriendo un manejo y seguimiento específico. La indicación de apendicectomía electiva es controversial, es planteable frente a la persistencia de imágenes patológicas y dudas diagnósticas, o en pacientes con apendicitis recurrentes.

Inflammatory masses of appendiceal origin are infrequent; represent 3 % of acute appendicitis. Its therapeutic management can be systematized in initial surgery or conservative treatment. The latter consists of exclusive antibiotic therapy, or associated with percutaneous drainage. it is an alternative to undertaking a demanding appendectomy, with the risk of not identifying the cecal appendix, visceral injury, and the need for conversion or extended resections. However, the absence of pathological diagnostic confirmation requires protocolized follow-up in order to rule out differential diagnoses of greater prognostic relevance. Objective: present the case of a patient who underwent conservative management and elective appendectomy. a bibliographic review was carried out in the databases: pubmed, cochrane library, scielo and lilacs. Discussion and conclusions: inflammatory masses of appendiceal origin represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, requiring specific management and follow-up. The indication for elective appendectomy is controversial, it is considered in the presence of persistent pathological images and diagnostic doubts, or in patients with recurrent appendicitis.

Massas inflamatórias de origem apendicular são quadros de apresentação pouco frequentes, 3 % de as apendicites agudas. seu manejo terapêutico pode ser sistematizado em cirurgia inicial ou tratamento conservador. esta última consiste na antibioticoterapia exclusiva, ou associada à drenagem percutânea. é uma alternativa à realização de uma apendicectomia exigente, com risco de não identificação do apêndice cecal, lesão visceral e necessidade de conversão ou ressecções extensas. no entanto, nesses pacientes, a ausência de confirmação diagnóstica patológica requer acompanhamento protocolarizado para afastar diagnósticos diferenciais de maior relevância prognóstica. Objetivo: apresentar o caso de um paciente submetido a tratamento conservador e apendicectomia eletiva. foi realizada revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados: pubmed, biblioteca cochrane, scielo e lilacs. Discussão e conclusões: as massas inflamatórias de origem apendicular representam um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico, exigindo manejo e seguimento específicos. a indicação de apendicectomia eletiva é controversa, sendo considerada na presença de imagens patológicas persistentes e dúvidas diagnósticas, ou em pacientes com apendicite recorrente.

Tuberculosis pericárdica de evolución inusual en paciente inmunocompetente / Unusual evolution pericardial tuberculosis in immunocompetent patient

La tuberculosis pericárdica es una manifestación poco frecuente de la tuberculosis extrapulmonar. Se presenta de manera insidiosa e inespecífica, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico, retrasa el tratamiento, y lleva a complicaciones graves, como el derrame pericárdico con signos de taponamiento cardíaco o pericarditis constrictiva. Se describe el caso de una paciente femenina de 18 años, embarazada, con antecedente de contacto estrecho con familiar con tuberculosis pulmonar, que consultó al servicio de urgencias por disnea. Entre los estudios solicitados, el ecocardiograma evidenció la presencia de un derrame pericárdico con compresión de cavidades, por lo que requirió pericardiocentesis. El cultivo del líquido pericárdico informó Mycobacterium tuberculosis y se inició trata miento antituberculosis y corticoides. Evolucionó con recurrencia del derrame a pesar de tratamiento médico adecuado y realización de ventana pericárdica.

Pericardial tuberculosis (TBP) is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). It presents insidiously and nonspecifically, making diagnosis difficult and delaying treatment, leading to serious complications such as pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade or constrictive pericarditis. The case of an 18-year-old female patient, pregnant, with a history of close contact with a relative with pulmonary TB is described; she consulted the Emergency Service for dyspnea. Among the studies requested, the echocardiogram showed pericardial effusion with compression of cavities, requiring pericardiocentesis. Pericardial fluid culture revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis and antituberculous treat ment plus corticosteroids were started. It evolved with a recurrence of effusion despite adequate medical treatment and the performance of a pericardial window.