Association of different components and combinations of metabolic syndrome with hyperuricemia in community residents / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between different components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and their combinations with hyperuricemia (HUA) in community residents.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to November 2020 among 10% residents aged 18 and above selected by cluster sampling method from Nanzhai Community of Taiyuan City. According to serum uric acid levels, the selected individuals were divided into HUA group and non HUA group. The general clinical data of the selected subjects was collected, and routine physical examination and laboratory tests were performed. The serum uric acid levels were detected in fasting blood samples. The association of 5 components (hypertension, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)) of MS and their combinations with HUA was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.Results:A total of 2 167 community residents were included in the survey, there were 385 cases of HUA with the age of (49.1±15.8) years old, and 297 males (77.1%); 1 782 subjects without HUA and with the age of (48.2±16.2) years old, and 695 males (39.0%). Compared with the non HUA group, the HUA group had a higher proportion of males, smoking, alcohol consumption, and gout attacks, higher abdominal circumference and body mass index (all P<0.05). The proportion of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and abdominal obesity of MS patients in the HUA group was higher, while the proportion of low HDL-C syndrome was lower (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the proportion of hyperglycemia between the two groups ( P>0.05). After adjusting for smoking, drinking alcohol, taking antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that except for hyperglycemia, all other components of MS were independently associated with HUA. low HDL-C was negatively associated with HUA ( OR=0.408, 95% CI: 0.231-0.721, P=0.002), and high TG was strongly associated with HUA ( OR=1.834, 95% CI: 1.339-2.513, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also showed that 9 out of 31 combinations of MS components were associated with HUA (all P<0.05), and abdominal obesity+hypertriglyceridemia had the strongest association with HUA ( OR=4.379, 95% CI: 2.184-8.780, P<0.001). Conclusion:Except hyperglycemia, all components of MS and their combinations are significantly associated with HUA, the association between hyper-TG and HUA is the strongest one.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome with its components among children aged 6-14 years in Beijing City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among children aged 6-14 years in Beijing, so as to provide a reference for preventing MetS.@*Methods@#A cross sectional study was carried out in 2 086 records of 1 832 children from the 2017 and 2019 Nutrition and Health Surveillance in Primary and Secondary school students of Beijing (NHSPSB). Three day consecutive 24 hour dietary recalls combined with weighing household cooking oils and condiments were used to collect dietary intake and calculate DII. MetS was diagnosed according to "Definition and Suggestion on the Metabolic Syndrome of Chinese Children and Adolescent". The Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) models were used to analyze the association between DII and the presence of MetS and its components (abdominal obesity, high triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, and hyperglycemia).@*Results@#The mean DII score was (1.64±1.07) for the included children. No significant association was found between DII scores and the likelihood of MetS (per 1 point increment: OR =1.16, 95% CI =0.92-1.48, P >0.05). In terms of the components of MetS, DII scores were positively associated with the odds of high triglyceride (per 1 point increment: OR =1.17, 95% CI =1.01-1.36, P <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the association among different age groups ( P >0.05). No significant associations were observed between DII and other MetS components( P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#DII scores may not be correlated with the risk of MetS, but proinflammatory diet might increase the risk of high triglyceride. DII score in childhood should be emphasized to identify and prevent MetS as soon as possible.

Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome: A Single Centre Study

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women. Women with PCOS have androgen excess as a defining feature. They also have increased insulin resistance and obesity, which are also risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, published data regarding PCOS as independent risk factor for NAFLD remain controversial. To determine the prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS, and to verify if there is a correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in this population.Material & Methods:The prospective study was developed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and MS in adult women with PCOS. Patients were admitted to the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes (BIRDEM), Dhaka, Bangladesh which treats patients with Diabetes Mellitus from all over the country Bangladesh. The study sessions were conducted from January 2020 to December 2020.Results:A total 213 patients were included and analyzed into two groups. Of these, 153 were diagnosed with PCOS, and 60 had other diagnoses. In the PCOS group, 36 (23.53%) patients had NAFLD, and 117 (76.47%) patients did not have NAFLD. From the control group, only two patients had NAFLD, and NAFLD was absent in 58 (96.67%) patients. In the control group, we found 16 (26.67%) patients with metabolic syndrome (NCEP/ATP III criteria) and 44 (73.33%) patients without metabolic syndrome (NCEP/ATP III criteria). From another perspective, describes the PCOS group, there are 68(44.44%) patients with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria) and 85 (55.56%) patients without metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria). In the control group, we found 22 (36.67%) patients with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria) and 38 (63.33%) patients without metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria).Conclusions:The mechanism of development of NAFLD in PCOS women is not fully known. Besides the progress in the diagnosis of NAFLD in PCOS, there is a lack of knowledge about mechanisms that lead to the development of NAFLD in PCOS. Future studies which would integrate epidemiological, clinical, and molecular investigations about NAFLD in PCOS will have a key role in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of NAFLD in PCOS.

The serum metabolomic profile in elderly overweight patients with metabolic syndrome / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To examine differences in metabolic characteristics and metabolites between elderly overweight patients with metabolic syndrome and healthy elderly people, and to identify related factors.Methods:A group of 36 MS patients(the MS group)admitted to The Fourth Central Hospital of Tianjin from April to August 2018 and 43 elderly people(the control group)who underwent physical examination during the same period were included in this prospective study.Serum samples of the patients with metabolic syndrome and elderly healthy controls were collected, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)based non-targeted metabolomics was used to search for differences in metabolites between the serum samples of the two groups.The Pearson correlation statistical method was used to find related clinical factors.Results:Comparison of baseline data of the enrolled participants showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in body mass index[(26.9±2.0)kg/m 2vs.(21.7±1.4)kg/m 2], waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol( P<0.01). Metabolomics results showed that there were differences in 65 serum metabolites between elderly overweight patients with metabolic syndrome and elderly normal controls, and these differences were enriched in 21 pathways.Correlation analysis showed that waist circumference had the largest number of differential metabolites, followed by body mass index.The major differential metabolites were monosaccharides such as mannose, lyxose and glucose, linolenic acid and its derivatives, and pyroglutamate. Conclusions:Compared with normal elderly people, elderly patients with overweight metabolic syndrome have a variety of differential metabolites, and these metabolites are highly correlated with clinical indicators related to overweight, such as body mass index and waist circumference, and they include monosaccharides, linolenic acid derivatives and amino acids.

Analysis of the correlation between serum uric acid levels and thyroid hormones among hospitalized elderly gout patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum uric acid levels and thyroid hormones in hospitalized elderly gout patients.Methods:A total of 646 hospitalized gout patients, including 616 males and 30 females, aged(68.8±5.1)years, who were hospitalized at the Department of Gout, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital from April 2014 to December 2019, were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical information was collected and relevant biochemical tests were conducted.Serum uric acid (SUA)levels were divided into quartiles and their associations with thyroid hormone levels were analyzed.Results:With the increase of SUA, body mass index, the prevalence of obesity, the prevalence of dyslipidemia, and the prevalence of fatty liver, the number of involved joints, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and homeostasis model assessment trended upward significantly( P<0.05); FUA showed a downward trend( F=9.42, P>0.05). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in older patients was 11.3%(73 cases). With the increase of SUA, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and free triiodothyronine levels showed an upward trend, whereas free thyroxine levels showed a downward trend( P<0.01). Conclusions:In elderly gout patients, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism increases with SUA levels.Hyperuricemia and multiple metabolic disorders are independent risk factors for subclinical hypothyroidism in these patients.

Association between gallstones and metabolic syndrome in southern Xinjiang, China / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the association between gallstones (GS) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in southern Xinjiang, China, and to provide experience for the prevention and control of metabolic diseases in southern Xinjiang. Methods The patients with GS who visited First Division Hospital, Second Division Korla Hospital, and Third Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from March 2015 to March 2019 were enrolled as case group, and cluster sampling was used to select the individuals who underwent physical examination in Third Division 51st Regiment Hospital during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1140 cases were enrolled in each group after 1∶ 1 matching based on age and sex. The t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; a logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for GS. Dummy variables were included by logistic regression to evaluate multiplicative interaction between MS components, and the parameter estimate and covariance matrix of the logistic regression model and interaction calculation table were used to calculate and evaluate additive interaction between MS components. Results The risk of GS in MS patients was 2.33 times that in non-MS patients (odds ratio [ OR ]=2.33, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.86-2.92). In addition, the components of MS also increased the risk of GS, including blood glucose ( OR =2.94, 95% CI : 2.36-3.68), blood pressure ( OR =1.50, 95% CI : 1.26-1.80), blood lipids ( OR =1.48, 95% CI : 1.25-1.75), and body mass index ( OR =1.44, 95% CI : 1.21-1.70). After adjustment for multiple factors, the risk of GS gradually increased with the increase in the number of metabolic abnormalities, i.e., one abnormality ( OR =1.55, 95% CI : 1.22-1.99), two abnormalities ( OR =2.13, 95% CI : 1.66-2.72), three abnormalities ( OR =3.48, 95% CI : 2.59-4.69), and four abnormalities ( OR =4.65, 95% CI : 2.79-7.84). No additive or multiplicative interaction was found between MS components. Conclusion GS is closely associated with MS in southern Xinjiang, and the risk of GS gradually increases with the increase in MS components. No additive or multiplicative interaction is found between GS and MS components.

Síndrome metabólica em idosos de um aglomerado urbano subnormal: prevalência e fatores associados / Metabolic syndrome in older adults living in a subnormal urban cluster: Prevalence and associated factors

Resumo Introdução A síndrome metabólica (SM) é o agrupamento de fatores de risco associados à adiposidade central e à resistência à insulina. Objetivo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a prevalência da SM e os fatores associados em idosos de uma comunidade do município de Recife, Pernambuco. Método Estudo transversal com 166 idosos de ambos os sexos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, residentes na Comunidade dos Coelhos, no município de Recife. Para o diagnóstico da SM, foi utilizado o critério do NCEP-ATPIII. A análise dos dados foi efetuada com a utilização do programa estatístico SPSS para Windows, versão 13.1. Na comparação entre proporções, foram utilizados o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson e o teste exato de Fischer. A razão de prevalência foi utilizada como medida de efeito considerando a SM como variável dependente. Resultados A prevalência de SM encontrada foi de 38,3%. Os fatores associados à SM após ajustes foram: a idade, na faixa etária 60-69 anos (44,4%, p = 0,047), o sexo feminino (43,1%, p = 0,056) e o excesso de peso (57,3%, p < 0,001). Conclusão A SM apresentou uma alta prevalência na população idosa avaliada, sendo associada às características demográficas e ao estado nutricional.

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of risk factors associated with central adiposity and insulin resistance. Objective This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of MS and associated factors in older adults living in a subnormal urban cluster located in the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with 166 older adults of both sexes aged ≥60 years residing in the Coelhos Community in Recife. MS was diagnosed through the NCEP/ATP III criteria. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 13.1 statistical software. The Pearson's chi-squared test and the Fisher's exact test were used to compare the proportions. Prevalence ratio was used as an effect measure considering MS as dependent variable. Results Prevalence of MS was 38.3%. The factors associated with MS after adjustments were being 60-69 years old (44.4%, p=0.047), female (43.1%, p=0.056), and overweight (57.3%, p<0.001). Conclusion High prevalence of MS was observed in the older population evaluated, being associated with demographic characteristics and nutritional status. The group of older adults assessed should be provided with nutritional education and motivation to the practice of physical activities.

Bases conceptuales de la cirugía metabólica / Conceptual Bases of Metabolic Surgery

Resumen: El término de síndrome metabólico (SM) se ha utilizado desde su definición en el año 2001 por el programa nacional del colesterol (NCEP: ATP III). El concepto ha sido discutido en la literatura científica por décadas. El síndrome X y otros términos como "el cuarteto de la muerte" y el síndrome de resistencia a la insulina, han sido utilizados para describir la asociación entre factores de riesgo metabólico y cardiovascular. En México, la prevalencia de SM en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT) fue de un 34% para el año 2000; y para el 2012, del 41%. Las modificaciones del estilo de vida junto con aumento en la actividad física, dejar de fumar y limitar el consumo de alcohol son primordiales para el manejo y la prevención debido a que juegan un rol central en las anormalidades metabólicas. Sin embargo, a pesar del impresionante armamento de medicamentos disponible para la diabetes, se ha descrito que hasta el 50% de los pacientes no alcanzan las metas adecuadas de control, definidas por la Asociación Americana de Diabetes (hemoglobina glucosilada <7%). En contraste, la cirugía bariátrica (CB) ha confirmado claramente que contribuye a mejorar la función de las células beta en pacientes con índice de masa corporal (IMC) >35 kg/m2, así como el control de la dislipidemia y otras alteraciones metabólicas.

Abstract: The term Metabolic Syndrome (MS) has been used since its introduction in 2001 by the National Cholesterol Program (NCEP: ATP III). The concept has been discussed in the scientific literature for decades. The X Syndrome and other terms such as "death quartet" and insulin resistance syndrome have been used to describe the association between metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. In Mexico, the prevalence of MS in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, ENSANUT) was 34% in 2000 and 41% in 2012. Lifestyle modifications along with increased physical activity, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption are essential for management and prevention because they play a central role in metabolic abnormalities. However, despite the large amount of medications available for diabetes, up to 50% of patients have been reported to fail to achieve adequate control goals, as defined by the American Diabetes Association (glycosylated hemoglobin <7%). In contrast, bariatric surgery (BS) has clearly confirmed that it contributes to improved beta cell function in patients with BMI >35 kg / m2, as well as control of dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders.

Metabolic syndrome and skin diseases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of clinical symptoms characterized by multiple concurrent metabolic disorders, and is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in individuals. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, and may be associated with insulin resistance, chronic inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. Studies have shown that MS is closely related to papulosquamous skin diseases, skin adnexal diseases, dermatitis and eczematous skin diseases, pigmentary skin disorders and so on. This review summarizes the relationship between MS and related skin diseases.

Research advances in extrahepatic diseases associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide and covers a series of pathological manifestations from hepatic steatosis to inflammation, fibrosis, and even liver cirrhosis. NAFLD is associated with a wide range of extrahepatic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, endocrine diseases, obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, psoriasis, and skeleton-muscle diseases. The major causes of death in patients with NAFLD include cardiovascular disease, malignancies, and liver-related complications, suggesting that extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD should be taken seriously by clinicians. This article reviews the research advances in extrahepatic diseases associated with NAFLD, so as to provide ideas for clinical assessment and treatment.

Current status and perspectives of fibroblast growth factor 21 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a peptide hormone predominantly secreted by the liver and plays a crucial role in maintaining whole-body energy metabolism and regulating insulin sensitivity. A large number of clinical studies have demonstrated that serum FGF21 levels are increased in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and high circulating FGF21 is a sensitive biomarker for predicting the onset and progression of NAFLD. Injection of exogenous FGF21 can effectively alleviate pathological process in both animal models and NAFLD patients. This review aims to describe the molecular mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effects of FGF21; to summarize the current data and challenges of the clinical trials on FGF21 analogs and receptor agonists in the treatment of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); and to speculate the future directions of FGF21 as a diagnosis and treatment for NAFLD.

Síndrome Metabólico en tres casas de abuelos del Municipio Boyeros. La Habana. 2016-2017 / Metabolic Syndrome in three elderly homes in Boyeros Municipality. Havana. 2016-2017

RESUMEN Introducción: El Síndrome Metabólico triplica el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular. Se asocia a la obesidad y a estilos de vida poco saludables. Constituye uno de los principales factores de riesgo aterogénico por lo que es imprescindible su diagnóstico precoz a nivel de la atención primaria de salud. Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento del Síndrome Metabólico en personas mayores de 60 años de las tres casas de abuelos del municipio Boyeros. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. El universo de estudio lo constituyeron 130 personas, de ellas se entrevistaron a 103 de las personas en el período de enero de 2016 a febrero de 2017. Se siguieron los criterios del Adult Treatment Panel III para el diagnóstico de Síndrome Metabólico. Las variables descriptivas se expresaron en por cientos y para la comparación de variables en estudio se utilizó el método estadístico de chi cuadrado. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos mostraron 33,01 por ciento de pacientes con Síndrome Metabólico, predominó el grupo de edad de 60 a 64 años con 44,12 por ciento y el sexo femenino con 64,71 por ciento. El 97,06 por ciento tienen cifras de presión arterial ≥ 130/85 mmHg. El 100 por ciento de los pacientes desconocían su enfermedad. Conclusiones: Se encontró predominio en los pacientes con Síndrome Metabólico del sexo femenino y del grupo de edad de 60 a 64 años. El diagnóstico a nivel de la Atención Primaria de Salud es deficiente. Se asocia a la obesidad abdominal y al riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular(A)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome triples the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is associated with obesity and unhealthy lifestyles. This syndrome is one of the main atherogenic risk factors; consequently, its early diagnosis at the primary health care level is essential. Objective: To deterine the manifestations of the Metabolic Syndrome in people over 60 years of age in three elderly homes in Boyeros Municipality. Material and Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was carried out. The study universe consisted of 130 people, 103 of whom were interviewed during the period between January 2016 and February 2017.The criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel III were followed for the diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome. Descriptive variables were expressed in percentages and the chi-square statistic was used to compare the study variables. Results: The results obtained showed that 33.01 percent of patients were suffering from Metabolic Syndrome, predominating the people aged 60 to 64 years (44.12 percent) and the female sex (64.71 percent). Furthermore, 97.06 percent presented blood pressures ≥130/85 mmHg and 100 percent of patients had no knowledge of their disease. Conclusions: Metabolic Syndrome predominated in female patients and in those aged 60 to 64 years. The early diagnosis at the primary health care level is poor. This syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease(AU)

Medição do Fluxo Sanguíneo Coronário em Angiogramas Coronários Convencionais por um Novo Método Baseado na Detecção da Densidade de Contraste. Uma Visão Fisiológica / Coronary Blood Flow Measurement in Conventional Coronary Angiograms by a New Method Based on Contrast Density Detection. A Physiological Insight

Resumo Fundamento O grau de fluxo TIMI e a contagem quadro a quadro TIMI corrigida (CTFC) são métodos amplamente utilizados para avaliar o fluxo sanguíneo coronariano angiográfico. A medição do fluxo sanguíneo coronariano (FSC) na coronariografia (CAG) padrão despertou grande interesse recentemente, tentando combinar o conceito de CTFC com novos métodos para pós-angioplastia e avaliação da síndrome cardíaca X. Além disso, o fluxo coronariano lento é considerado um critério importante para a angina microvascular. Objetivo Explorar uma nova abordagem de medição angiográfica quantitativa do FSC com base na detecção densitométrica de contraste na CAG offline, usando um software acessível para obter uma avaliação mais precisa e confiável do FSC. Métodos Trinta pacientes foram estudados e divididos em 2 grupos: fluxo sanguíneo coronariano normal (FN) e fluxo sanguíneo coronariano lento (FL), de acordo com a definição da CTFC. O MD foi aplicado à amostra do estudo para diferenciar entre FN e FL. A estatística não paramétrica foi usada para avaliar diferenças entre os grupos com p<0,05. Resultados O valor de referência normal do MD obtido para o fluxo sanguíneo coronariano foi de 9 [5-10] quadros. Os grupos FN vs. FL foi comparado e expresso como mediana [intervalo interquartil], para a artéria descendente anterior esquerda: 10 [7-11] vs. 21 [8-33]; p=0,016; artéria circunflexa: 9 [4-13] vs. 14 [11-30]; p=0,012 e artéria coronária direita: 5 [3-11] vs. 13 [8-26]; p=0,009. Conclusão O MD mostrou a viabilidade de medir o fluxo sanguíneo coronariano com precisão, consistência e reprodutibilidade em um angiograma coronariano padrão, mostrando a capacidade adicional de diferenciar FN de FL em pacientes com dor precordial e artérias coronárias normais. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(3):503-512)

Abstract Background TIMI flow grade and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) are widely used methods to evaluate angiographic coronary blood flow. Measurement of coronary blood flow (CBF) on standard coronary angiography (CAG) has aroused great interest recently, trying to combine the CTFC concept with new methods for post-angioplasty and for cardiac syndrome X assessment. Additionally, coronary slow flow it is now considered a major criterion for microvascular angina. Objective Explore a new approach of quantitative angiographic measurement of CBF based on densitometric contrast detection in CAG off-line, using an accessible software to obtain a more precise and reliable CBF assessment. Methods Thirty patients were studied and divided in 2 groups, normal coronary blood flow (NF) and slow coronary blood flow (SF), according to CTFC definition. The DM was applied to the study sample to differentiate between NF and SF. Non-parametric statistics was used to assess differences between groups at p<0.05. Results The DM normal reference value obtained for coronary blood flow was 9 [5-10] frames. NF vs SF group were compared and expressed as median [interquartile range], for the left anterior descending: 10 [7-11] vs 21 [8-33];p= 0.016; circumflex: 9 [4-13] vs 14 [11-30]; p= 0.012 and right coronary artery: 5 [3-11] vs 13 [8-26]; p=0.009. Conclusion The DM showed the feasibility of measuring coronary blood flow with precision, consistency and reproducible in a standard coronary angiogram, showing the additional capability to differentiate between NF and SF in chest pain patients with normal coronary arteries. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(3):503-512)

A single-centre observational study of 124 surgically managed glioma patients: molecular subtyping and its correlation with clinico-radiological profile

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification incorporated molecular subtyping in glioma, highlighting the diagnostic and prognostic significance. The study aims to determine the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH-1) gene, α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene, and tumor suppressor gene-53 (p53) mutation in glioma and their correlation with various clinical and radiological parameters.Methods: In this prospective observational study, histopathological slides of glioma (2017-2018), were analyzed for IDH-1, ATRX and p53 mutations and their correlation with various clinical and radiological parameters.Results: IDH-1 mutation was found in 48 (38.7%), ATRX loss in 38 (30.6%) and p53 mutation in 40 (32.5%) patients. The expression of IDH-1 was significantly higher (43.7%) in adults; however, no significant difference was seen with gender. Also 51.2% of patients, who presented with seizures, showed IDH-1 expression; and 27.7% of patients, who had neurological deficit also showed IDH-1 expression. IDH-1 expression was high in glioma located at insula (73.3%) and parietal lobe (71.4%); while ATRX loss was seen in glioma located at insula (80%). Intraventricular glioma characteristically lacks all three markers: IDH-1 expression, p53 overexpression and ATRX loss. IDH-1 expression and p53 overexpression was seen mainly in diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma.Conclusions: Molecular subtyping is of paramount importance in glioma management. IDH-1 mutation is commonly observed in adults and patients presenting with seizures. The duration of symptoms correlates with IDH-1 and ATRX mutations. Hypothalamic tumors lack all three mutations.

Dietary habits, anthropometric and metabolic profile of adolescents born prematurely / Perfil alimentar, metabólico e antropométrico de adolescentes nascidos prematuros

INTRODUCTION: Prematurity may be related to the early onset of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adolescence. Breastfeeding and feeding are crucial factors in the genesis of cardio metabolic riskOBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the type of breastfeeding and eating habits with the blood pressure, lipid, glycemic and anthropometric profile of adolescents born prematurelyMETHODS: Cross-sectional study with 50 adolescents born prematurely in western Paraná, Brazil, aged 10 to 19 years. Data on birth, breastfeeding and feeding using the 24-hour Food Consumption Marker were evaluated. Weight, height, abdominal circumference (AC), blood pressure (BP) were verified; concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by capillary puncture. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and analysis of varianceRESULTS: Out of total, 78% eat in front of screens and 52% do not take the main meals during the day. Regardless of the amount of meals a day, the lipid, glycemic and AC profiles did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. There is a statistically significant association between BP and number of meals (p = 0.01), TC and breastfeeding (p = 0.03) and TG with consumption of sausages (p = 0.02) and products rich in carbohydrates (p = 0.01). Most of them (72%) consumed cow's milk before completing one year and only 30% received exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age. Related other values, 30% had high BP, 22% and 41% high TC and TG, respectively. Of the 30% overweight, 60% had high BP, 53% high TG, 33% high TC and 33% percentile AC ≥90CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding did not influence the metabolic profile, but it was evidenced as risk factors for adolescents to develop future cardiovascular problems due to prematurity, inadequate eating habits, overweight, alterations in abdominal circumference, blood pressure and lipid profile

INTRODUÇÃO: A prematuridade pode estar relacionada à instalação precoce de obesidade e síndrome metabólica na adolescência. O aleitamento e a alimentação são fatores cruciais na gênese do risco cardiometabólicoOBJETIVO: Analisar a relação do tipo de aleitamento e hábitos alimentares com o perfil pressórico, lipídico, glicêmico e antropométrico de adolescentes nascidos prematurosMÉTODO: Estudo transversal com 50 adolescentes nascidos prematuros no oeste do Paraná, com idades entre 10 e 19 anos. Avaliaram-se dados do nascimento, aleitamento e alimentação (Marcador de Consumo Alimentar de 24 horas). Verificou-se peso, altura, circunferência abdominal (CA), pressão arterial (PA); dosadas concentrações de glicose, colesterol total (CT) e triglicerídeos (TG) por punção capilar. Análise de dados por estatística descritiva e análise de variânciaRESULTADOS: 78% realizavam alimentação em frente a telas e 52% não realizavam todas as principais refeições do dia; independentemente da quantidade de refeições diárias, os perfis lipídico, glicêmico e CA não apresentaram diferença estatística significante entre os grupos. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre PA e número de refeições (p=0,01), CT e aleitamento materno (p=0,03) e TG com consumo de embutidos (p=0,02) e produtos ricos em carboidratos (p=0,01). Para 72% foi ofertado leite de vaca antes de completar um ano e somente 30% receberam aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de idade. Na amostra, 30% apresentaram PA elevada, 22% e 41% CT e TG elevados, respectivamente. Dos 30% com excesso de peso, 60% apresentaram PA elevada, 53% TG, 33% CT elevado e 33% percentil CA ≥90CONCLUSÃO: O aleitamento não influenciou no perfil metabólico, porém se evidenciou como fatores de risco para os adolescentes desenvolverem problemas cardiovasculares futuros à prematuridade, hábitos alimentares inadequados, excesso de peso, CA e perfil pressórico e lipídico alterados

Metabolic syndrome among patients taking second generation antipsychotics: does obstructive sleep apnoea and sleep quality play any role?

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common among patients who have been exposed to second generation antipsychotics (SGA). Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and sleep quality may also contribute to MetS. Aims: To study the contribution of sleep quality and OSA on the development of MetS in patients taking SGA. Methods: Total 60 patients taking SGA for more than three months were taken for the study. It was an observational, cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of OSA was done using Hindi translation of Berlin questionnaire. Hindi version of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was used to assess the sleep quality. MetS was diagnosed using Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results: Forty two subjects did not have MetS, out of which 35 had low risk of OSA and seven had high risk of OSA, while 18 subjects had MetS of which nine each had high and low risk of OSA. The results were highly significant with a p-value of 0.007 (p?0.05). Subjects without MetS (n=42) comprised four good sleepers and 38 poor sleepers. Subjects with MetS (n=18) comprised of one good sleeper and 17 poor sleepers. The results were non-significant with a p-value of 0.525 (p?0.05). The high risk of OSA had around seven times higher likelihood of contribution to MetS. Conclusions: Sleep quality did not play a significant role in increasing the likelihood of MetS and OSA increased the likelihood of MetS in subjects exposed to SGA by seven times.

Comparison of scores for the classification of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients enrolled in a Venezuelan program for chronic non-communicable diseases: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Several continuous measurements of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) have emerged as indexes or scores. To our knowledge, there are no published data on its application and validation in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate four continuous measurements of metabolic status and CMR. We established its predictive capacity for four conditions associated with CMR. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a healthcare center in the state of Carabobo, Venezuela. METHODS: The sample comprised 176 Venezuelan adults enrolled in a chronic disease care program. Four CMR scores were calculated: metabolic syndrome (MetS) Z-score; cardiometabolic index (ICMet); simple method for quantifying MetS (siMS) score; and siMS risk score. CMR biomarkers, proinflammatory status and glomerular function were assessed. MetS was established in accordance with a harmonized definition. RESULTS: Patients with MetS showed higher levels of all scores. All scores increased as the number of MetS components rose. The scores showed significant correlations with most CMR biomarkers, inflammation and glomerular function after adjusting for age and sex. In the entire sample, MetS Z-score, siMS score and siMS risk score showed the ability to detect MetS, reduced glycemic control, proinflammatory status and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. ICMet only discriminated MetS and proinflammatory state. There were some differences in the predictive capacity of the scores according to sex. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the use of the scores assessed here. Follow-up studies should evaluate the predictive capacity of scores for cardiovascular events and diabetes in the Venezuelan population.

Effects of smoking and aerobic exercise on risk factors of metabolic syndrome among male college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking and aerobic exercise on metabolic syndrome risk factors among male college students.@*Methods@#Eighty male college students were randomly selected from Global Youth Tobacco Survey and assigned to exercise smoker(ES), non-exercise smoker(NES), exercise non-smoker(ENS) and non-exercise nonsmoker (NENS) groups with sample size of 20 in each group. Subjects in NES and NENS groups maintained daily lifestyle while those in ES and ENS group performed aerobic exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks with exercise intensity set at 50%~80% of heart rate reserve. Before and after experiment, risk factors for metabolic syndrome were assessed including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).@*Results@#After experiment, compared with ENS and NENS group, WC, SBP, DBP, FPG and TG increased while HDL-C decreased (P<0.05) in ES and NES groups. Compared with pre-experiment, SBP and DBP significantly decreased in ENS group(P<0.05), increased in NES group (P<0.05) while no statistically significant in ES and NENS group(P>0.05); WC was significantly reduced in both ES and ENS groups(P<0.05), increased in NES group (P<0.05) while no statistically significant in NENS group (P>0.05) after experiment. Compared with NES and NENS groups, △WC in ES and ENS group decreased (P<0.05); compared with other groups, △SBP and △DBP increased in NES groups while decreased(P<0.05) in ENS group.@*Conclusion@#Smoking is associated with higher level of metabolic syndrome risk factors, while aerobic exercise is associated with lowering blood pressure and WC level in male college students.