Quando vem uma mãe chefe de família para a terapia: a ótica de terapeutas de família sobre a monoparentalidade feminina / "When a breadwinner -mother comes to the therapy": family therapists’ view of female-headed single parenting / "Cuando una madre jefa de familia viene para la terapia": la perspectiva de los terapeutas de familia acerca de la monoparentalidad femenina

Investigou-se a percepção de cinco terapeutas de família acerca da monoparentalidade feminina e o papel dos estudos de gênero em sua formação profissional. Para tanto, utilizou-se de entrevista individual semidirigida. A análise crítica de discurso com abordagem sistêmica foi empregada, enfatizando os micro e macroelementos presentes nos discursos. Os resultados indicaram uma defasagem de estudos de gênero na formação básica das profissionais, que foi em parte suprida pela formação em Terapia Familiar Sistêmica. Percepções contraditórias e complementares caracterizaram o processo de análise dos dados. Ao se referirem às mulheres chefes de família e às suas relações com o contexto socioambiental e familiar, as falas variaram entre vieses de patologia e de promoção de saúde. Tais variações foram divididas entre a visão clínica e psicossocial do fenômeno e exigiram um posicionamento crítico de análise dos dados.

We have investigated the perception of five family therapists about femaleheaded single parenting and the role of gender studies in their professional training. Both, an Individual semi-structured interview and the Critical Discourse Analysis together with a systemic approach emphasizing micro and macro elements present in the discourses were applied. The results indicated a lack of gender studies in the professionals’ basic training, which was partly compensated by the training in Systemic Family Therapy. Contradictory and complementary views were parts of the process of data analysis. When referring to female breadwinner and their relationships with environmental and family context, the discourses ranged from pathology biases and health promotion. Such variations were divided between clinical and psychosocial view of the phenomenon and required a critical positioning towards the data analysis.

Fue investigada la percepción de cinco terapeutas de familia acerca de la monoparentalidad femenina y el rol de los estudios de género en su formación profesional. Para tal fueron utilizadas entrevistas individuales semidirigidas. El análisis crítico del discurso siguiendo un enfoque sistémico fue utilizado, haciendo hincapié entre micro y macro elementos presentes en los discursos. Los resultados indicaron una insuficiencia de estudios de género en la formación básica de los profesionales, que fue compensada en parte por la formación en terapia familiar sistémica. Ideas contradictorias y complementarias caracterizan el proceso de análisis de datos. Cuando se hace referencia a mujeres jefas de familia y sus relaciones con el contexto ambiental y familiar, las intervenciones variaron entre sesgos de patología y promoción de la salud. Tales variaciones se dividieron entre el punto de vista clínico y psicosocial del fenómeno y exigieron un posicionamiento crítico del análisis de los datos.

Terapia familiar sistémica en contextos de pobreza / Systemic family therapy in contexts of poverty

Sin duda alguna, un par de páginas se han de quedar cortas a la hora de desglosar un poco sobre aquellos enfoques direccionados hacia el ser humano, desde lo individual, hasta su interacción en grupo y sociedad. Aun así, el presente artículo permite dar una mirada estructural y básica de lo que conlleva a la mención del concepto de Terapia Familiar Sistémica, en éste caso desarrollada en contextos de pobreza, básicamente en América Latina, y más específicamente en Colombia. A través de una contextualización estructurada de términos, ubicados en la raíz del tema principal, se pretende hacer un recorrido que vaya desde lo más sencillo, hasta lo más elaborado, para finalmente impregnar al lector, de una forma más clara y globalizada, de la ubicación y el universo que se constituye alrededor de la Terapia Familiar Sistémica, en los contextos de pobreza; su constitución, fundamento e importancia en nuestra sociedad.

Anyway a couple of pages will be short when we want to drill down a bit on those directed towards the human being approaches from the individual to his group interaction and society. Even so, this article can give a structural and basic look of what it takes to mention the concept of Systemic Family Therapy, developed in contexts of poverty, mainly in Latin America and more specifically in Colombia. Through a structured contextualization of terms, located in the root of the main theme it is to make a journey that goes from the simplest to the most elaborated, and finally imbue the reader of a clearer and globalized form of the location and the universe that is around the Systemic Family Therapy in contexts of poverty; its constitution, foundation and importance in our society.

Systemic Family Therapy of Comorbidity of Anxiety and Depression with Epilepsy in Adolescents

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to find if systemic family therapy (SFT) does work in anxiety and depression with epilepsy in adolescents (ADAE). METHODS: 104 adolescents with epilepsy, aged 13-20 years old, were included from December 2009 to December 2010, the enrolled patients were with anxiety [Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score ≥14 points] or depression [Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score ≥20 points]. The patients were randomly divided into the control group (n=52) treated with antiepileptic drugs (AED) and the intervention group (n=52) undergone Systemic Family Therapy (SFT) as well as AED. The AED improvements, anxiety and depression scores, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Family Assessment Device (FAD) and scale of systemic family dynamics (SSFD) were observed after 3-month treatment. RESULTS: The frequencies of epileptic seizures in intervention group was decreased much more significantly than the control group (4.22±3.54 times/month vs. 6.20±5.86 times/month, p=0.04); and the scores of anxiety (9.52±6.28 points vs. 13.48±8.47 points, p=0.01) and depression (13.86±9.17 points vs. 18.89±8.73 points, p=0.02) were significantly decreased than the control group; meanwhile, the family dynamics and family functions were significantly improved, and the social support was also increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: SFT combined with AEDs had better efficacies than AEDs alone, not only the frequency of epileptic seizures was decreased, but also the patients' anxiety and depression were improved, and the family dynamics, family functions and social support were improved.

Uso da técnica da linha de vida em terapia familiar sistêmica cognitivo-comportamental / Use of Lifeline Technique in Cognitive-Behavioral-Systemic Family Therapy

A violência intrafamiliar precoce, crônica e recorrente pode levar ao desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais, incluindo o Transtorno de Estresse Pós- Traumático (TEPT) e o Trauma Complexo. Os efeitos da exposição à violência intrafamiliar comumente não são limitados à infância e à adolescência, podendo impactar o funcionamento psicológico, social e ocupacional na vida adulta. As intervenções com maior eficácia para esses casos envolvem psicoterapia individual (psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamental) e psicoterapia familiar (sistêmica e cognitivo-comportamental). Na abordagem cognitivo-comportamental-sistêmica, a técnica da linha de vida pode se caracterizar como uma estratégia útil na avaliação do curso temporal da exposição a eventos estressores, bem como das respostas adaptativas e desadaptativas dos diferentes membros do sistema familiar. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um processo de psicoterapia familiar breve com o uso da técnica da linha de vida em uma família exposta a múltiplas situações de violência intrafamiliar como estratégia terapêutica.

Intrafamily violence when precocious, chronic and recurrent may lead to the development of mental disorders, including Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Trauma. The effects of exposure to intrafamily violence commonly are not limited to childhood and adolescence, and may impact psychological, social and occupational functioning in adulthood. The most effortful intervention to these cases involves individual psychotherapy (cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy) and family psychotherapy (systemic and cognitive-behavioral). In the cognitive-behavioral-systemic approach, the lifeline technique can be characterized as a useful strategy in the evaluation of the temporal course of the exposure to stressor events, as well as the adaptive and maladaptive answers from the members of the family system. The aim of this paper is to present a brief family psychotherapy process with a family exposed to multiple situations of intrafamily violence with the use of lifeline’s technique as a therapeutic approach.