TAMIS: ¿Un nuevo estándar para el tratamiento de los pólipos de recto? Revisión de la bibliografía y reporte de nuestra experiencia / TAMIS: A new standard for the treatment of rectal polyps? Literature review and report our experience

La morbilidad y alteración de la calidad de vida asociadas a la resección anterior del recto y amputación abdominoperineal determinaron un gran interés en el desarrollo del abordaje transanal. En los últimos años se ha visto un marcado desarrollo tecnológico en los dispositivos disponible para este abordaje. La cirugía por vía transanal ofrece ventajas en cuanto a sus resultados y complicaciones cuando se la compara a la cirugía por vía abdominal. La cirugía transanal mini-invasiva surge como una alternativa de abordaje videoendoscópico del recto. La resección local por cirugía endoscópica para los pólipos grandes de recto se ha convertido en un nuevo estándar de tratamiento en la mayoría de los centros, obteniendo piezas no fragmentadas con una alta tasa de márgenes negativos. En el presente estudio realizamos una revisión sobre la aplicación de TAMIS (TransAnal Minimally Invasive Surgery) al tratamiento de los pólipos de recto. (AU)

A great interest has developed in implementing trans anal minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of rectal adenomas and early rectal tumors. It present advantages when compare to radical surgery and peace meal endoscopic resections. TAMIS delivers non-fragmented specimens with clear resection margin in the majority of the cases. Such good technical results are mirrored with a low recurrence rate when evaluating rectal adenomas. This is a review of the application of TAMIS for the treatment of rectal adenomas. (AU)

Prevention of H2O2 Induced Oxidative Damages of Rat Testis by Thymus algeriensis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>We evaluate the effects of Thymus algeriensis (TEO) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) toxicity on body and testis weight, testis sperm count, testis lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were treated with low (LD) and high dose (HD) of H2O2 (0.1 and 1 mmol/L) in the presence or absence of TEO (150 mg/kg).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and testis weight, in total sperm number decrease (P<0.05), sperm motility and percentage of sperm viability, leading to complete arrest, in sperm flagellar beat frequency by the gavage of 1 mmol/L H2O2 compared to controls. The administration of H2O2 resulted in a significant reduction in testis GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, and GST activity and significant increase (P<0.05) in MDA concentration compared with the untreated control animals. TEO pre-treatment protected testis from the H2O2 generated oxidative stress. These results were confirmed by histological architecture examinations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>H2O2 has the ability to alter the sperm function, characteristics and development of testis. However, TEO is an efficient natural agent, which can prevent the testis from H2O2-induced oxidative damage in rats.</p>

The Symptom Expression and the Illness Behavior of North Korean Defectors: Toward an Effective Therapeutic Relationships

BACKGROUND: The North Korean defectors are suffering from multiple psychologic and physical health problems. However, because of their emotional maladaptation, noncooperation and suspiciousness and distrust toward others, it is difficult for South Korean doctors to build effective therapeutic relationships with them. Therefore, we made efforts to clarify the characteristics of North Korean defectors in symptom expressions and illness behaviors which would help South Korean doctors to gain rapport. METHODS: We performed qualitative study with focus group interview. Three focus groups were composed of 14 North Korean defectors and group interviews were performed twice for each group. The contents of each interview were analyzed and conclusions were drawn by extracting and arranging significant findings. RESULTS: The North Korean defectors showed psychologic symptoms such as anxiety, depression and various somatic symptoms. Among them, 'Laeng-Dol ('cold mass) and 'Jeog' mean subjective mass-feeling, such as globus sensation. And 'Tag-Gi-Byeong ('chicken heart disease')' means recurrent chest pain. These expressions reflect their anxious, depressive, and somatizing tendency. Among illness concept, 'Laeng-Byeong' ('cold related disease') means that they consider the cold weather to be the cause of various somatic symptoms. Characteristic illness behaviors include continuous complaining of recurrent symptoms, distrusting medical staffs and institutions, self-diagnosis, self- prescription, and reliance upon folk remedies. These illness behaviors were precipitated by the current breakdown of health-care system and economic crisis of the North Korea. CONCLUSION: South Korean doctors should be able to understand these characteristics of the North Korean defectors in order to build effective therapeutic relationship with them.

The Symptom Expression and the Illness Behavior of North Korean Defectors: Toward an Effective Therapeutic Relationships

BACKGROUND: The North Korean defectors are suffering from multiple psychologic and physical health problems. However, because of their emotional maladaptation, noncooperation and suspiciousness and distrust toward others, it is difficult for South Korean doctors to build effective therapeutic relationships with them. Therefore, we made efforts to clarify the characteristics of North Korean defectors in symptom expressions and illness behaviors which would help South Korean doctors to gain rapport. METHODS: We performed qualitative study with focus group interview. Three focus groups were composed of 14 North Korean defectors and group interviews were performed twice for each group. The contents of each interview were analyzed and conclusions were drawn by extracting and arranging significant findings. RESULTS: The North Korean defectors showed psychologic symptoms such as anxiety, depression and various somatic symptoms. Among them, 'Laeng-Dol ('cold mass) and 'Jeog' mean subjective mass-feeling, such as globus sensation. And 'Tag-Gi-Byeong ('chicken heart disease')' means recurrent chest pain. These expressions reflect their anxious, depressive, and somatizing tendency. Among illness concept, 'Laeng-Byeong' ('cold related disease') means that they consider the cold weather to be the cause of various somatic symptoms. Characteristic illness behaviors include continuous complaining of recurrent symptoms, distrusting medical staffs and institutions, self-diagnosis, self- prescription, and reliance upon folk remedies. These illness behaviors were precipitated by the current breakdown of health-care system and economic crisis of the North Korea. CONCLUSION: South Korean doctors should be able to understand these characteristics of the North Korean defectors in order to build effective therapeutic relationship with them.