Desarrollo del Instrumento para Evaluar la Calidad Técnica de Pruebas Psicológicas / Development of a Model to Evaluate the Technical Quality of The Psychological Tests

Resumen Una de las estratégias utilizadas para garantizar procesos de evaluación psicológica de acuerdo con altos estándares éticos y técnicos consiste en evaluar la calidad de las pruebas que se utilizan en tales procesos y divulgar ampliamente la información, para que los profesionales usuarios de pruebas tengan suficientes elementos de juicio a la hora de decidir sobre la selección y uso de las mismas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un instrumento para valorar la calidad técnica de las pruebas publicadas en español, utilizadas en Colombia. Con base en la revisión de seis modelos de evaluación de pruebas (alemán, español, holandês, britânico, brasileno y el de la Federación Europea de Asociaciones de Psicólogos, EFPA) y la identificación de las pruebas más usadas en Colombia (Herrera, & León, 2015), se adelantó un proyecto colaborativo dentro del cual se conformò un grupo de expertos con participación de instituciones de todo el país para desarrollar la primera versión del instrumento; ésta fue sometida a revisión por jueces y se adelantó una aplicación piloto con seis de las pruebas más usadas. Este documento presenta en detalle la estructura, los indicadores de calidad y los criterios de evaluación que conforman el instrumento que se constituye en el primer modelo para Colombia..

Abstract One of the strategies frequently used to sure that the psychological evaluation processes is carried out with high ethical and technical standards, consists of evaluating the quality of the tests used in such processes and widely spreading the information, so, the professionals would have useful information to make decisions about its selection and use. The main aim of this work was to develop an instrument to review the technical quality of the psychological tests. Based on the review of six test evaluation models (German, Spanish, Dutch, British, Brazilian and that of the European Federation of Psychologists Associations, EFPA) and the identification of the most used tests in Colombia (Herrera & León, 2015), a collaborative project was carried out. A group of experts was formed with the participation of institutions from all over the country to develop a first version of the instrument; this version was subjected to reviews by judges and a panel of experts, and a pilot application was carried out with six of the most used tests. This document presents in detail the structure, the quality indicators and the evaluation criteria of the instrument that constitutes this model

Root canal retreatment: a retrospective investigation using regression and data mining methods for the prediction of technical quality and periapical healing

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate patterns and risk factors related to the feasibility of achieving technical quality and periapical healing in root canal non-surgical retreatment, using regression and data mining methods. Methodology This retrospective observational study included 321 consecutive patients presenting for root canal retreatment. Patients were treated by graduate students, following standard protocols. Data on medical history, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up visits variables were collected from physical records and periapical radiographs and transferred to an electronic chart database. Basic statistics were tabulated, and univariate and multivariate analytical methods were used to identify risk factors for technical quality and periapical healing. Decision trees were generated to predict technical quality and periapical healing patterns using the J48 algorithm in the Weka software. Results Technical outcome was satisfactory in 65.20%, and we observed periapical healing in 80.50% of the cases. Several factors were related to technical quality, including severity of root curvature and altered root canal morphology (p<0.05). Follow-up periods had a mean of 4.05 years. Periapical lesion area, tooth type, and apical resorption proved to be significantly associated with retreatment failure (p<0.05). Data mining analysis suggested that apical root resorption might prevent satisfactory technical outcomes even in teeth with straight root canals. Also, large periapical lesions and poor root filling quality in primary endodontic treatment might be related to healing failure. Conclusion Frequent patterns and factors affecting technical outcomes of endodontic retreatment included root canal morphological features and its alterations resulting from primary endodontic treatment. Healing outcomes were mainly associated with the extent of apical periodontitis pathological damages in dental and periapical tissues. To determine treatment predictability, we suggest patterns including clinical and radiographic features of apical periodontitis and technical quality of primary endodontic treatment.

Cross-sectional assessment of the periapical status as related to quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations in a Yemeni population

Aim: the present study aimed to examine the influence of the quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations on the prevalence of periapical lesions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred digital panoramic radiographs were obtained from the archive of Al‑HamziDental Center in Sana’a, Yemen. The final sample consisted of 120 radiographs, and 675 root filled teeth.The quality of root canal fillings was scored according to criteria of length, homogeneity and taper. Coronal status (type of restoration, signs of marginal leakage or decay) was also evaluated. The periapical status was categorized on the basis of presence or absence of radiographical signs of apical periodontitis. Chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance between different parameters. Results: We found that 93.6 percent of root filled teeth were associated with apical periodontitis. Only 9.2 percent of root filled teeth were found to have an acceptable standard of root canal fillings, of which 32.3 percent was also associated to signs of periapical disease. In roots with an unacceptable root canal filling, 95.4 percent had periapical disease. Teeth with good (14.4 percent) and poor (32.9 percent) intra-coronal restorations had apical periodontitis in 93.8 percent and 97.7 percent of cases, respectively. Crown restorations were present in 52.7 percent of root filled teeth, of which 91.0 percent were associated with periapical lesions. Conclusion: The poor technical quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations is consistent with a high prevalence of apical periodontitis.

Calidad técnica de las historias clínicas de los pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital EsSalud de Chiclayo, 2008-2010 / Technical quality of the medical charts of the patients at Hospital Essalud of Chiclayo, 2008-2010

bjetivo: Evaluar la calidad técnica de las historias clínicas de los 4 servicios básicos de hospitalización del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, en el periodo 2008-2010. Materiales y Métodos: Descriptivo, Retrospectivo, Transversal. Población constituida por los pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Medicina Interna, Cirugía, Ginecología-Obstetricia, Pediatría, durante el periodo 2008, 2009, 2010. Se analizó los datos obtenidos por medio del software estadístico SPSS v 17.0, la calidad de las Historias clínicas se determinó considerando los criterios de la Norma Técnica de las Historias Clínicas del MINSA. Resultados: La evaluación de la calidad por servicio mostró que el servicio de Obstetricia presentó la mayor proporción de buena calidad 28 (12,4%) y también la mayor proporción de mala calidad, con 70 (30,8%), además de una proporción de buena calidad total de 87 (38,5%) de historias evaluadas. Conclusión: La mayor proporción de historias de buena calidad por servicio, fue 12,4% al servicio de Obstetricia y mayor proporción de historias de mala calidad al mismo servicio con 30,8%, resultado coincide y se contrapone con lo encontrado por Aguinaga A. Además la evaluación total de la calidad arrojó un valor de 38,5% del total, resultado cuyo valor es mayor al encontrado por Bocanegra, pero es menor al encontrado por Aguinaga A.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the technical quality of the medical charts of the 4 basic hospitalization services of the Hospital National Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, in the period 2008-2010. Materials and methods: Descriptive, Retrospective, and Transverse study. Population conformed by the hospitalized patients in the services of Internal Medicine, Surgery, Gynecology-obstetrics and Pediatrics, during 2008, 2009 and 2010. We analyzed the data obtained using the statistical software SPSS v 17.0, the technical quality of the medical charts was determined considering MINSA's criteria for the Technical Norm of the Medical Charts. Results: The evaluation of the quality per service showed that the service of Obstetrics presented the largest proportion for good-quality 28 ( 12.4 % ) and also the largest bad-quality proportion, with 70 ( 30.8 % ), in addition to a proportion of total good quality of 87 ( 38.5 % ) of evaluated charts. Conclusion: The largest proportion of good-quality stories per service was 12.4 % at the service of Obstetrics and the largest proportion for bad-quality stories to the same service with 30.8 %. This result corresponds and it is contrasted with findings by Aguinaga A. Besides, the total evaluation of quality yielded a value of 38.5 % of the total, result whose value is greater than the finding by Bocanegra, but it is minor to the findings by Aguinaga A.(AU)

Análisis de la calidad técnica de los lentes deventa libre con el referente de lentes oftálmicosen pacientes présbitas / Analysis of the technical quality of freedom sale lens with reference in presbiopye patients’ ophthalmic lenses

Los lentes de venta libre, fabricados industrialmente, se adquieren en diferentes lugares sin previo conocimientode su calidad y sin la orientación del personalcalificado.Objetivo: establecer la calidad óptica de los lentes de venta libre.Materiales y métodos: se utilizaron 50 anteojos de venta libre, que fueron elegidos por cada paciente escogiendo la corrección con la que se sentían más cómodos para su trabajo en visión próxima. Después del uso durante 15 días de los lentes descritos, se reemplazaroncon lentes oftálmicos en material CR-39 y la prescripción correspondiente, usados el mismo tiempo. Mediante la construcción de un refractómetro,se determinó la distancia focal y el índice de refracción,obteniendo el número ABBE y la reflectancia.Se midió el poder de vértice posterior, espesor, ságita y densidad.Resultados: con respecto al poder, el paciente siemprese inclinó a escoger los lentes de venta libre que tuvieran mayor aumento, con el fin de buscar magnificación,demostrándose que son pacientes hipercorregidos.Además, la rotulación del poder de estos lentes no correspondió en el 40 por ciento de los casos. La densidad promedio de los lentes de venta libre dio 1,18 g/cm3, el índice de refracción promedio 1,560 y un número ABBE promedio de 30.Conclusiones: debido a estas características los lentes tienen menor espesor, menor peso y mayor dispersión cromática que los lentes de referencia CR-39.

The nonprescription lenses, industrially manufactured,are acquired in different places, without prior knowledge of their quality and without the guidance of qualified personnel.Objective: to establish the optical quality of nonprescriptionlenses.Methods: we used 50 nonprescription eyeglasses, which were elected for each patient in choosing the correction with which they felt more comfortable for her work in next vision. After use by 15 days of the lenses described, is by contrast material in ophthalmiclenses CR-39 and the prescription, used the same time. By building a refractometer, it was determined the focal length and the index of refraction, obtainingthe number ABBE and reflectance. We measuredpower of posterior index, thickness and density Sagita.Results: with regard to power, the patient is always inclined to choose the nonprescription lenses with greater increases in order to seek magnification, showing that patients are overcorrect, plus signs of the power of these lenses, not accounted for 40 percent of the cases. The average density of the nonprescriptionlenses was 1.18 g/cm3, the index of refraction 1560 and an average number ABBE average of 30.Conclusions: Because of these characteristics lenses are less thick, less weight, more chromatic dispersionthat lenses reference CR-39.