RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tendon derived stem cells exist in the tendon and have unique functions for tendon repair. Different cytokines have different effects on the proliferation and differentiation of tendon derived stem cells. Platelet-rich plasma refers to the blood product obtained from the whole blood through gradient centrifugation and stratification, which contains a variety of cytokines that could help to promote the regeneration of ligaments and tendons. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the latest progress of effects of cytokines and platelet-rich plasma on proliferation and differentiation of tendon derived stem cells. METHODS: Using “tendon derived stem cells, tendon stem/progenitor cells, tendon stem cell, platelet-rich plasma, ligament injury” as keywords in English and “tendon derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, ligament injury” in Chinese, the first author searched PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang for relevant articles published from 2007 to 2019. Literature unrelated to the purpose of the study and repetitive literature were excluded, and 83 articles that meet the criteria were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Tendon derived stem cells are ideal cells for the treatment of tendon injury in cell transplantation. Its proliferation and differentiation are influenced by cytokines. Platelet-rich plasma contains a large number of cytokines, which can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of tendon derived stem cells and have the potential to become a carrier of cell transplantation. Exploring the relationship between cytokines and proliferation and differentiation of tendon stem cells will provide a new approach for the clinical application of tendon derived stem cells.
RESUMO
Objective To detect the efficiency of the newly developed PLGA/IO MPs in tracking tendon stem cells (TSCs) by magnetic resonance (MR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging . Methods Both PLAG/IO MPs and TSCs were prepared and acquired according to the previous study ,and TSCs were incubated with PLGA/IO MPs for labeling .TSCs were collected for MR and PA imaging ,prussian blue staining was performed ,and the iron concentration of labeled TSCs was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry ( ICP-OES ) at 3 ,7 ,14 ,21 and 28 days after labeling respectively . The rotator cuff injury model was built on the right side of SD rats by surgery and the labeled TSCs were implanted instantly . Dual-modal MR/PA imaging was performed to observe the implanted labeled TSCs at day 3 ,7 ,14 ,21 and 28 after implantation respectively . Results Along with the increase of labeling time ,both MR and PA signal of labeled TSCs decreased gradually ,and the amount of intracellular Fe loading was gradually decreased . At day 28 ,the difference of Fe concentration per cell between labeled TSCs and non-labeled TSCs was not significant (1 .45 pg Fe/cell vs 1 .17 pg Fe/cell , P ＞0 .05) . MR and PA imaging allowed a long-term tracking of labeled TSCs for 21 and 7 days respectively in the rat rotator cuff injury model . Conclusions PLGA/IO MPs are able to label TSCs for up to 21 days ,and dual-modal MR/PA imaging could be used to track the labeled TSCs in the rat rotator cuff injury model .
RESUMO
Objective To prepare PLGA microparticles loaded with Iron oxide (PLGA/IO MPs) and explore their feasibility of the rat tendon stem cells (TSCs) labeled with the particles and the multimodal imaging of Ultrasonic (US)/Photoacoustic (PA)/Magnetic resonance (MR) in vitro. Methods The PLGA/IO MPs were prepared using double emulsification,and physical and chemical properties were tested and US/PA/MRI imaging was performed.The TSCs were labeled with PLGA/IO MPs,and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and prussian blue staining were performed to test labeling effects,then the US, PA and MRI imaging of labeled TSCs were performed. Results The diameter and Zeta potential of prepared PLGA/IO MPs were ( 801.5 ± 165.6) nm and (6.36 ± 3.36) mV [the Zeta potential of microparticles which including poly-L-Lysine(PLL) was about (3.16 ± 3.69)mV],respectively.PLGA/IO MPs could be imaged by US/PA/MRI multimodal imaging. After labeling,the PLGA/IO MPs were distributed in cytoplasm of labeled TSCs which could be imaged by US,PA,MRI simultaneously. Conclusions The TSCs can be labeled with PLGA/IO MPs effectively,and imaged by using multimodal US/PA/MRI imaging in vitro,which will lay foundation for noninvasive and multimodal tracking of transplanted TSCs in vivo.