Correlatos valorativos do preconceito religioso: um estudo em uma escola pública estadual / Value correlates of religious prejudice: a study in a public state school

O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer em que medida e direção os valores humanos se correlacionam com o preconceito religioso. Porém, previamente demandou-se construir e conhecer evidências de validade da Escala de Tolerância Religiosa (ETR). Participaram da pesquisa 200 estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola pública de João Pessoa (PB), com idade média de 17 anos (dp = 2,12), a maioria do sexo feminino (58%). Estes responderam a ETR, o Questionário dos Valores Básicos e perguntas demográficas. Os resultados indicaram correlação negativa entre as subfunções valorativas experimentação e suprapessoal com as pontuações do fator geral de preconceito religioso. Por outro lado, observou-se correlação positiva entre estas pontuações e a frequência com que os jovens participavam de atividades de sua igreja. Estes resultados foram discutidos levando em conta a concepção clássica do preconceito, destacando a importância da teoria funcionalista dos valores para explicá-lo. Finalmente, ressalta-se a importância do ensino religioso como uma alternativa para amenizar este tipo de preconceito.

This study aimed to understand the extent and direction of the human values are correlated with religious prejudice. However, previously demanded to elaborate and know evidence of validity of the Religious Tolerance Scale (RTS). Participated were 200 high school students in a public school in Joao Pessoa (PB), with a mean age of 17 years (sd = 2.12), mostly females (58%). They answered the RTS, the Basic Values Survey and demographic questions. Results indicated a negative correlation of the excitement and suprapersonal sub-functions with the scores on the general factor of religious prejudice. Moreover, there was a positive correlation of these scores with the frequency with young people participated in activities of their church. These findings were discussed based on the classical conception of prejudice, highlighting the importance of the functionalist theory of value to explain it. Finally, we stress the importance of religious education as an alternative to alleviate this type of prejudice.

Human values of colombian people. Evidence for the functionalist theory of values / Valores Humanos de los Colombianos. Evidencia de la Teoría Funcionalista de los Valores

The objective of this research work has been to get to know the axiological orientation of Colombians, and gather empirical evidence regarding the suitability of the functionalist theory of values in Colombia, testing its content and structure hypothesis and the psychometric properties of its measurement (Basic Values Questionnaire BVQ). The BVQ evaluates sexuality, success, social support, knowledge, emotion, power, affection, religiosity, health, pleasure, prestige, obedience, personal stability, belonging, beauty, tradition, survival, and maturity. Two hundred and thirty people participated (112 men and 118 women) whose average age was 28.7 years old, from 50 cities and towns of Colombia. They answered the BVQ and demographic questions. The results gave support to the content hypothesis (six valorative sub-functions: excitement, promotion, existence, suprapersonal, interactive and normative) and to structure (the values represented in two dimensions: orientation type and motivation type). Verifying previous research, it was found that Colombians presented a value orientation which was more social than personal, and more idealistic (humanist) than materialistic. The main values were success, maturity and affection. The least important were power, tradition, beauty and emotion. In conclusion, there is an initial evidence of the suitability about the functionalist theory of values in this culture, although it is advisable to conduct new studies, even thinking in an emic measurement of the values in this country.

El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido conocer la orientación axiológica de los colombianos, y reunir evidencias empíricas con respecto a la adecuación de la teoría funcionalista de los valores en Colombia, comprobando sus hipótesis de contenido y estructura y las propiedades psicométricas de su medida (el Cuestionario de Valores Básicos, CVB). El CVB evalúa sexualidad, éxito, apoyo social, conocimiento, emoción, poder, afectividad, religiosidad, salud, placer, prestigio, obediencia, estabilidad personal, pertenencia, belleza, tradición, supervivencia y madurez. Participaron 230 personas (112 varones y 118 mujeres) con edad promedio de 28.7 años, provenientes de 50 ciudades y pueblos de Colombia. Contestaron el CVB y preguntas demográficas. Los resultados respaldan las hipótesis de contenido (seis subfunciones valorativas: experimentación, realización, existencia, suprapersonal, interactiva y normativa) y estructura (los valores representados en dos dimensiones: tipo de orientación y tipo de motivador). Corroborando investigaciones anteriores, se encontró que los colombianos presentan una orientación valorativa más social que personal, y más idealista (humanista) que materialista. Los principales valores fueron éxito, madurez y afectividad. Los menos importantes fueron poder, tradición, belleza y emoción. En conclusión, existen evidencias iniciales de la adecuación de la teoría funcionalista de los valores en dicha cultura, aunque se recomienda realizar nuevos estudios, incluso pensando en una medida emic de los valores en este país.