A green approach for the treatment of dye and surfactant contaminated industrial wastewater / Uma abordagem verde para o tratamento de águas residuais industriais contaminadas por tintas e surfactantes

Abstract Synthetic dyes, particularly reactive and acid dyes, are commonly used in the textile industry because of their advantages as excellent color fastness and brightness. Also, surfactants are used for an increment of coloring success in the textile industry. One of the major problems concerning textile wastewater is the treatment of the effluents containing both dyes and surfactants. Biological treatment systems are recommended as useful, economic and eco-friendly methods for treatment of industrial wastewater. The purpose of this study was to investigate the binary removal of a textile dye and a surfactant by growing Aspergillus versicolor culture in molasses medium. The effect of dye and surfactant concentration on the removal of dye and surfactant was determined. This study resulted that 100% of the surfactant and dye molecules removed together with the formation of a dye-surfactant complex by fungus. It is concluded that binary removal systems are very efficient for industrial wastewater treatment.

Resumo Os corantes sintéticos, particularmente corantes reativos e ácidos, são comumente usados ​​na indústria têxtil devido às suas vantagens como excelente solidez da cor e brilho. Além disso, os surfactantes são usados ​​para incrementar o sucesso da coloração na indústria têxtil. Um dos principais problemas relativos às águas residuais têxteis são o tratamento dos efluentes contendo corantes e surfactantes. Os sistemas de tratamento biológico são recomendados como métodos úteis, econômicos e ecológicos para o tratamento de efluentes industriais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a remoção binária de um corante têxtil e um surfactante, cultivando a cultura Aspergillus versicolor em meio de melaço. O efeito das concentrações de corante e surfactante nas remoções de corante e surfactante foi determinado. Este estudo resultou na remoção de 100% das moléculas de surfactante e corante juntamente com a formação de um complexo corante-surfactante por fungos. Conclui-se que os sistemas de remoção binária são muito eficientes no tratamento de efluentes industriais.

Descoloração do corante Azul Brilhante de Remazol R por leveduras isoladas de moluscos do Rio Subaé, no estado da Bahia, Brasil / Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye by yeasts isolated from molluscs of the Subaé River (Bahia, Brazil)

RESUMO Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar o potencial de descoloração do corante Azul Brilhante de Remazol R (RBBR) por cinco isolados de leveduras identificados como OJU2, SJL6, SF5, SJ10 e SJU5, otimizar as condições de crescimento das leveduras e verificar a toxicidade do produto obtido após a descoloração. Para isso, foram realizados ensaios em batelada variando os seguintes parâmetros: pH (2 a 8), concentração de glicose (0 a 3%), concentração do corante (25 a 100 ppm) e temperatura (20 a 40ºC). As leveduras mostraram capacidade de descolorir o RBBR com eficiência entre 80 e 93%, depois de 24 horas. A melhor condição para descoloração do RBBR ocorreu em pH ácido, 2% de glicose, 25 ppm do corante e 25ºC. Com os ensaios com Artemia salina, foi observado diminuição da toxicidade após tratamento com os isolados SJ10 e SJU5, depois de 120 horas de incubação.

ABSTRACT This research aimed to study the potential for decolorization of the Brilliant Blue dye Remazol R (RBBR) by five yeasts, identified as OJU2, SJL6, SF5, SJ10 and SJU5, optimize the conditions of growth of these yeasts and verify the toxicity of the product obtained after decolorization. For this purpose, tests were performed in batch in varying parameters: pH (2 to 8), glucose concentration (0 to 3%), dye concentration (25 to 100 ppm) and temperature (20 to 40ºC). The yeasts showed ability to decolorize RBBR by biodegradation with rates ranging between 80 and 93% after 24 hours. The optimal conditions for decolorization were acid pH, glucose 2%, 25 ppm dye concentration and 25ºC. After the toxicity tests with Artemia salina, decreased toxicity was observed following treatment with isolated SJU5 and SJ10, after 120 hours incubation.

A green approach for the treatment of dye and surfactant contaminated industrial wastewater

Abstract Synthetic dyes, particularly reactive and acid dyes, are commonly used in the textile industry because of their advantages as excellent color fastness and brightness. Also, surfactants are used for an increment of coloring success in the textile industry. One of the major problems concerning textile wastewater is the treatment of the effluents containing both dyes and surfactants. Biological treatment systems are recommended as useful, economic and eco-friendly methods for treatment of industrial wastewater. The purpose of this study was to investigate the binary removal of a textile dye and a surfactant by growing Aspergillus versicolor culture in molasses medium. The effect of dye and surfactant concentration on the removal of dye and surfactant was determined. This study resulted that 100% of the surfactant and dye molecules removed together with the formation of a dye-surfactant complex by fungus. It is concluded that binary removal systems are very efficient for industrial wastewater treatment.

Resumo Os corantes sintéticos, particularmente corantes reativos e ácidos, são comumente usados na indústria têxtil devido às suas vantagens como excelente solidez da cor e brilho. Além disso, os surfactantes são usados para incrementar o sucesso da coloração na indústria têxtil. Um dos principais problemas relativos às águas residuais têxteis são o tratamento dos efluentes contendo corantes e surfactantes. Os sistemas de tratamento biológico são recomendados como métodos úteis, econômicos e ecológicos para o tratamento de efluentes industriais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a remoção binária de um corante têxtil e um surfactante, cultivando a cultura Aspergillus versicolor em meio de melaço. O efeito das concentrações de corante e surfactante nas remoções de corante e surfactante foi determinado. Este estudo resultou na remoção de 100% das moléculas de surfactante e corante juntamente com a formação de um complexo corante-surfactante por fungos. Conclui-se que os sistemas de remoção binária são muito eficientes no tratamento de efluentes industriais.

Screening and identification of Trametes lactinea and Pycnoporouscoccineus isolated from Kampar for laccase production

Aims: Laccase is a blue copper oxidase that catalyses four electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water. It is able to oxidise aromatic compounds with molecular oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. The aim of this study was to screen for laccase producing basidiomycetes isolated from decaying woods and tree trunks around Kampar, Perak. Methodology and results: The isolated basidiomycetes were screened for their laccase activity on different agar plates supplemented with 2, 2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), guaiacol and Remazol Brillant Blue R (RBBR), respectively. In the presence of laccase, the colourless ABTS and guaiacol were oxidised to form blue-green and reddish-brown coloured zone around the fungal colony, respectively; whereas the blue RBBR was decolourised by the enzyme. Colour or colourless halo zones that are formed on the agar plates indicate the presence of ligninolytic enzyme activities. Isolates KA1 and TR9 indicated the highest enzymatic hydrolysis on ABTS plates with the halo zone ratio of 1.43  0.04 and 0.98  0.01, respectively. Based on the BLAST results from the amplicon of ITS1 and ITS4 primers, Isolates KA1 and TR9 were identified as Trametes lactinea and Pycnoporous coccineus, respectively. Under submerged fermentation, P. coccineus has higher laccase production (0.72 U/mL) compared with T. lactinea (0.16 U/mL). Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Both T. lactinea and P. coccineus are potential strains for laccase production which can be used for dye decolourisation and degradation. Future studies will focus on the application of the laccase in textile dye degradation.

Production of textile reddish brown dyes by fungi

Eleven fungal strains were tested for their ability to produce brown and reddish brown textile dyes using H-acid (1- naphthol-8-amino-3, 6-disulfonic acid) as a dye precursor in the fermentation medium. All tested fungal strains exhibited high ability to produce dyes varying in both dye color (brown to reddish brown) and fastness properties to washing, perspiration and UV light. The produced dyes were subjected to further analysis for quantitative determination of dye components for investigation of their inter-relations as well as their role in dye color and stability.